Mousebird
Mousebirds | |
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Blue-naped mousebird (Urocolius macrourus) | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Chordata |
Class: | Aves |
Clade: | Coraciimorphae |
Order: | Coliiformes Murie, 1872 |
Family: | Coliidae Swainson, 1837 |
Genera
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taxa, see text .
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The mousebirds are
Description
Mousebirds are slender greyish or brown birds with soft, hairlike body
Behaviour and ecology
Mousebirds are gregarious, again reinforcing the analogy with mice, and are found in bands of about 20 in lightly wooded country. These birds build cup-shaped twig nests in trees, which are lined with grasses. Clutches of two to three eggs are typically laid.[6]
Systematics and evolution
The mousebirds could be considered "
The latter were previously a separate order,
Extinct Coliiformes occupied a wide range of ecologies.
Taxonomy
- Genus †Botauroides Shufeldt 1915 (Eocene of Wyoming, US)
- †B. parvus Shufeldt 1915
- Genus †Eobucco Feduccia & Martin 1976 - sandcoleid?
- †E. brodkorbi Feduccia & Martin 1976
- Genus †Eocolius Dyke & Waterhouse 2001 (London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze, England) - sandcoleid or coliid
- †E. walkeri Dyke & Waterhouse 2001
- Genus †Limnatornis Milne-Edwards 1871 [Palaeopicus Lambrecht 1933 ex Brodkorb 1952] (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France) - coliid? (Urocolius?)
- †L. consobrinus (Milne-Edwards 1871) [Picus consobrinus Milne-Edwards 1871; Palaeopicus consobrinus (Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933 nomen nudum; Urocolius consobrinus (Milne-Edwards 1871)]
- †L. paludicola Milne-Edwards 1871 [Colius paludicola (Milne-Edwards 1871) Ballmann 1969a; Urocolius paludicola (Milne-Edwards 1871)]
- †L. archiaci (Milne-Edwards 1871) [Picus archiaci Milne-Edwards 1871; Colius archiaci (Milne-Edwards 1871) Ballmann 1969a; Urocolius archiaci (Milne-Edwards 1871) Mlíkovský 2002] (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France)
- Coliiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Kohfidisch, Austria)[13]
- Genus †Uintornis Marsh 1872 - sandcoleid?
- †U. lucaris Brodkorb 1971
- †U. marionae Feduccia & Martin 1976
- Family †Chascacocoliidae Zelenkov & Dyke 2008
- Genus †Chascacocolius Houde & Olson 1992 (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene) - basal? sandcoleid?
- †C. oscitans Houde & Olson 1992
- †C. cacicirostris Mayr 2005
- Genus †Chascacocolius Houde & Olson 1992 (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene) - basal? sandcoleid?
- Family †Selmeidae Zelenkov & Dyke 2008
- Genus †Selmes Mayr 1998 ex Peters 1999 (Middle Eocene ?-Late Oligocene of C Europe) - coliid? (synonym of Primocolius?)
- †S. absurdipes Mayr 1998 ex Peters 1999
- Genus †Selmes Mayr 1998 ex Peters 1999 (Middle Eocene ?-Late Oligocene of C Europe) - coliid? (synonym of Primocolius?)
- Family †Sandcoleidae Houde & Olson 1992 sensu Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2004
- Genus †Sandcoleus Houde & Olson 1992 (Paleocene)
- †S. copiosus Houde & Olson 1992
- Genus †Anneavis Houde & Olson 1992
- †A. anneae Houde & Olson 1992
- Genus †Eoglaucidium Fischer 1987
- †E. pallas Fischer 1987
- Genus †Tsidiiyazhi Ksepka, Stidham & Williamson 2017 (Paleocene of New Mexico)
- †T. abini Ksepka, Stidham & Williamson 2017
- Genus †Sandcoleus Houde & Olson 1992 (Paleocene)
- Family ColiidaeSwainson 1837 sensu Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2004
- Genus †Celericolius Ksepka & Clarke 2010
- †C. acriala Ksepka & Clarke 2010
- Genus †Masillacolius Mayr & Peters 1998 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
- †M. brevidactylus Mayr & Peters 1998
- Genus †Oligocolius Mayr 2000 (Early Oligocene of Frauenweiler, Germany)
- †O. brevitarsus Mayr 2000
- †O. psittacocephalon Mayr 2013
- Genus †Palaeospiza Allen 1878
- †Palaeospiza bella Allen 1878
- Genus †Primocolius Mourer-Chauviré 1988 (Late Eocene/Oligocene of Quercy, France)
- Subfamily Coliinae
- Genus Urocolius (2 species)
- U. indicus(Latham 1790) (Red-faced mousebird)
- U. macrourus(Linnaeus 1766) (Blue-naped mousebird)
- Genus Colius [Necrornis Milne-Edwards 1871] (4 species)
- †C. hendeyi Vickers-Rich & Haarhoff 1985
- †C. palustris (Milne-Edwards 1871) Ballmann 1969 [Necrornis palustris Milne-Edwards 1871][14][15]
- C. castanotusVerreaux & Verreaux 1855 (Red-backed mousebird)
- C. colius(Linnaeus 1766) (White-backed mousebird)
- C. leucocephalusReichenow 1879 (White-headed mousebird)
- C. striatusGmelin 1789 (Speckled mousebird)
- Genus Urocolius (2 species)
- Genus †Celericolius Ksepka & Clarke 2010
Footnotes
- PMID 28696285.
- ^
Jarvis, E. D.; Mirarab, S.; Aberer, A. J.; et al. (2014). "Whole-genome analyses resolve early branches in the tree of life of modern birds". Science. 346 (6215): 1320–1331. PMID 25504713.
- ^ a b
Ksepka, D.T.; Stidham, T.A.; Williamson, T.E. (2017). "Early Paleocene landbird supports rapid phylogenetic and morphological diversification of crown birds after the K–Pg mass extinction". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 114 (30): 8047–8052. PMID 28696285.
- ^ Zelenkov, Nikita V.; Dyke, Gareth J. (2008). "The Fossil Record and Evolution of Mousebirds (Aves: Coliiformes)". Palaeontology. 51 (6): 1403–1418. .
- ISBN 978-1-85391-186-6.
- ^ Winkler, D. W., S. M. Billerman, and I.J. Lovette (2020). Mousebirds (Coliidae), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (S. M. Billerman, B. K. Keeney, P. G. Rodewald, and T. S. Schulenberg, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.coliid1.01
- Olson, Storrs L. (1992). "A radiation of coly-like birds from the Eocene of North America (Aves: Sandcoleiformes, new order)" (PDF). Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Science Series. 36: 137–160. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2006-09-05. Retrieved 2006-09-05.
- S2CID 59146377.
- ^ It has a peculiar foot morphology not found in any other bird, with very stubby toes. The specific name absurdipes ("absurd foot") refers to this. The genus name is an anagram of "Messel", where it was first found.
- ^ Mayr, G. 2018. New data on the anatomy and palaeobiology of sandcoleid mousebirds (Aves, Coliiformes) from the early Eocene of Messel. Palaeobiodiversity and Palaeoenvironments 98: 639-651. doi: 10.1007/s12549-018-0328-1
- ^ Mikko's Phylogeny Archive [1] Haaramo, Mikko (2007). "COLIIFORMES – mousebirds". Retrieved 19 November 2020.
- ^ Paleofile.com [2]. "Aves". Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Similar to Urocolius and Limnatornis (if distinct): Mlíkovský (2002)
- ^ Peter Ballmann (1969): Les oiseaux miocènes de La Grive-Saint-Alban (Isère). – Géobios 2: p 157-204.
- ^ Storrs Olson (1985): The Fossil Record of Birds In: Avian Biology, No. 8: p. 79–238
References
- Hackett, S.; et al. (2008). "A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History". Science. 320 (5884): 1763–1768. S2CID 6472805.
- McCormack, J.E. et al. (2012) A phylogeny of birds based on over 1,500 loci collected by target enrichment and high-throughput sequencing.
- Mlíkovský, Jirí (2002): Cenozoic Birds of the World, Part 1: Europe. Ninox Press, Prague.
External links
- Mousebird videos on the Internet Bird Collection
- Picture of a mousebird atop a tree