List of fossil bird genera

non-avian dinosaurs except that some of the former survived the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event while the latter did not. For the purposes of this article, a 'bird' is considered to be any member of the clade Avialae.^[1] Some dinosaur groups which may or may not be true birds are listed below under Proto-birds

.

This page contains a listing of prehistoric bird taxa only known from completely

climate changes due to orbital shifts, mass volcanic eruptions etc. Alternatively, species may have gone extinct due to evolutionary displacement by successor or competitor taxa – it is notable that an extremely large number of seabirds have gone extinct during the mid-Tertiary; this seems at least partly due to competition by the contemporary radiation of marine mammals

.

The relationships of these

taxa are often hard to determine, as many are known only from very fragmentary remains and due to the complete fossilization precluding analysis of information from DNA, RNA or protein sequencing. The taxa listed in this article should be classified with the Wikipedia conservation status category

"Fossil".

Before the late 19th century, when

taxa

back then.

Taxonomic list of fossil prehistoric birds

Higher-level

phylogenetic order. Genus

-level taxa and lower are sorted chronologically, in ascending order (i.e., older taxa first).

The higher-level groups of non-

Luis Chiappe,^[2] updated and expanded to incorporate recent research.^[3]

The categories are inclusive in ascending order.

Taxonomic assignments, especially in the pygostylian to early neornithine genera, are still very provisional and subject to quite frequent change.[4]^[5]

Basal Avialae (extinct)

The most primitive "birds", usually still possessing a long bony tail with generally unfused vertebrae. Not all of these may be on the line of bird ancestors; whether they are not closer to other

theropods groups than to the Avialae remains to be thoroughly tested (see Xiaotingia

).

†Anchiornis huxleyi Xu et al. 2009
†Aurornis xui Godefroit et al. 2013
†Balaur bondoc Csiki et al. 2010
†Jixiangornis orientalis Ji et al. 2002
†Xiaotingia zhengi Xu et al. 2011
†Yandangornithiformes
Cai & Zhao 1999
- †Yandangornithidae
  Cai & Zhao 1999
  - †Yandangornis longicaudatus Cai & Zhao 1999 (Late Cretaceous)
†Archaeopterygiformes
Fürbringer 1888
- †a
  
  †Wellnhoferia grandis Elzanowski 2001 (Late Jurassic) – possible synonym of Archaeopteryx
  
  †Griphosaurus
  Wagner 1861 (nomen rejectum)] (Late Jurassic)

†Jeholornithiformes
Zhou & Zhang 2006
†Jeholornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2006
†Dalianraptor cuhe Gao & Liu 2005

†Shenzhouraptor
Ji et al. 2002] (Early Cretaceous)

Basal Pygostylia (extinct)

The earliest birds with a modern
synapomorphies.^[6]

†Chongmingia zhengi Wang et al. 2016

†Confuciusornithiformes
Hou et al. 1995
†Proornis coreae
Lim 1993 (nomen nudum)

†Zhongornis haoae Gao et al. 2008 - confuciusornithid?

†Confuciusornithidae Hou et al. 1995
†Changchengornis hengdaoziensis Ji, Chiappe & Ji 1999 (Early Cretaceous)

†Eoconfuciusornis zhengi Zhang, Zhou & Benton 2008 (Early Cretaceous)

†Evgenavis nobilis O'Connor, Averianov & Zelenkov 2014

†Jinzhouornis
Hou et al. 2002] (Early Cretaceous)

†Omnivoropterygiformes
Czerkas & Ji 2002 [Sapeornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Omnivoropterygidae Czerkas & Ji 2002 [Sapeornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Omnivoropteryx sinousaorum Czerkas & Qiang Ji 2002 (Early Cretaceous)

†Shenshiornis primita
Hu et al. 2010] (Early Cretaceous)

Enantiornithes (extinct)

Iberomesornis romerali, a tiny primitive enantiornithine.
It was no bigger than a modern-day finch
.

The taxonomic list of enantiornithine groups presented here follows a summary published by Thomas R. Holz Jr. in 2011.[7]
†Enantiornithes

Basal Enantiornithes and Enantiornithes incerta sedis
†Cerebavis cenomanica Kurochkin et al. 2006 (Late Cretaceous)^[8]

†Cruralispennia multidonta Wang et al. 2017

†Dalingheornis liweii Zhang et al. 2006 (Early Cretaceous)

†Dunhuangia cuii Wang et al. 2015

†Elsornis keni Chiappe et al. 2007 (Late Cretaceous)

†Feitianius paradisi O'Connor et al. 2015

†Holbotia ponomarenkoi Zelenkov & Averianov 2015 [Holbotia ponomarenkoi Kuročkin 1982 nomen nudum]

†Cathayornis caudatus
Hou 1997]

†Laevisoolithidae Mikhailov 1991 [Subtiliolithidae] [ootaxa]
†Laevisoolithus sochavai Mikhailov 1991 [ootaxa]

†Subtiliolithus microtuberculatus Mikhailov 1991 [ootaxa]

†Tipoolithus achloujensis Garcia et al. 2003 [ootaxa]

†Linyiornis amoena Wang et al. 2016

†Monoenantiornis sihedangia Hu & O'Connor 2016

†Paraprotopteryx gracilis Zheng, Zhang & Hou 2007 (Early Cretaceous)

†Parvavis chuxiongensis Wang, Zhou & Xu 2014

†Piscivorenantiornis inusitatus Wang & Zhou 2017

†Pterygornis dapingfangensis Wang, Hu & Li 2015

†Xiangornis shenmi Hu et al. 2012 (Jiufotang Early Cretaceous of Liaoning)

†Yuanjiawaornis viriosus Hu et al. 2015

†
Kurzholiidae
Nesov 1992
†Kuszholia mengi Nesov 1992 (Late Cretaceous)

†Iberomesornithiformes
Sanz & Bonaparte 1992
†Iberomesornithidae Sanz & Bonaparte 1992
†Iberomesornis romerali Sanz & Bonaparte 1992 (Early Cretaceous)

†Liaoningornithiformes
Hou 1997
†
Liaoningornithidae
Hou 1997
†Eoalulavis hoyasi Sanz et al. 1996 (Early Cretaceous)

†Liaoningornis longidigitris Hou 1997

Basal Euenantiornithes

†Catenoleimus anachoretus Panteleyev 1999 (Late Cretaceous)

†Cratoavis cearensis Carvalho et al. 2015

†Elbretornis bonapartei Walker & Dyke 2009 (Late Cretaceous)

†Eocathayornis walkeri Zhou 2002 [Eocathayornis walkeri Zhou 1999 (nomen nudum)] (Early Cretaceous)

†Flexomornis howei Tykoski & Fiorillo 2010 (Late Cretaceous)

†Fortunguavis xiaotaizicus Wang, O'Connor & Zhou 2014

†Grabauornis lingyuanensis Dalsatt, Erickson & Zhou 2014

†Huoshanornis huji Wang et al. 2010 (Late Cretaceous)

†Largirostrornis sexdentoris Hou 1997 (Early Cretaceous)

†Lectavis bretincola Chiappe 1993 (Late Cretaceous)

†Martinavis Walker, Buffetaut & Dyke, 2007 (Late Cretaceous)
†M. cruzyensis Walker, Buffetaut & Dyke, 2007

†M. vincei Walker, Buffetaut & Dyke, 2007

†M. minor Walker & Dyke, 2009

†M. saltariensis Walker & Dyke, 2009

†M. whetstonei Walker & Dyke, 2009

†Musivavis amabilis Wang et al., 2022 (Early Cretaceous)

†Yungavolucris brevipedalis Chiappe 1993 (Late Cretaceous)

†Liaoxiornithiformes Hou et al. 2002
†Liaoxiornithidae Hou & Chen 1999
†Lingyuanornis parvus
Ji & Ji 1999] (Late Cretaceous)

†Pengornithidae Wang et al. 2014
†Chiappeavis magnapremaxillo O'Connor et al. 2016

†Eopengornis martini Wang et al. 2014

†Pengornis houi Zhou, Clarke & Zhang 2008 (Early Cretaceous)

†Parapengornis eurycaudatus Hu, O'Connor & Zhou 2015

†Protopterygiformes
Zhou & Zhang 2006
†
Protopterygidae
Zhou & Zhang 2006
†Jibeinia luanhera Hou 2000 [Jibeinia luanhera Hou 1997 nomen nudum] (Early Cretaceous)

†Protopteryx fengningensis Zhang & Zhou 2000 (Early Cretaceous)

†Hebeiornis fengningensis
Yan 1999

†Eoenantiornithiformes
Hou et al. 1999
†
Eoenantiornithidae
Hou et al. 1999
†Dapingfangornis sentisorhinus Li et al. 2006 (Early Cretaceous)

†Eoenantiornis buhleri Hou et al. 1999

†Bohaiornithidae Wang et al. 2014
†Beiguornis khinganensis Wang et al., 2022

†Bohaiornis guoi Hu et al. 2011

†Longusunguis kurochkini Wang et al. 2014

†Parabohaiornis martini Wang et al. 2014

†Shenqiornis mengi Wang et al. 2010 (Early Cretaceous)

†Sulcavis geeorum O'Connor et al. 2013 (Early Cretaceous)^[9]

†Zhouornis hani Zhang et al. 2013

†Longipterygiformes
Zhang et al. 2001 [Boluochiiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006; Longirostraviformes Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Longipterygidae Zhang et al. 2001 [Boluochiidae Zhou & Zhang 2006; Longirostravidae Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Boluochia zhengi Zhou 1995 (Early Cretaceous)

†
Camptodontus yangi^[10]
Li et al. 2010 non Dejean 1826 (Early Cretaceous)

†Longipteryx chaoyangensis Zhang et al. 2001 (Early Cretaceous)

†Longirostravis hani Hou et al. 2004 (Early Cretaceous)

†Otogornis genghisi Hou 1994 (Early Cretaceous)

†Rapaxavis pani Morschhauser et al. 2009 (Early Cretaceous)

†Shanweiniao cooperorum O'Connor et al. 2009 (Early Cretaceous)

†Shengjingornis yangi Li et al. 2012 (Early Cretaceous)

†Cathayornithiformes
Zhou, Jin & Zhang 1992 [Sinornithiformes Hou 1997; Euornithiformes Kuročkin 1996]
†Alethoalaornithidae Li et al. 2007
†Alethoalaornis agitornis Li et al. 2007 (Early Cretaceous)

†Concornithidae Kuročkin 1996
†Concornis lacustris Sanz & Buscalioni 1992 (Early Cretaceous)

†Qiliania graffini Ji et al. 2011 (Early Cretaceous)

†Noguerornis gonzalezi Lasaca-Ruiz 1989 (Early Cretaceous)

†
Cathyornithidae
Zhou, Jin & Zhang 1992 [Sinornithidae Hou 1997]
†Gracilornis jiufotangensis Li & Hou 2011 (Early Cretaceous)

†Longchengornis sanyanensis Hou 1997 (Early Cretaceous)

†Sinornis santensis Sereno & Rao 1992 (Early Cretaceous)

†Cathayornis Zhou, Jin & Zhang 1992 (Early Cretaceous)

†Enantiornithiformes
Chiappe 1992 non Walker 1981, Martin 1983 [Gobipterygiformes Elzanowski 1974; Alexornithiformes Brodkorb 1976]
†Avisauridae Brett-Surman & Paul 1985
†Cuspirostrisornis houi Hou 1997 (Early Cretaceous)

†Avisaurus Brett-Surman & Paul 1985 (Late Cretaceous)

†Bauxitornis mindszentyae^[11] (Late Cretaceous)

†Enantiophoenix electrophyla Cau & Arduini 2008 (Late Cretaceous)

†Halimornis thompsonae Chiappe, Lamb & Ericson 2002 (Late Cretaceous)

†Gettyia Atterholt et al., 2018 (Late Cretaceous)

†Intiornis inexpectatus^[12] (Late Cretaceous)

†Mirarce Atterholt et al., 2018 (Late Cretaceous)

†Mystiornis cyrili Kuročkin et al. 2011 (Early Cretaceous)

†Neuquenornis volans Chiappe & Calvo 1994 (Late Cretaceous)

†Soroavisaurus australis Chiappe 1993 (Late Cretaceous)

†Gobipterygidae Elzanowski 1974
†Gobipipus reshetovi Kuročkin, Chatterjee & Mikhailov 2013

†Gobipteryx minuta Elzanowski 1974 (Late Cretaceous)

†Vescornis hebeiensis Zhang, Ericson & Zhou 2004 (Early Cretaceous)

†Enantiornithidae
Walker 1981
†Enantiornis leali Walker 1981 (Late Cretaceous)

†Gurilynia nessovi Kuročkin 1999 (Late Cretaceous)

†Wyleyia valdensis Harrison & Walker 1973 (Late Cretaceous)

†Nanantius Molnar 1986 (Early-?Late Cretaceous)

†Alexornithidae
Brodkorb 1976
†Abavornis bonaparti Panteleyev 1998 (Late Cretaceous)

†Alexornis antecedens Brodkorb 1976 (Late Cretaceous)

†Explorornis Panteleyev 1998 (Late Cretaceous)

†Incolornis Panteleyev 1998 (Late Cretaceous)

†Kizylkumavis cretacea Nesov 1984 (Late Cretaceous)

†Lenesornis maltschevskyi (Nesov 1986) Kuročkin 1996 [Ichthyornis maltschevskyi Nesov 1986 non Marsh 1872] (Late Cretaceous)

†Sazavis prisca Nesov & Jarkov 1989 (Early Cretaceous)

†Zhyraornis Nesov 1984 (Late Cretaceous)

Note that Holtz (2011) also included
ornithuromorph, though more recent studies have placed it as a close relative of Eoalulavis.^[14]

Basal Euornithes (extinct)

Also called "basal
Ornithuromorpha".^[15] Essentially modern birds, except many still possess a few primitive features such as teeth or wing claws. These have the plowshare-shaped pygostyle and proper tail fan as seen in most living birds. The taxonomy of this group is confusing; the name "Ornithurae" was first proposed by Ernst Haeckel
in 1866 and has been revised in meaning several times since.
The following is a list of primitive euornithian genera and those that cannot be confidently referred to any subgroups, following Holtz (2011).[7]

†Archaeorhynchus spathula Zhou & Zhang 2006

†Changmaornis houi Wang et al. 2013

†Changzuiornis ahgmi Huang et al. 2017

†Gargantuavis philoinos Buffetaut & Le Loeuff 1998

†
Hollanda luceria Bell et al. 2009 [Hollandornis birdus
Bell et al. 2009 (nomen nudum)]

†Horezmavis eocretaceous Nesov 1983

†Hulsanpes perlei Osmólska 1982 (?Troodontidae)

†Iteravis huchzermeyeri Zhou, O'Connor & Wang 2014

†Jianchangornis microdonta Zhou, Zhang & Li 2009

†Jiuquanornis niui Wang et al. 2013

†Juehuaornis zhangi Wang, Wang & Hu 2015

†
Palaeopteryx thomsoni Jensen 1981 (dinosaur
)

†Platanavis nana Nesov 1992

†Schizooura lii Zhou, Zhou & O'Connor 2012

†Tingmiatornis arctica Wang et al. 2017

†Vorona berivotrensis Forster et al. 1996

†Xinghaiornis lini
Wang et al. 2013

†Yumenornis huangi Wang et al. 2013

†Zhongjianornis yangi Zhou, Zhang & Li 2009

†Patagopterygidae
Alvarenga & Bonaparte 1992
†Alamitornis minutus Agnolin & Martinelli 2009

†Patagopteryx deferrariisi Alvarenga & Bonaparte 1992

†Hongshanornithidae O'Connor, Gao & Chiappe 2010
?†Archaeornithura meemannae Wang et al. 2015

†Hongshanornis longicresta Zhou & Zhang 2005 (Early Cretaceous)

†Longicrusavis houi O'Connor, Gao & Chiappe 2010 (Early Cretaceous)

†Parahongshanornis chaoyangensis Li, Wang & Hou 2011 (Early Cretaceous)– ornithurine?

†Tianyuornis cheni Zheng et al. 2014

†Chaoyangiiformes Hou 1997
†Chaoyangiidae
Hou 1997 [Chaoyangornithidae Hou 1997]
†Chaoyangia beishanensis Hou & Zhang 1993

†Songlingornithiformes
[Aberratiodontiformes Gong, Hou & Wang 2004; Yanornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2001; Yixianornithiformes Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Songlingornithidae Hou 1997 [Aberratiodontidae Gong, Hou & Wang 2004; Chaoyangornithidae Hou 1997; Yanornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2001; Yixiaornithidae Zhou & Zhang 2006]
†Piscivoravis lii Zhou et al. 2013

†Songlingornis linghensis Hou 1997 (Early Cretaceous)

†Yixianornis grabaui Zhou & Zhang 2001 (Early Cretaceous)

†Aberratiodontus
Gong, Hou & Wang 2004] (Early Cretaceous)

Note that Holtz also included the genera Eurolimnornis, Holbotia, Palaeocursornis and Piksi as euornitheans, though they have since been re-identified as pterosaurs.^[16]

Basal Ornithurae (extinct)

Limenavis patagonica Clarke & Chiappe 2001 (Late Cretaceous)– paleognath?

Palintropidae
Palintropus retusus (Marsh 1892) Brodkorb 1970 [Cimolopteryx retusa Marsh 1892; Apatornis retusus (Marsh 1892) Brodkorb 1962] (Late Cretaceous) (?Galliformes: Quercymegapodiidae)

†Ambiortiformes Kuročkin 1982
†Ambiortidae
Kuročkin 1982
†Ambiortus dementjevi Kuročkin 1982 (Late Cretaceous)

†Apsaraviformes
Kuročkin 1982
†Apsaravidae
†Apsaravis ukhaana Norell & Clarke 2001 (Late Cretaceous)

†Gansuiformes
Hou & Liu 1984
†Gansuidae
Hou & Liu 1984
†Gansus Hou & Liu 1984 (Early Cretaceous)

†Ichthyornithiformes
Marsh 1873 [Pteropappi Stejneger 1885]
†Apatornithidae
Fürbringer 1888
†Apatornis celer (Marsh 1873) Marsh 1873 [Ichthyornis celer Marsh 1873] (Late Cretaceous)

†Guildavis tener (Marsh 1880) Clarke 2004 [Ichthyornis tener Marsh 1880] (Cretaceous of Wallace County, US)

†Iaceornis marshi Clarke 2004 (Late Cretaceous)

†Ichthyornithidae
Marsh 1873
Plegadornis
Wetmore 1962 non Brehm 1855] (Late Cretaceous)

†
Hesperornithiformes Fürbringer 1888 (Large, toothed, loon-like diving birds)
Hesperornis

†Chupkaornis keraorum Tanaka et al. 2017

†Potamornis skutchi Elzanowski, Paul & Stidham 2000 (Late Cretaceous)

†Pasquiaornis Tokaryk, Cumbaa & Storer 1997 (Late Cretaceous)

†Enaliornithidae
Fürbringer 1888
†Enaliornis Seeley 1876 [Palaeocolyntus (sic) Seeley 1864 nomen nudum; Palaeocolymbus Seeley 1869; Pelargonis (sic) Seeley 1864 nomen nudum; Pelagornis Seeley 1866 nomen nudum non Lartet 1857] (Early Cretaceous)

†Baptornithidae
AOU 1910
†Parascaniornis
Lambrecht 1933]

†Brodavidae
Martin, Kuročkin & Tokaryk 2012
Brodavis Martin, Kuročkin & Tokaryk 2012 (Late Cretaceous)

†Judinornithidae
Nesov 1983
†Judinornis nogontsavensis Nesov & Borkin 1983 (Late Cretaceous)

†Hesperornithidae
Marsh 1880
†Fumicollis hoffmani Bell & Chiappe 2015

†Parahesperornis alexi Martin 1980 (Late Cretaceous)

†
Hargeria Lucas 1903; Asiahesperornis Nesov & Prizemlin 1991; Canadaga
Hou 1999] (Late Cretaceous)

Neornithes

The subclass that contains all modern birds.
Unresolved and basal forms
These modern birds are known from remains that cannot be placed in relation to any one modern group and are neither
basal to several modern orders, while later Paleogene
taxa often represent extinct lineages outside the modern families.

†Australornis lovei Mayr & Scofield 2014 (late early Paleocene)

†Gallornis straeleni Lambrecht 1931 (Late Cretaceous)

†Ceramornis major Brodkorb 1963 (Late Cretaceous) – charadriiform?

†"Presbyornithidae" gen. et sp. indet. (Barun Goyot Late Cretaceous of Udan Sayr, Mongolia) - anseriform (presbyornithid)?

†Torotix clemensi Brodkorb 1963 (Late Cretaceous) – pelecaniform, charadriiform, procellariiform or phoenicopteriform

Neornithes incerta sedis Kurochkin 1995 (Nemegt Late Cretaceous of S Mongolia) - phalacrocoracid?

Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 25272 (Lance Creek Late Cretaceous of Converse County, US) - phalacrocoracid?

Neornithes incerta sedis PVPH 237 (Portezuelo Late Cretaceous of Sierra de Portezuelo, Argentina) - galliform?

Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117598 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug Creek West, US)

Neornithes incerta sedis UCMP 117599 (Hell Creek Late Cretaceous of Bug Creek West, US) – anseriform?

†"Lonchodytes" pterygius Brodkorb 1963 (Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?

†Novacaesareala hungerfordi Parris & Hope 2002 (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) – related to Torotix?

†"Palaeotringa" vetus Marsh 1870 (Lance Late Cretaceous of Wyoming – Hornerstown Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene of New Jersey, US) - gruiform? anseriform (presbyornithid)?

†Volgavis marina Nessov & Jarkow 1989 (Early Palaeocene of Volgograd, Russia) – charadriiform? phalacrocoraciform?

†Tshulia litorea Nessov 1988 (Late Paleocene of Zhylga, Kazakhstan)

†Eupterornis remensis Lemoine 1878 (Paleocene of Cernay, France) – charadriiform (larid?)? gaviiform?

†Gradiornis walbeckensis Mayr 2007 (Paleocene of Walbeck, Germany) – cariamid?

†"Messelornis" russelli Mourer-Chauviré 1995 sensu Mayr 2007 (Paleocene of Cernay, France) – messelornithid?

†Walbeckornis creber Mayr 2007 (Paleocene of Walbeck, Germany) – charadriiform? messelornithid?

Neornithes incerta sedis (Late Paleocene/Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco) – charadriiform, ciconiiform, gruiform?

†Argillipes Harrison & Walker 1977 (London Clay Early Eocene of England) – galliform?
†A. aurorum Harrison & Walker 1977

†A. magnus Harrison & Walker 1979

†A. paralectoris Harrison & Walker 1977

†Coturnipes cooperi Harrison & Walker 1977 (Early Eocene of England, and Virginia, US?)– galliform, falconiform?

†Fluviatilavis antunesi Harrison 1983 (Early Eocene of Silveirinha, Portugal)– charadriiform?

†Mopsitta tanta Waterhouse et al. 2008 (Early Eocene) – threskiornithid (may belong in Rhynchaeites), psittacid?

†Neanis schucherti Shufeldt 1913 (Early Eocene)– coraciiform (primobucconid), piciform?

†Paleophasianus meleagroides Wetmore 1940 (Willwood Early Eocene of Bighorn County, US)– galliform (tetraonine or cracid) or gruiform (aramid)?

†Precursor parvus (Early Eocene)– several species? psittaciform (pseudasturid or psittacid) + charadriiform (glareolid)?

†"Precursor" litorum Harrison & Walker 1977

†"Precursor" magnus Harrison & Walker 1977

†Procuculus minutus Harrison & Walker 1977 (Early Eocene of Bognor Regis, England)– cuculiform (parvicuculid), coraciiform (primobucconid), close to Primapus?

†Pulchrapollia Dyke & Cooper 2000 (Early Eocene) – psittaciform (pseudasturid or psittacid)?
†P. gracilis Dyke & Cooper 2000

†P. olsoni (Feduccia & Martin 1976) [Primobucco olsoni Feduccia & Martin 1976]

Neornithes incerta sedis USNM 496384 (Nanjemoy Early Eocene of Virginia, US)– parvicuculid? aegithalornithid?

†Palaeopsittacus georgei Harrison 1982b (Early – middle Eocene of NW Europe) – caprimulgiform (podargid?) or quercypsittid?

†Amitabha urbsinterdictensis
Gulas-Wroblewski & Wroblewski 2003 (Bridger middle Eocene of Forbidden City, US) - galliform (phasianid) or gruiform (rallid?)?

†Eociconia sangequanensis Hou 1989 (middle Eocene of China)– ciconiiform (ciconiid)?

†Protocypselomorphus manfredkelleri Mayr 2005 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)– caprimulgiform, apodiform or ancestral to both

†Pumiliornis tessellatus Mayr 1999 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

†Eortyx hoffmanni
(Gervais 1852)]

†Minggangia changgouensis Hou 1982 (Late Eocene of China) – rallid, threskiornithid?

†Petropluvialis simplex Harrison & Walker 1976 (Late Eocene of England)– may be same as Palaeopapia; anseriform?

†"Phasianus" alfhildae Shufeldt 1915 (Washakie B Late Eocene of Haystack Butte, US)– gruiform, ciconiiform, phoenicopteriform?

†Telecrex grangeri Wetmore 1934 (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, Mongolia)– meleagrid or gruiform (rallid?)

Neornithes incerta sedis AMNH FR 2941 (Irdin Manha Late Eocene of Chimney Butte, China) – falconiform (accipitrid)? gruiform (Eogrus)?

†Zheroia kurochkini Nesov 1988 (Late Eocene of Kazakhstan) – gruiform? pelagornithid?

†"Falco" falconellus Shufeldt 1915 (or falconella; Eocene of Wyoming, US) – falconiform (falconid)?

†Agnopterus Milne-Edwards 1868 (Late Eocene– Late Oligocene of Europe)– phoenicopteriform or anseriform
†A. laurillardi Milne-Edwards 1868

†A. sicki Alvarenga 1990

†A. turgaiensis Tugarinov 1940 [Cygnopterus lambrechti Kuročkin 1968]

†Plesiocathartes Gaillard 1908 (Late Eocene–? Early Miocene of SW Europe) - cathartid, leptosomid?
†P. europaeus Gaillard 1908

†P. gaillardi

†P. wyomingensis Weidig 2006

†P. major Weidig 2006

†P. geiselensis Mayr 2002

†P. kelleri Mayr 2002

†Botauroides parvus Shufeldt 1915 (Eocene of Wyoming, US) – coliiform?

†Aminornis excavatus Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina) – gruiform (aramid)?

†Ciconiopsis antarctica Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina) – ciconiiform (ciconiid)?

†Climacarthrus incompletus Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) – falconiform (accipitrid)? A nomen dubium

†Cruschedula revola Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Golfo San Jorge, Argentina) Aves incertae sedis; A nomen dubium

†Dolichopterus viator Milne-Edwards 1867 [Dolicopterus Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Camaskelus Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Camaskelus Milne-Edwards 1867; Dolicopterus viator Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Camaskelus palustris Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Camaskelus palustris Milne-Edwards 1867] (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France) – charadriiform (charadriid)? Not Dolicopterus as sometimes claimed

†Loncornis erectus Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Rio Deseado, Argentina)– gruiform (aramid)?

†Loxornis clivus Ameghino 1894– anatid? (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)

†Manu antiquus
Marples 1946 (Early Oligocene) – pelagornithid? procellariiform (diomedeid)?

†Palaeocrex rex Wetmore 1927 (Early Oligocene of Trigonias Quarry, US) – gruiform (rallid)?

†Palaeopapia eous >(Harrison & Walker 1976) Harrison & Walker 1979 [Howardia Harrison & Walker 1976 non Berlese & Leonardi 1896; Howardia eous Harrison & Walker 1976] (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) – anseriform?

†Paracygnopterus scotti Harrison & Walker 1979 (Early Oligocene of Belgium and England) – anseriform (anatid)?

†"Pararallus" hassenkampi Martini 1967 (Sieblos Dysodil Early Oligocene of Sieblos, Germany)

†Riacama caliginea Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina) – gruiform?

†Smiliornis penetrans Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)– gruiform?

†Teracus littoralis Milne-Edwards 1871 [leracus Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; leracus littoralis Aymard 1856 nomen nudum] (Early Oligocene of France)

†Teleornis impressus Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Argentina)– anatid?

†Pseudolarus guaraniticus Ameghino 1899 (Deseado Early Oligocene – Miocene of Argentina) – gruiform?

Neornithes incerta sedis BMNH PAL 4989 (Hampstead Early Oligocene of Isle of Wight, England) – formerly "Ptenornis" and included in Headonornis; anseriform?

†"Anas" creccoides van Beneden 1871 (Early-mid Oligocene of Belgium) – anseriform?

†"Charadrius" sheppardianus Cope 1881 (Florissant middle Oligocene of Florissant, US) – charadriiform (charadriid?)

†Megagallinula harundinea Kuročkin 1968 (Indricotherium middle Oligocene of Chelkar-Teniz, Kazakhstan)

†"Palaeorallus" alienus Kuročkin 1968 (middle Oligocene of Tatal-Gol, Mongolia)– galliform?

†"Vanellus" selysii van Beneden 1871 (middle Oligocene of Rupelmonde, Belgium) – charadriiform (charadriid)?

†Anserpica kiliani Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004 (Late Oligocene of France) – gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?

†Gnotornis Wetmore 1942 (Brule Late Oligocene of Shannon County, US) – gruiform (aramid)?
†G. aramiellus Wetmore 1942

†G. roardeola

†G. walkeri

†Guguschia nailiae Aslanova & Burčak-Abramovič 1968 (Late Oligocene of Pirəkəşkül, Azerbaijan) – anseriform (anserine)? pelagornithid (same as Caspiodontornis)?

†Tiliornis senex Ameghino 1899 (Late? Oligocene of Argentina)– phoenicopteriform? A nomen dubium

Neornithes incerta sedis QM F40203 (Late Oligocene of Riversleigh, Australia)– gruiform (rallid)?

†Gaviella pusilla Shufeldt 1915 (Oligocene? of Wyoming, US)– gaviiform? plotopterid?

†"Anas" skalicensis Bayer 1882 (Early Miocene of "Skalitz", Czech Republic) - anseriform?

†Chenornis graculoides Portis 1884 (Early Miocene) - Anseriformes (Anatidae) or Pelecaniformes (Phalacrocoracidae)?

†"Propelargus" olseni Brodkorb 1963 (Hawthorne Early Miocene of Tallahassee, US) – ciconiiform?

Neornithes incerta sedis MNHN SA 1259-1263 (Early/Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) – passeriform?

†Anisolornis excavatus Ameghino 1891 (Santa Cruz Middle Miocene of Karaihen, Argentina) – gruiform, galliform, tinamiform?

†"Ardea" perplexa Milne-Edwards 1869 (Middle Miocene of Sansan, France) – ardeid? strigiform?

†"Cygnus herrenthalsi" van Beneden 1871 (Middle Miocene of Belgium)

†"Anas" risgoviensis Ammon 1918 (Late Miocene of Bavaria, Germany) – anseriform?

†"Ardea" aureliensis (Late Miocene of France) – ardeid?

†Eoneornis australis Ameghino 1895 nomen dubium (Miocene of Argentina) – anatid? A nomen dubium

†Eutelornis patagonica Ameghino 1895 (Miocene of Argentina) – anatid?

†Protibis cnemialis Ameghino 1891 (Miocene of Argentina) – ciconiiform (threskiornithid)?

†"Limnatornis" paludicola Milne-Edwards 1871 (Miocene of France) – coliid? phoeniculid?

†"Picus" gaudryi (Miocene of France) – piciform?

†"Ardea" lignitum Giebel 1860 (Late Pliocene of Germany) – ardeid? strigid (genus Bubo)?

†Bathoceleus hyphalus Brodkorb 1959 (Pliocene of New Providence, Bahamas) – picid?

†"Homalopus" Milne-Edwards 1870 non Chevrolat 1837– piciform? Preoccupied by a subgenus of Cryptocephalus leaf beetles described in 1835.

†"Liptornis hesternus" Ameghino 1894 [Liptornis cuvierii] – pelecaniform (pelecanid)? A nomen dubium

†Proceriavis martini Harrison & Walker 1979 – pelagornithid?

†Protopelicanus cuvieri Reichenbach 1852 – pelecaniform (pelecanid)? pelagornithid?

†Eurofluvioviridavis robustipes Mayr 2005a (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

†Cypselomorphae
?
†Archaeotrogonidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)

†Hassiavis laticauda Mayr 1998

†Archaeotrogon
Milne-Edwards 1892 (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)

†Cimolopterygidae Brodkorb 1963 – charadriiform?
†Cimolopteryx Marsh 1892 (Late Cretaceous)
†C. rara Marsh 1890

†C. maxima Brodkorb 1963

†Lamarqueavis Agnolin 2010 (Late Cretaceous)
†L. australis Agnolin 2010

†Cimolopteryx minima
Brodkorb 1963]

†Cimolopteryx petra
Hope 2002]

†Cladornithidae Wetmore 1930 [Cladornithes Wetmore 1960; Cladornidae Ameghino 1895] (pelecaniform?
†Cladornis pachypus Ameghino 1895 (Deseado Early Oligocene of Patagonia, Argentina)

†Eremopezidae
Rothschild 1911 – pelecaniform? ratite?
†Eremopezus eocaenus Andrews 1904 (Late Eocene) - includes Stromeria fajumensis Lambrecht 1929

†Gracilitarsidae Mayr 2001 – close to Sylphornithidae?
Eutreptodactylus itaboraiensis Baird & Vickers-Rich 1997 (Late Paleocene of Brazil) - a nomen dubium

Gracilitarsus mirabilis Mayr 1998 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

Halcyornithidae Harrison & Walker 1972 – psittaciform (= Pseudasturidae?), coraciiform?
†Halcyornis toliapicus (Koenig 1825) Owen 1846 (London Clay Early Eocene of England)

†Cyrilavis Martin 2010 (Green River Early Eocene of C US) - psittaciform (halcyornithid or psittacid)?
†C. olsoni (Feduccia & Martin 1976) Martin 2010 [Primobucco olsoni Feduccia & Martin 1976]

†C. colburnorum Ksepka, Clarke & Grande 2011

†Juncitarsidae Peters 1987
†Kashinia magnum (Harrison & Walker 1976) Harrison & Walker 1979 [Tenuicrus Harrison & Walker 1976 non Womersley 1940; Tenuicrus magnum Harrison & Walker 1976] – phoenicopteriform?

†Juncitarsus Olson & Feduccia 1980 – phoenicopteriform?

Laornithidae
Cracraft 1973 – charadriiform? gruiform? pelagornithid?
Laornis edvardsianus Marsh 1870 [Laopteryx (sic) Kuročkin 1995] (Late Cretaceous?)

†Lonchodytidae Brodkorb 1963
†Lonchodytes estesi Brodkorb 1963 (Late Cretaceous/?Early Palaeocene) – gaviiform/pelecaniform? procellariiform?

†Palaeospizidae – passeriform? coraciiform? coliiform?
†Palaeospiza bella Allen 1878 (Late Eocene of Florissant Fossil Beds, US)

†Parvicuculidae Harrison 1982 – cypselomorph, cuculiform, coraciiform (primobucconid)?
†Parvicuculus minor Harrison & Walker 1977 (Early Eocene of NW Europe)

†Remiornithidae
Martin 1992 (Paleocene of France) – palaeognath?
†Remiornis heberti Lemoine 1881 [Remiornis minor Lydekker 1891]

†Sylphornithidae Mourer-Chauviré 1988 – cuculiform? coraciiform? close to Gracilitarsidae?
†Sylphornis bretouensis Mourer-Chauvire 1988 (middle Eocene of France)

†Oligosylphe mourerchauvireae Mayr & Smith 2002 (Borgloon Early Oligocene of Hoogbutsel, Belgium)

†Tytthostonychidae Olson & Parris 1987 – procellariiform, pelecaniform?
†Tytthostonyx glauconiticus Olson & Parris 1987 (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene)

†Zygodactylidae Brodkorb 1971 [Primoscenidae Harrison 1977]– near passerine
†Eozygodactylus americanus Weidig 2010

†Zygodactylus Ballmann 1969 (Early Oligocene – Middle? Miocene of C Europe)
†Z. ignotus Ballmann 1969

†Z. luberonensis Mayr 2008

†Z. grivensis Ballmann 1969

†Primoscens minutus Harrison & Walker 1977

†Primozygodactylus Mayr 1998
†P. ballmanni Mayr 1998

†P. danielsi Mayr 1998

†P. major Mayr 1998

†P. eunjooae Mayr & Zelenkov 2009

†"
form taxon
, the "transitional shorebirds"
†Limosavis Shufeldt 1915 [Graculavus Marsh 1872 non Marsh 1973] (Late Cretaceous –? Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?
†L. velox (Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933 [Graculavus velox Marsh 1872]

†L. augustus (Hope 1999) [Graculavus augustus Hope 1999]

†Palaeotringa Marsh 1870 (Late Cretaceous/Early Palaeocene) – charadriiform?

†Telmatornis priscus Marsh 1870 [Telmatornis affinis Marsh 1870; Graculavus pumilis Marsh 1872; Palaeotringa vetus Marsh 1870] (Late Cretaceous?) – charadriiform? gruiform? podicipediform?

†Zhylgaia aestiflua Nesov 1988 (Early Paleocene) – presbyornithid?

†Scaniornis lundgreni Dames 1890 (Early/Middle Paleocene) – phoenicopteriform?

†Dakotornis cooperi Erickson 1975 (Paleocene of North Dakota, US)

†Placement unresolved
"Graculavidae" gen. et sp. indet. (Gloucester County, US)

Struthioniformes

Ostrich and related ratites.

Struthionidae Vigors 1825 [†Struthiolithidae Vjalov 1971; †Palaeotididae Houde & Haubold 1987] (ostriches)
†Palaeotis weigelti Lambrecht 1928 [Palaeogrus geiseltalensis Lambrecht 1935; Ornitocnemus geiseltalensis (Lambrecht 1935) Brodkorb 1967] (middle Eocene)

†Remiornis heberti
Lemoine 1881

†Struthio linxiaensis
Hou et al. 2005]

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Struthio Linnaeus 1758 [†Palaeostruthio Burchak-Abramovich 1953; †Struthiolithus Brandt 1873 ootaxa; Struthio (Pachystruthio) Kretzoi 1954a; Megaloscelornis
Lydekker 1879] (Early Miocene – Recent)

Casuariiformes

Cassowaries, emus
and related ratites.

Casuariidae Kaup 1847 [Dromaiidae Huxley 1868; Dramaiinae Gray 1870; Dramiceiidae Richmond 1908; Dramaeidae Newton 1896] (emus and cassowaries)
†Diogenornis fragilis Alvarenga 1983 (Early Eocene) – possible casuariiform

†Emuarius Boles 1992 (emuwaries) (Late Oligocene – Late Miocene)

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Peronista Mathews 1912; Metapteryx
De Vis 1892] (emus) (Middle Miocene – Recent)

Casuarius Brisson 1760 [Cela Moehring 1752 [Oken1816] non Reichenbach 1853 non Illiger 1826; Cela Moehring 1752 nom. rej.; Rhea Lacépède 1800 non Latham 1790; Chelarga Billberg 1828; Oxyporus Brookes 1828 non (Bourdot & Galzin 1925) Donk 1933; Thrasys Billberg 1828; Cassowara Perry 1811; Hippalectryo
Gloger 1842]

Rheiformes

Rheas
and related ratites.

†Opisthodactylidae Ameghino 1895
†Opisthodactylus Ameghino 1895 (Miocene) – rheid?

Rheidae (Bonaparte 1853) [Rheinae Bonaparte 1853] (rheas)
†Heterorhea dabbenei Rovereto 1914 (Pliocene)

†Hinasuri nehuensis Tambussi 1995

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Toujou Lacépède 1801; Tujus
Rafinesque 1815]

†
Dinornithiformes

Moas
.

†Megalapterygidae
- (Upland moas)
†
Palaeocasuarius elegans Rothschild 1907; Palaeocasuarius haasti
Rothschild 1907]

†Dinornithidae
Owen 1843 [Palapteryginae Bonaparte 1854; Palapterygidae Haast 1874; Dinornithnideae Stejneger 1884] (great moas)
†Tylopteryx
Hutton 1891]

†Emeidae
(Bonaparte 1854) [Emeinae Bonaparte 1854; Anomalopterygidae Oliver 1930; Anomalapteryginae Archey 1941] (lesser moas)
†Anomalopteryx didiformis
(Owen 1844) Reichenbach 1853 (Little bush moas)

†Emeus crassus
(Owen 1846) Reichenbach 1853 (Eastern moas)

†Euryapteryx
Haast 1874 (Broad-billed or turkey moas)

†Pachyornis Lydekker 1891 (Stout moas)

Two unnamed
Saint Bathans Fauna species.^[17]

Apterygiformes

Apterygidae
Gray 1840 [Apteryginae Gray 1840] (Kiwis)
†Proapteryx micromeros Worthy et al. 2013

†
Lithornithiformes
Houde 1988

†Lithornithidae Houde 1988 (False tinamous)
†Fissuravis weigelti Mayr 2007

†Pseudocrypturus cercanaxius Houde 1988 (Green River Early/middle Eocene of C US)

†Paracathartes howardae Harrison 1979

†
Promusophaga Harrison & Walker 1977; Pediorallus Harrison 1984; Parvigyps
Harrison & Walker 1977] (Paleocene – Early Eocene)

Tinamiformes

Tinamidae
Gray 1840 [Crypturidae Bonaparte 1831; Tinamotidae Bonaparte 1854; Eudromiidae Bonaparte 1854; Rhynchotidae von Boetticher 1934] (tinamous)
†Querandiornis romani Rusconi 1958 (Ensenada Early/Middle Pleistocene of Argentina)

†Roveretornis Brodkorb 1961

Tinamidae gen. et sp. indet. MACN-SC Fleagle Collection (Early – Middle Miocene of S Argentina) - at least 2 species

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Eudromias Boie 1832; Calodromas Sclater & Salvin 1873 non Calodromus Guein 1832; Calopezus Ridgway 1884; Tinamisornis Rovereto 1914; Roveretornis
Brodkorb 1961]

Nothura Wagler 1827 [†Cayetanornis Brodkorb 1963]

Crypturellus Brabourne & Chubb 1914 [Microcrypturus Chubb 1917; Crypturornis Oberholser 1922; Orthocrypturus Miranda-Ribeiro 1937]

Vegaviiformes

†Neogaeornis wetzeli Lambrecht 1929 (Late Cretaceous)

†Polarornis gregorii Chatterjee 2002 (Late Cretaceous)

†Vegavis iaai Clarke et al. 2005 (Late Cretaceous)

†Maaqwi cascadensis McLachlan, Kaiser, & Longrich, 2017 (Late Cretaceous)

†Australornis lovei Mayr & Scofield, 2014 (Paleocene)

Anseriformes

Dromornis

Genyornis

The group that includes modern
geese
.

Basal and unresolved forms
†Nettapterornis
Mlikovsky 2002] (Late Cretaceous/Early Paleocene– Early Eocene)– anseranatid or basal.
†A. rex
(Shufeldt 1915) Olson & Parris 1987 [Telmatornis rex Shufeldt 1915]

†
A. oxfordi Olson 1999 [Nettapterornis oxfordi
(Olson 1999) Mlikovskmiy 2002]

†Romainvillia stehlini Lebedinský 1927 (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)– anseranatide or anatide

†Saintandrea chenoides Mayr & De Pietri 2013

†Proherodius oweni Lydekker 1891 (Early Eocene) – presbyornithid?

†Paranyroca magna Miller & Compton 1939 (Early Miocene) – anatide or own family?

†Garganornis ballmanni Meijer 2014

Anhimidae
Stejneger 1885 [Palamedeinae Bonaparte 1831; Palamedeidae Gray 1840] (screamers
†Chaunoides antiquus Alvarenga 1999

†Dromornithidae Fürbringer 1888 – Australian mihirungs or "demon ducks"
†Barawertornis tedfordi Rich 1979 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)

†Bullockornis planei
Rich 1979 (Demon-Duck of Doom) (Middle Miocene)

†Ilbandornis Rich 1979 (Late Miocene)
†I. woodburnei
Rich 1979

†I. lawsoni
Rich 1979

†Dromornis Owen 1872 (Late Miocene – Pliocene)
†D. australis
Owen 1872

†D. stirtoni
Rich 1979 (Stirton's Thunder Birds)

Anseranatidae Sclater 1880 sensu Stejneger 1885 (magpie-geese
†Eoanseranas handae Worthy & Scanlon 2009 (Hand's Dawn Magpie Goose)

Anseranatidae gen. et sp. nov (Late Oligocene)

†Presbyornithidae Wetmore 1926 [Telmabatidae Howard 1955]
†Teviornis gobiensis Kuročkin, Dyke & Karhu 2002 (Late Cretaceous)

†Headonornis hantoniensis (Lydekker 1891) Harrison & Walker 1976 [Agnopterus hantoniensis Lydekker 1891; Presbyornis hantoniensis (Lydekker 1891) Bocheński 1997; Ptenornis] – only BMNH PAL 30325 belongs to this bird, may belong to Presbyornis.

†Presbyornis Wetmore 1926 [Nautilornis Wetmore 1926; Coltonia Hardy 1959] (Paleocene– Early Oligocene)
†P. isoni Olson 1994

†P. mongoliensis Kuročkin & Dyke 2010

†P. recurvirostrus (Hardy 1959) Ericson 2000 [Coltonia recurvirostra Hardy 1959]

†P. pervetus Wetmore 1926 [Nautilornis avus Wetmore 1926; Nautilornis proavitus Wetmore 1926]

†Telmabates Howard 1955
†T. antiquus
Howard 1955

†T. howardae Cracraft 1970

†Wilaru Boles et al. 2013
†W. tedfordi Boles et al. 2013

†W. prideauxi Vanesa et al. 2016

Anatidae Leach 1820 [Cnemiornithidae Stejneger 1855; Cygnidae Kaup 1850 fide Gray; Anseridae Kaup 1850 fide Gray; Cereopsidae Kaup 1850 fide Gray; Fuligulidae Carus 1868; Merganidae Swainson 1837; Mergidae Gray 1840 fide 1871; Plectropteridae Carus; Erismaturidae Carus 1868; Tadornidae Carus 1868] (ducks, geese and swans)
†Allgoviachen tortonica Mayr, Lechner & Böhme, 2022 (Late Miocene)

†Annakacygna Matsuoka & Hasegawa 2022 (Late Miocene)
†A. hajimei Matsuoka & Hasegawa 2022

†A. yoshiiensis Matsuoka & Hasegawa 2022

†Bonibernicla ponderosa Kuročkin 1985 [Branta woolfendeni Bickart 1990]

†Eonessa anaticula Wetmore 1938 (Middle Eocene)

†Cygnavus (Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)
†C. senckenbergi Lambrecht 1931

†C. formosus Korochkin 1968

†Cygnopterus Lambrecht 1931 (middle Oligocene – Early Miocene)– sometimes included in Cygnavus
†C. neogradiensis Kessler & Hir 2009

†C. affinis (Beneden 1883) Lambrecht 1931 [Sula affinis Beneden 1883; Palaeopapia hamsteadiensis Harrison & Walker 1979b]

†Mionetta Livezey & Martin 1988 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
†M. robusta (Milne-Edwards 1868) Mlíkovský 2002 [Anas robusta Milne-Edwards, 1868; Anserobranta robusta (Milne-Edwards 1868) Cheneval 1987]

†M. arvernensis (Lydekker 1891a) [Aythya arvernensis (Lydekker 1891a) Brodkorb 1964; Fuligula arvernensis Lydekker, 1891a]

†M. blanchardi (Milne-Edwards 1863) Livezey & Martin 1988 [Anas blanchardi Milne-Edwards 1863; Palaeortyx phasianoides Milne-Edwards 1869; Anas macroptera Milne-Edwards 1871 Nomen nudum; Taoperdix phasianoides (Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1964; Dendrochen blanchardi (Milne-Edwards 1863) Cheneval 1983b]

†M. consobrina (Milne-Edwards 1867) Livezey & Martin 1988 [Anas consobrina Milne-Edwards 1867; Dendrochen consobrina (Milne-Edwards 1867) Cheneval 1983b]

†M. natator (Milne-Edwards 1867) Livezey & Martin 1988 [Anas natator Milne-Edwards 1867; Querquedula natator (Milne-Edwards 1867) Brodkorb 1962; Dendrochen natator (Milne-Edwards 1867) Cheneval 1983b]

†Notochen bannockburnensis
Worthy et al., 2022 (Early Miocene)

†Australotadorna alecwilsoni Worthy 2009 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)

†Pinpanetta Worthy 2009 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)
†P. tedfordi Worthy 2009

†P. vickersrichae Worthy 2009

†P. fromensis Worthy 2009

†Dunstanetta johnstoneorum Worthy et al. 2007 (Johnstone's ducks) (Early/Middle Miocene)

†Manuherikia
Worthy et al. 2007 (Early/Middle Miocene)
†M. lacustrina
Worthy et al. 2007 (Manuherikia duck)

†M. minuta
Worthy et al. 2007 (Minute Manuherikia duck)

†M. douglasi
Worthy et al. 2008 (Douglas' duck)

†Matanas enrighti Worthy et al. 2007 (Enright's ducks) (Early/Middle Miocene)

†Miotadorna Worthy et al. 2007 (Early/Middle Miocene)
†M. sanctibathansi Worthy et al. 2007 (St. Bathans shelducks) (Early/Middle Miocene)

†M. catrionae Tennyson et al. 2022 (Catriona's shelduck) (late Early/early Middle Miocene) (synonym of M. sanctibathansi)

†Megalodytes morejohni Howard 1992 (Middle Miocene)

†Sinanas diatomas Yeh 1980 (Middle Miocene)

†Dendrochen Miller 1944 (Late Miocene)
†D. integra (Miller 1944) Cheneval 1987 [Querquedula integra Miller 1944; Anas integra (Miller 1944); Spatula integra (Miller 1944)]

†D. oligocaena (Tugarinov 1940) [Anas oligocaena Tugarinov 1940]

†D. robusta Miller 1944

†Presbychen abavus Wetmore 1930 (Late Miocene)

†Afrocygnus chauvireae Louchart et al. 2005 (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)

†Balcanas pliocaenica (Early Pliocene) – may belong in Tadorna

†Wasonaka yepomerae Howard 1966 (Middle Pliocene)

†Paracygnus plattensis Short 1969 (Late Pliocene)

†Anabernicula Ross 1935 (Late Pliocene? – Late Pleistocene)
†A. minuscula (Wetmore 1924) [Branta minuscula Wetmore 1924] (Late Pliocene of Benson, Arizona)

†A. oregonensis Howard 1964b

†A. gracilenta Ross 1935

†Eremochen russelli Brodkorb 1961 (Pliocene)

†Tirarinetta kanunka Worthy 2008 (Pliocene)

†Brantadorna Howard 1964 (Middle Pleistocene)
†B. downsi Howard 1964

†B. robusta (Short 1970) Livezey 1997 [Anabernicula robusta Short 1970]

†Nannonetta invisitata Campbell 1979 (Late Pleistocene)

†Aldabranas cabri Harrison & Walker 1978 (Late Pleistocene)

†Ankonetta larriestrai Cenizo & Agnolín 2010

†Cayaoa bruneti Tonni 1979

†Chenoanas Zelenkov 2012
†C. asiatica Zelenkov et al. 2018^[18]

†C. deserta Zelenkov 2012

†C. sansaniensis (Milne-Edwards 1867) (Middle Miocene of Siberia and Late Miocene of France)^[18]

†Helonetta brodkorbi Emslie 1992

†Mioquerquedula minutissima Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2012 [Anas velox Milne-Edwards 1867; Anas meyerii Milne-Edwards, 1868; Nettion velox (Milne-Edwards 1868) Brodkorb 1964; Aythya meyerii (Milne-Edwards 1868) Brodkorb 1964] (Middle – Late? Miocene)

†Proanser major Umanskaya 1979

†Shiriyanetta hasegawai Watanabe & Matsuoka 2015

†Pleistoanser bravardi Agnolín 2006

†Lavadytis pyrenae Stidham & Hilton 2015

†Asiavis phosphatica Nesov 1986

†Nogusunna conflictoides Zelenkov 2011

†Sharganetta mongolica Zelenkov 2011

†Protomelanitta Zelenkov 2011
†P. gracilis Zelenkov 2011

†P. shihuibas (Hou 1985) Zelenkov 2012 [Aythya shihuibas Hou 1985]

†Anas lignitifila
Portis 1884] (Early Pliocene of Monte Bamboli, Italy)

†Heteroanser vicinus (Kuročkin 1976) Zelenkov 2012 [Heterochen vicinus Kuročkin 1976; Anser vicinus (Kuročkin 1976) Mlíkovský & Švec 1986]

Placement unresolved
†"Anas" albae Jánossy 1979 (Late Miocene) – formerly in Mergus

†"Anas" amotape Campbell 1979

†"Anas" eppelsheimensis Lambrecht 1933 (Early Pliocene)

†"Anas" isarensis Lambrecht 1933 (Late Miocene)

†"Anas" luederitzensis (Early Miocene)

†"Anas" sanctaehelenae Campbell 1979

†"Anser" scaldii [Anser scaldii Beneden 1872 nomen nudum; "Anas" scaldii] (Late Miocene)

†"Aythya" chauvirae (Middle Miocene) – 2 species

†"Chenopis" nanus De Vis 1905 (Pleistocene) – at least 2 taxa, may be living species

†"Cygnopterus" alphonsi Cheneval 1984

†"
Oxyura
" doksana Mlíkovský 2002 (Early Miocene)

†"cf. Megalodytes" (Middle Miocene)

†Anatidae gen. et sp. indet. MNZ S42797 (Early/Middle Miocene)

†Anatidae gen. et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene)

†Anatidae gen. et spp. indet. (Late Miocene)

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Biziura Stephens 1824
†B. exhumata DeVis 1889

†B. delautouri
Forbes 1892 [Biziura lobata delautouri (Forbes 1892)] (New Zealand musk duck)

Dendrocygna

†D. eversa Wetmore 1924

†D. valdipinnis DeVis 1888

†D. soporata (Kuročkin 1976) Mlíkovský & Švec 1986 [Anas soporata Kuročkin 1976]

Somateria
(middle Oligocene – Recent)

Bucephala

†B. cereti
Boeuf & Mourer-Chauviré 1992

Clangula

†C. matraensis
Kessler 2009

Aix

†A. praeclara
Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2012

Cygnus

†C. mariae
Bickart 1990

†
C. csakvarensis (Lambrecht 1933) Mlíkovský 1992 [Cygnus csákvárensis Lambrecht 1931a nomen nudum; Cygnanser csakvarensis (Lambrecht 1933) Kretzoi 1957; Olor csakvarensis
(Lambrecht 1933) Mlíkovský 1992b]

†
C. liskunae (Kuročkin 1976) [Anser liskunae
Kuročkin 1976]

†
C. atavus (Fraas 1870) Mlíkovský 1992 [Anas atava Fraas 1870; Anas cygniformis Fraas 1870; Palaelodus steinheimensis Fraas 1870; Anser atavus (Fraas 1870) Lambrecht 1933; Anser cygniformis
(Fraas 1870) Lambrecht 1933]

†C. paloregonus Cope 1878 [Anser condoni Schufeldt 1892; Cygnus matthewi Schufeldt 1913]

†C. hibbardi
Brodkorb 1958

†
C. lacustris (De Vis 1905) [Archaeocygnus lacustris
De Vis 1905]

†C. verae
Boev 2000

Chloephaga
†C. robusta Tambussi 1998

Histrionicus

†
Histrionicus shotwelli (Brodkorb 1961) [Ocyplonessa shotwelli
Brodkorb 1961]

Mergus
†M. connectens Jánossy 1972

†M. minor Kessler 2009

†M. miscellus Alvarez & Olson 1978

Anas
†A. elapsa DeVis 1888 [Nettion elapsum (DeVis 1888)] (Chinchilla Late Pleistocene of Condamine River, Australia) ("Nettion")

†A. gracilipes DeVis 1905 [Nettion gracilipes (DeVis 1905)] (Late Pleistocene of Australia) ("Nettion")

†A. moldovica (Late Pliocene of Tchichmiknaia, Moldova?Georgia?)

†A. strenuum (Late Pleistocene of Patteramordu, Australia) ("Nettion")

†A. kisatibiensis [Anser kisatibiensis] (Early Pliocene of Kisatibi, Georgia)

†A. lambrechti (Spillman 1942) [Archeoquerquedula lambrechti Spillman 1942; Archaeoquerquedula (sic) lambrechti Stephens; Querquedula lambrechti (Spillman 1942)](Late? Pleistocene of Santa Elena peninsula, Ecuador)

†A. itchtucknee McCoy 1963

†A. kurochkini Zelenkov & Panteleyev 2015

†A. pullulans (Brodkorb 1961)

†A. schneideri Emslie 1985

†A. bunkeri (Wetmore 1944) [Nettion bunkeri Wetmore 1944]

†A. greeni (Brodkorb 1964) [Nettion greeni Brodkorb 1964]

†A. ogallalae (Brodkorb 1962) [Nettion ogallalae Brodkorb 1962]

†A. cheuen Agnolín 2006

Anser

†A. arenosus
Bickart 1990

†A. arizonae
Bickart 1990

†A. azerbaidzhanicus
Serebrovsky 1940

†A. devjatkini
Kuročkin 1971

†A. djuktaiensis
Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2014

†A. eldaricus
Burchak-Abramovich & Gadzyev 1978

†
A. oeningensis (Meyer 1865) Milne-Edwards 1867b [Anas oeningensis
Meyer 1865]

†
A. pratensis (Short 1970) [Heterochen pratensis
Short 1970]

†A. tchikoicus
Kuročkin 1985

†A. thompsoni
Martin & Mengel 1980

†A. thraceiensis
Burchak-Abramovich & Nikolov 1984

†
A. pressa (Brodkorb 1964) [Chen pressa
Brodkorb 1964] (Dwarf Snow goose)

†A. udabnensis
Burchak-Abramovich 1957

Aythya
†A. chauvirae Cheneval 1987

†A. denesi (Kessler 2013) Zelenkov 2016 [Anas denesi Kessler 2013]

†A. effodiata (DeVis 1905) [Nyroca effodiata DeVis 1905]

†A. magna Kuročkin 1985

†A. molesta (Kuročkin 1985) Zelenkov 1985 [Anas molesta Kuročkin 1985]

†A. reclusa (DeVis 1888) [Nyroca reclusa DeVis 1888]

†A. robusta (DeVis 1888) [Nyroca robusta DeVis 1888]

†A. spatiosa Kuročkin 1976

Branta
†B. dickey Miller 1924

†B. esmeralda Burt 1929

†B. howardae Miller 1930

†B. hypsibata (Cope 1878) [Anser hypsibata Cope 1878]

†B. propinqua Schufeldt 1892

†B. thessaliensis Boev & Koufos 2006

Oxyura

†O. bessomi
Howard 1963

†O. hulberti
Emslie 1992

†O. zapatanima
Alvarez 1977

Chendytes
†O. milleri Howard 1955 (Early Pleistocene of San Nicolás Island US)

Lophodytes
(Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Neochen
†N. barbadiana Brodkorb 1965

†N. debilis (Ameghino 1891) [Chenalopex debilis Ameghino 1891]

†N. pugil (Winge 1888) [Chenalopex pugil Winge 1888]

Tadorna
†T. minor Kessler & Hir 2012

†T. petrina Kuročkin 1985

Galliformes

The group that includes
domestic chickens
and their relatives.

Placement unresolved
†Archaealectrornis sibleyi Crowe & Short 1992 (Oligocene) - phasianid?

†Archaeophasianus Lambrecht 1933 (Oligocene? - Late Miocene) - tetraonid or phasianid
†A. mioceanus (Shufeldt 1915) [Phasianus mioceanus Shufeldt 1915]

†A. roberti (Stone 1915) [Phasianus roberti Stone 1915]

†
Pedioecetes phasianellus (Linnaeus 1758) Shufeldt 1915; Tetrao phasianellus
Linnaeus 1758] - (Late Cretaceous) tentatively placed here;

†Chambiortyx cristata Mourer-Chauviré et al. 2013

†"Cyrtonyx" tedfordi (Miller 1952) (Late Miocene)

†Linquornis gigantis Yeh 1980 (middle Miocene)

†Namaortyx sperrgebietensis Mourer-Chauviré, Pickford & 2011

†Palaealectoris incertus Wetmore 1930 (Early Miocene) - tetraonid?

†Palaeoalectoris songlinensis Hou 1987 (middle Miocene)

†Palaeonossax senectus Wetmore 1956 (Late Oligocene) - cracid?

†Palaeortyx Milne-Edwards 1869 [Palaeoperdix Milne-Edwards 1869; Proalector Brodkorb 1964] (middle Eocene -? Early Pliocene) - phasianid or odontophorid
†P. media Milne-Edwards 1871 (nomen nudum)

†P. volans Göhlich & Pavia 2008

†P. gallica Milne-Edwards 1869 non Lydekker 1891 [Rallus dasypus Milne-Edwards 1892; Quercyrallus dasypus (Milne-Edwards) Lambrecht 1933; Taoperdix gallica (Milne-Edwards) Brodkorb 1964; ?Palaeortyx intermedia Ballmann 1969b; Coturnix gallica (Milne-Edwards) Mlýkovský 2002a]

†P. brevipes Milne-Edwards 1869 emend. Paris 1912 [Palaeortyx ocyptera Milne-Edwards 1892; Palaeortyx grivensis Lydekker 1893 non Ballmann 1969a; Plioperdix grivensis (Lydekker 1893) Brodkorb 1964; Palaeortyx cayluxensis Lydekker 1891 non Milne-Edwards 1892 emend. Gaillard 1908; Taoperdix brevipes (Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1964]

†P. prisca (Milne-Edwards 1869) [Alectoris prisca (Milne-Edwards 1869) Mlýkovský 2002a; Palaeoperdix prisca Milne-Edwards 1869 emend. Göhlich & Mourer-Chauviré 2005; Palaeoperdix sansaniensis Milne-Edwards 1869; Palaeocryptonyx grivensis Ennouchi 1930]

†P. phasianoides Milne-Edwards 1869 [Palaeoperdix longipes Milne-Edwards 1869; Palaeortyx longipes (Milne-Edwards 1869) Mlíkovský 2000e; Coturnix longipes (Milne-Edwards 1869) Mlíkovský 2002; Palaeocryptonyx gaillardia Ennouchi 1930; Proalector gaillardia (Ennouchi 1930) Brodkorb 1964; Palaeortyx phasianoides grivensis Ballmann 1969a non Lydekker 1893b; Taoperdix phasianoides (Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1964]

†P. joleaudi Ennouchi 1930 [Plioperdix joleaudi (Ennouchi 1930) Brodkorb 1964; Palaeortyx depereti Ennouchi 1930; Plioperdix depereti (Ennouchi 1930) Brodkorb 1964]

†Procrax brevipes Tordoff & Macdonald 1957 (middle Eocene? - Early Oligocene) - cracid? gallinuloidid?

†Shandongornis Yeh 1997 (middle Miocene)
†S. shanwanensis Yeh 1997

†S. yinansis Hou 2003

†Sobniogallus albinojamrozi Tomek et al. 2014

†Taoperdix Milne-Edwards 1869 (Late Oligocene) - gallinuloidid?
†T. pesseiti (Gervais 1862) [Tetrao pessieti Gervais 1862]

†T. miocaena (Gaillard 1939) Ballmann 1969 [Palaeortyx miocaena Gaillard 1939]

Galliformes gen. et sp. indet. MCZ 342506 (Oligocene) - formerly in Gallinuloides; phasianid?

†Gallinuloididae Lucas 1900
†Gallinuloides wyomingensis Eastman 1900 (Early/middle Eocene)

†Paraortygoides Mayr 2000 (London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze, England – middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)
†P. messelensis Mayr 2000

†P. radagasti Dyke & Gulas 2002

†Paraortygidae Mourer-Chauviré 1992
†Pirortyx major (Gaillard 1939) Brodkorb 1964 [Palaeortyx major Gaillard 1939]

†Scopelortyx klinghardtensis Mourer-Chauviré, Pickford & Senut 2015

†Paraortyx Gaillard 1908 sensu Brodkorb 1964
†P. lorteti Gaillard 1908 [Palaeortyx cayluxensis Lydekker 1891; Palaeortyx gaillardi Lambrecht 1933; Ludiortyx gaillardi (Lambrecht 1933) Brodkorb 1964]

†P. brancoi Gaillard 1908

†Quercymegapodiidae Mourer-Chauviré 1992
†Taubacrex granivora dAlvarenga 1988 (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Brazil)

†Ameripodius Alvarenga 1995 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene of Brazil and France)
†A. silvasantosi Alvarenga 1995

†A. alexis Mourer-Chauviré 2000

†Quercymegapodius Mourer-Chauviré 1992 (middle Eocene – Early Oligocene)
†Q. depereti (Gaillard 1908) [Palaeocryptonyx depereti Gaillard 1908]

†Q. brodkorbi Mourer-Chauviré 1992

Megapodidae
– megapodes
†Ngawupodius minya Boles & Ivison 1999

Prehistoric species of extant genera
†Leipoa gallinacea
– formerly Chosornis, Palaeopelargus, Progura

Cracidae – guans and curassows
†Boreortalis laesslei Brodkorb 1954 (Early Miocene) – may be same as Ortalis

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Ortalis
(Early Miocene – Recent)
†O. affinis
Feduccia & Wilson 1967

†O. phengites
Wetmore 1923

†O. pollicaris
Miller 1944

†O. tantala
Wetmore 1933

Odontophoridae
– New World quails
†Nanortyx inexpectatus Weigel 1963 (Cypress Hills Early Oligocene of North Calf Creek, Canada)

†Neortyx peninsularis Holman 1961 (Early Pleistocene of Reddick, US)

†Miortyx Miller 1944 (Rosebud Early Miocene of Flint Hill, US)
†M. teres Miller 1944

†M. aldeni Howard 1966

Placement unresolved
Odontophoridae gen. et sp. indet. KUVP 9393 (White River Early/middle Oligocene of Logan County, US)

Prehistoric species of extant genera
†Cyrtonyx cooki Gutierrez et al. 1981 (Late Miocene? of Upper Sheep Creek, US)

†Callipepla shotwelli (Brodkorb 1958) [Lophortyx shotwelli Brodkorb 1958] (Middle Pliocene of McKay Reservoir, US)

†Colinus hibbardi Wetmore 1944 (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, US)

†Colinus suilium Brodkorb 1959 (Early Pleistocene of SE US)

†Colinus sp. (Late Pliocene of Benson, US)

†Dendrortyx? sp. (Late Pleistocene of San Josecito Cavern, Mexico)

Phasianidae – pheasants, quails, partridges, grouse and turkeys
†Bantamyx georgicus Kuročkin 1982

†Centuriavis lioae Ksepka et al., 2022

†Diangallus mious Hou 1985

†Lophogallus naranbulakensis Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2010

†Megalocoturnix cordoni Sánchez Marco 2009 (Early Pliocene of Layna, Spain)

†Miophasianus Brodkorb 1952 [Miophasianus Lambrecht 1933 nomen nudum; Miogallus Lambrecht 1933]
†M. maxima (Lydekker 1893) Brodkorb 1964 [Palaeortyx maxima Lydekker 1893]

†M. altus (Milne-Edwards 1869) Villalta & Crusafont 1950 [Phasianus altus Milne-Edwards 1869; Miogallus altus (Milne-Edwards 1869) Mlíkovský 2002; Phasianus Desnoyersii Milne-Edwards 1869; Ardea similis Fraas 1870; Tantalus milne-edwardsii Shufeldt 1896; Pseudotantalus Milne-Edwardsi (Shufeldt 1896) Sharpe; Gallus longaevus Ammon 1918; Phasianus augustus Ammon 1918; Botaurites similis (Fraas 1870) Lambrecht 1933; Miophasianus augustus (Ammon 1918) Lambrecht 1933; Miophasianus desnoyersii (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933; Miogallus longaevus (Ammon 1918) Lambrecht 1933; Proardea similis (Ammon 1870) Gaillard 1939; Ibis milne-edwardsi (Shufeldt 1896) Brodkorb 1963c]

†M. medius (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933 [Phasianus medius Milne-Edwards 1869; Palaeoperdix medius (Milne-Edwards 1869) Cheneval 2000]

†Proagriocharis kimballensis Martin & Tate 1970 (Kimball Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lime Creek, US)

†Palaeocryptonyx Depéret 1892 [Chauvireria Boev 1997; Pliogallus Tugarinov 1940b non Gaillard 1939; Lambrechtia Janossy 1974] (Late Pliocene of SW Europe)
†P. donnezani Depéret 1892 [Francolinus Čapeki Lambrecht 1933; Pliogallus coturnoides Tugarinov 1940b; Plioperdix coturnoides (Tugarinov 1940b) Kretzoi 1955b; Francolinus capeki wenzensis Jánossy 1974a; Francolinus capeki villányiensis Jánossy 1974a; Francolinus (Lambrechtia) capeki (Lambrecht 1933) Jánossy 1974a; Alectoris baryosefi Tchernov 1980; Francolinus wezensis (Jánossy 1974a) Jánossy 1981; Plioperdix capeki (Lambrecht 1933) Mlíkovský 1995b; Alectoris donnezani (Depéret 1892) Mlíkovský 2002; Chauvireria balcanica Boev 1997a]

†P. grivensis Ennouchi 1930

†P. novaki Sánchez Marco 2009

†P. edwardsi (Depéret 1887) Ballmann 1969a [Palaeortyx edwardsi Depéret 1887; Palaeortyx miocaena Gaillard 1939; Taoperdix miocaena (Gaillard 1939) Ballmann 1969; Palaeoperdix edwardsi (Depéret 1887) Brodkorb 1964; Alectoris edwardsi (Depéret 1887) Mlíkovský 2002]

†P. minor (Jánossy 1974) [Francolinus minor Jánossy 1974; Ammoperdix ponticus Tugarinov 1940b; Pliogallus ponticus (Tugarinov 1940); Plioperdix ponticus (Tugarinov 1940) Kuročkin 1985; Francolinus (Lambrechtia) minor Jánossy 1974a]

†P. subfrancolinus (Jánossy 1976b) [Francolinus subfrancolinus Jánossy 1976b; Plioperdix subfrancolinus (Jánossy 1976b) Mlíkovský 1995b]

†Pliogallus Běljajeva 1948
†P. coturnoides Běljajeva 1948

†P. csarnotanus Kessler & Horváth 2022

†Plioperdix Kretzoi 1955 [Pliogallus Gaillard 1939 non Tugarinov 1940]
†P. crassipes (Gaillard 1939) [Pliogallus crassipes Gaillard 1939]

†P. kormosi (Gaillard 1939) [Pliogallus kormosi Gaillard 1939]

†P. africana Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads 2010

†P. hungarica (Jánossy 1991) Zelenkov & Panteleyev 2014 [Palaeocryptonyx hungaricus Jánossy 1991]

†Rustaviornis georgicus Burchak-Abramovich & Meladze 1972

†Rhegminornis calobates Wetmore 1943 (Early Miocene of Bell, US)

†Schaubortyx keltica (Eastman 1905) Brodkorb 1964 [Taoperdix keltica Eastman 1905] (middle Eocene – Early Oligocene)

†Shandongornis Yeh 1997
†S. shanwanensis Yeh 1997

†S. yinansis Hou 2003

†Shanxiornis fenyinis Wang et al. 2006

†Tologuica Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2009 (Middle Miocene of Sharga, Mongolia)
†T. aurorae Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2009

†T. karhui Zelenkov & Kuročkin 2009

Placement unresolved
Tetraoninae gen. et sp. indet. (Sajóvölgyi Middle Miocene of Mátraszõlõs, Hungary)

Meleagridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Westmoreland County, US)

"Tympanchus" stirtoni Miller 1944 (Early Miocene of South Dakota)

"Tympanuchus" lulli Shuefeldt 1915 (Pleistocene? of New Jersey)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Coturnix (Late Oligocene – Recent)

Bambusicola
(Late Miocene – Recent)
†
B. dalianensis (Hou 1990) [Tetrastes dalianensis
Hou 1990]

†B. nini
Sánchez Marco 2009

†
B. praebonasia (Jánossy 1974) Bocheński 1991 [Tetrastes praebonasia
Jánossy 1974]

Phasianus (Late Miocene)
†P. lufengia Hou 1985

†P. yanshansis Huang & Hou 1984

Crossoptilon

†C. jiai
Hou 1982

Lophura

†L. wayrei
Harrison & Walker 1982

Gallus
(Late Miocene/Early Pliocene – Recent)
†G. aesculapii
Jánossy 1976

†G. beremendensis
Jánossy 1977

†G. georgicus

†G. imereticus

†G. karabachensis
Baryšnikov & Potapova 1995 (Giant junglefowl)

†G. kudarensis
Burčak-Abramovič & Potapova

†G. meschtscheriensis

†G. tamanensis

Lagopus (Early? Pliocene – Recent)
†L. atavus Jánossy 1974

†L. balcanicus Boev 1995

†L. lagopus noaillensis Mourer-Chauviré 1975

†L. muta correzensis Mourer-Chauviré 1975

Meleagris
(Early Pliocene – Recent)
†M. celer
Marsh 1872

†M. tridens
Wetmore 1931

†
M. progenes (Brodkorb 1964) [Agriocharis progenes
Brodkorb 1964]

†M. leopoldi

†
M. anza (Howard 1963) [Agriocharis anza
Howard 1963]

†M. crassipes
Rea 1980

Pavo
(Early Pliocene – Recent)
†
P. bravardi (Gervais 1849) [Gallus moldovicus
Abramovich, Ganea & Shushpanov 1993]

Tetrao (Early Pliocene – Recent)
†T. conjugens Jánossy 1974

†T. macropus Jánossy 1976

†T. partium (Kretzoi 1962)

†T. praeurogallus Jánossy 1969

†T. rhodopensis Boev 1998

Lyrurus
†Lyrurus tetrix longipes

Francolinus (Late Pliocene – Recent)
†F. capeki Jánossy 1974

†F. villanyiensis Jánossy 1974

†F. wenzensis Jánossy 1974

Perdix (Early Pleistocene – Recent)
†P. inferna (Kurochkin 1985) [Lophura inferna Kuročkin 1985]

†P. margaritae Kuročkin 1985

†P. palaeoperdix Mourer-Chauviré 1975

Syrmaticus
†S. kozlovae Kuročkin 1985

Bonasa
(Early/Middle Pleistocene – Recent)
†
B. dalianensis (Hou 1990) [Tetrastes dalianensis
Hou 1990]

†B. nini
Sánchez Marco 2009

†
B. praebonasia (Jánossy 1974) Bocheński 1991 [Tetrastes praebonasia
Jánossy 1974]

Dendragapus (Late Pleistocene – Recent)
†D. gilli (Brodkorb 1964) [Palaeotetrix gilli Brodkorb 1964]

†D. lucasi Jehl 1969

Alectoris
†A. baryosefi Tchernov 1980

†A. bavarica Ballmann 1969

†A. peii Hou 1982

Charadriiformes

shorebirds

Basal and unresolved taxa
Charadriiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Cretaceous) – burhinid? basal?

"Morsoravis" (Late Paleocene/Early Eocene) – a nomen nudum?

Jiliniornis (middle Eocene) – charadriid?

Boutersema (Early Oligocene) – glareolid?

Turnipax (Early Oligocene) – turnicid?

Elorius (Early Miocene)

"Larus desnoyersii (Early Miocene of SE France) – larid? stercorarid?

"Larus pristinus (John Day Early Miocene of Willow Creek, US) – larid?

Charadriiformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) – several species, 1 probably larid

Charadriiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)

"Totanus" teruelensis (Late Miocene of Los Mansuetos, Spain) – scolopacid? larid?

"Actitis" balcanica (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria) – scolopacid? charadriid?

Scolopacidae
– waders and snipes
Paractitis (Early Oligocene)

Mirolia (Middle Miocene)

Placement unresolved
Scolopacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle – Late Miocene)

Scolopacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Limosa
(Late Eocene? – Recent)

Tringa (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene? – Recent) – includes Totanus

Gallinago (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene – Recent)

Scolopax
(Early/Middle Pliocene? – Recent)

Phalaropus
(Middle Pliocene – Recent)

Actitis (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Numenius
(Late Pleistocene – Recent) – includes Palnumenius

Jacanidae – jacanas
Nupharanassa (Early Oligocene)

Janipes

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Jacana farrandi

Laridae – gulls
Laridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Oligocene)

Laricola (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene) – larid? Formerly "Larus" elegans and "L." totanoides

Gaviota
Miller & Sibley 1941 non Fischer 1983 (Middle/Late Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Larus (Middle Miocene – Recent)

Alcidae
– auks
Hydrotherikornis (Late Eocene)

Pseudocepphus (Middle – Late Miocene)

Petralca (Early –? Late Oligocene)

Miocepphus (Middle Miocene)

Alcodes
(Late Miocene)

Praemancalla
(Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)

Mancalla (Late Miocene – Early Pleistocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Cepphus (Late Miocene – Recent)

Cerorhinca (Late Miocene – Recent)

Uria (Late Miocene – Recent)

Aethia (Late Miocene – Recent)

Alca (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene – Recent)

Synthliboramphus (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene – Recent)

Fratercula
(Early Pliocene – Recent)

Pinguinus
(Early Pliocene – Recent)

Brachyramphus (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Ptychoramphus
(Late Pliocene – Recent)

Stercorariidae
– skuas and jaegers
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Stercorarius
sp. (Middle Miocene)

Stercorarius shufeldti (Fossil Lake Middle Pleistocene of WC US)

Prehistoric subspecies of extant species
Stercorarius pomarinus
philippi

Glareolidae – pratincoles
Paractiornis (Agate Fossil Beds Early Miocene of Sioux County, US)

Mioglareola (Early Miocene of Czech Republic) - formerly "Larus" dolnicensis

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Glareola neogena

Burhinidae
– thick-knees
Prehistoric species of extant genera
Burhinus lucorum (Early Miocene)

Burhinus aquilonaris

Burhinus sp. (Cuba, West Indies)

Burhinus sp. (Late Pleistocene of Las Higueruelas, Spain)

Prehistoric subspecies of extant species
Burhinus bistriatus
nanus (Bahamas, West Indies)

Charadriidae – plovers
Limicolavis (John Day Early Miocene of Malheur County, US)

Belanopteryx
if valid)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Vanellus (Middle/Late Pleistocene – Recent) – includes Belanopteryx

Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
Oreopholus orcesi

Recurvirostridae – avocets
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Himantopus
(Late Miocene – Recent)

Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
Recurvirostra sanctaeneboulae

†Gastornithiformes (extinct)

The diatrymas, a group of huge flightless Paleogene birds of unclear affinities. Traditionally placed within the Gruiformes, they are usually considered a distinct order nowadays and appear closer to the Anseriformes.

Gastornithidae

†Ornitholithes biroi Dughi & Sirugue 1969 [ootaxa- Gastornis?]

†Ornithoformipes controversus
[ichnotaxa]

†Rivavipes giantess [ichnotaxa]

†Gasthornithidae gen. et sp. indet. (Paleocene) – possibly Gastornis

†Gasthornithidae gen. et sp. indet. YPM PU 13258 (Early Eocene) – possibly juvenile Gastornis giganteus

†"Diatryma" cotei Galliard 1936 (middle-Late Eocene)

†Zhongyuanus
Hou 1980] (Late Paleocene – middle Eocene)
†
G. parisiensis Hébert 1855 [Gastornis edwardsii Lemoine 1878; Gastornis klaasseni
Newton 1885]

†
Omorhamphus storchii Sinclair 1928 (juvenile); Diatryma steini Matthew & Granger 1917; Diatryma ajax Shufeldt 1913; Gastornis ajax
(Shufeldt 1913) Brodkorb 1967]

†Gastornis geiselensis
(Fischer 1978)]

†G. russeli Martin 1992

†Zhongyuanus xichuanensis
Hou 1980]

Gruiformes

The group that includes modern
paraphyletic
.

Placement unresolved
†Rupelrallus Fischer 1997 (Early Oligocene)– rallid? parvigruid?
†R. belgicus Mayr 2012

†R. saxoniensis Fischer 1997

†"Gruiformes" gen. et sp. indet. MNZ S42623 (Early/Middle Miocene)–
Aptornithidae
?

†
Songziidae Hou 1990 possibly a nomen nudum

†Songzia Hou 1990(Eocene) possibly a nomen nudum
†S. heidangkouensis Hou 1990

†S. acutunguis Wang et al. 2012

†Eogruidae Wetmore 1934

†Sonogrus gregalis Kuročkin 1981 (Ergilin Dzo Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Khor Dzan, Mongolia)

†Eogrus Wetmore 1932 [Progrus Bendukidze 1971] (Irdin Manha Middle/Late Eocene – Tung Gur Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Mongolia)
†E. aeola Wetmore 1932

†E. crudus Kuročkin 1981

†E. turanicus (Bendukidze 1971) [Progrus turanicus Bendukidze 1971]

†E. wetmorei Brodkorb 1967

†Ergilornithinae

†Proergilornis minor Kozlova 1960 (Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)

†Ergilornis Kozlova 1960(Early/middle Oligocene of Ergil-Obo, Mongolia)
†E. rapidus

†E. minor

†Amphipelargus Lydekker 1891 [Urmiornis Harrison 1981]
†A. brodkorbi (Karkhu 1997) [Urmiornis brodkorbi Karkhu 1997]

†A. majori Lydekker 1891 [Amphipelargus maraghanus (Mecquenem 1925) Kuročkin 1985; Urmiornis maraghanus Mecquenem 1925] [treated as ciconiid by Louchart et al. 2005]

†A. dzabghanensis Kuročkin 1985

†A. cracrafti (Harrison & Walker 1982) Kuročkin 1985 [Urmiornis cracrafti Harrison & Walker 1982]

†A. ukrainus (Kuročkin 1981) Kuročkin 1985 [Urmiornis ukrainus Kuročkin 1981]

†A. orientalis (Kuročkin 1981) Kuročkin 1985 [Urmiornis orientalis Kuročkin 1981]

†Geranoididae Wetmore 1933
†Eogeranoides campivagus Cracraft 1969 (Willwood Early Eocene of Foster Gulch, US)

†Geranoides jepseni Wetmore 1933 (Willwood Early Eocene of South Elk Creek, US)

†Geranodornis aenigma Cracraft 1969 (Bridger middle Eocene of Church Buttes, US)

†Galligeranoides boriensis Bourdon, Mourer-Chauviré & Laurent 2014

†Palaeophasianus Shufeldt 1913 (Willwood Early Eocene of Bighorn County, US)
†P. meleagroides Shufeldt 1913

†P. incompletus Cracraft 1969

†Paragrus Lambrecht 1933 (Early Eocene of WC US)
†P. prentici (Loomis 1906) Lambrecht 1933 [Gallinuloides prentici Loomis 1906; Grus prentici (Loomis 1906)]

†P. shufeldti Cracraft 1969

†Parvigruidae
Mayr 2005
†Parvigrus pohli Mayr 2005 (Early Oligocene of Pichovet, France)

Aramidae Bonaparte 1854
†Badistornis aramus Wetmore 1940 (middle Oligocene)– aramid?

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Aramus paludigrus Rasmussen 1997 (Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia)- Aramid

Gruidae
– cranes
†Camusia quintanai
Seguí 2002 (Late Miocene of Menorca, Mediterranean)

†Aramornis Wetmore 1926 (Middle Miocene) – gruid? aramid?
†A. longurio Wetmore 1926

†A. robalearica

†A. crataegensis

†Palaeogrus Portis 1885 (middle Eocene of Germany and Italy – Middle Miocene of France)
†P. princeps Portis 1884 [Ornitocnemus robustus (sic) Zigno 1875 nomen nudum; Grus princeps (Portis 1885) Lydekker 1891a]

†P. hordwelliensis (Lydekker 1891) Lambrecht 1933 [Grus hordwellianus Lydekker 1891; Ornitocnemus hordwelliensis (Lydekker) Brodkorb 1967]

†P. mainburgensis Göhlich 2003

†Geranopsis hastingsiae Lydekker 1871 Hordwell Late Eocene– Early Oligocene of England)– gruiform (gruid?) or anseriform (anseranatid?)?

†Eobalearica tugarinovi Gureev 1949 (Ferghana Late? Eocene of Ferghana, Uzbekistan)

†Pliogrus (Early Pliocene of Eppelsheim, Germany)

†Probalearica mongolica Kurochkin 1985 (Late Oligocene? – Middle Pliocene) gruid? A nomen dubium?

Gruidae gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Grus conferta Miller & Sibley 1942 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Contra Costa County, US)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Balearica (Early Miocene – Recent)
†B. crataegensis (Brodkorb 1963) [Probalearica crataegensis Brodkorb 1963]

†B. excelsa (Milne-Edwards 1871) Mlíkovský 2002 [Palaeogrus excelsa (Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933; Grus excelsa Milne-Edwards 1871; Ornitocnemus excelsus (Milne-Edwards 1871) Brodkorb 1967]

†B. exigua Feduccia & Voorhies 1992

†B. rummeli (Mlíkovský 1998) Mourer-Chauviré 2001 [Basityto rummeli Mlíkovský 1998] (giant barn-owl)

Grus
(Middle/Late Miocene – Recent)
†G. bogatshevi

†G. haydeni
Marsh 1870

†
G. latipes [Baeopteryx latipes
]

†G. moldavica (Kuročkin & Ganya 1972) Mlíkovský 2002 [Probalearica moldavica Kuročkin & Ganya 1972]

†G. nannodes Wetmore & Martin 1930

†G. pagei Campbell 1995

†G. pentelici Gaudry 1862 [Pliogrus pentelici (Gaudry 1862) Lambrecht 1933; G. afghana Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1985]

†G. primigenia Milne-Edwards 1869

†G. melitensis
Lydekker 1890 (Maltese crane)

Rallidae
– rails
†Aletornis Marsh 1872 [Protogrus Lambrecht 1933] (middle Eocene)
†A. marshi (Shufeldt 1915) Lambrecht 1933 [Grus marshi Shufeldt 1915; Protogrus marshi (Shufeldt 1915)]

†A. bellus Marsh 1872

†A. gracilis Marsh 1872

†A. nobilis Marsh 1872 [Grus nobilis (Marsh 1872) Shufeldt; Protogrus nobilis (Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933]

†A. pernix Marsh 1872

†Australlus Worthy & Boles 2011
†Gallinula disneyi
Boles 2005]

†A. gagensis
Worthy & Boles 2011

†Baselrallus intermedius De Pietri & Mayr 2014

†Belgirallus Mayr & Smith 2001 (Early Oligocene)
†B. minutus Mayr & Smith 2001

†B. oligocaenus Mayr & Smith 2001

†Creccoides osbornii Shufeldt 1892 (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)

†Eocrex Wetmore 1931 (Early Eocene)
†E. primus Wetmore 1931

†E. tagusevae Panteleyev 2001

†Euryonotus Mercerat 1897 (Pleistocene)– rallid?
†E. uspallatensis Mercerat 1897

†E. brachypterus Mercerat 1897

†E. argentinus Mercerat 1897

†Fulicaletornis venustus (Marsh 1872) Lambrecht 1933 [Aletornis venustus Marsh 1872] (middle Eocene)

†Ibidopsis hordwelliensis Lydekker 1891 (Late Eocene)

†Latipons Harrison & Walker 1979 (middle Eocene)
†L. gardneri Harrison & Walker 1979

†L. robinsoni Harrison & Walker 1979

†Miofulica dejardini (Van Beneden 1871) Lambrecht 1933 [Fulica dejardinii Van Beneden 1871] (Middle Miocene)

†Miorallus major (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933 [Rallus major Milne-Edwards 1869] (Middle – Late Miocene)

†Palaeoaramides Lambrecht 1933 [Pararallus Lambrecht 1933; Tertiariaporphyrula Kuročkin & Ganya 1972] (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene – Late Miocene)
†P. lungi (Kuročkin & Ganya 1972) Olson 1977 [Tertiariaporphyrula lungi Kuročkin & Ganya 1972; Mioporphyrula lungi (Kurochkin &Ganya 1972)]

†P. minutus Cracraft 1973

†P. tugarinovi Kuročkin 1980 [Tertiariaporphyrula tugarinovi (Kurochkin, 1980)]

†P. christyi (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933 [Rallus christyi Milne-Edwards 1869; Rallus eximius Milne-Edwards 1869; Palaeoaramides eximius (Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1967]

†P. minor [Rallus minor]

†P. beaumontii (Milne-Edwards 1869) Cracraft 1973 [Rallus beaumontii Milne-Edwards 1869; Pararallus beaumontii (Milne-Edwards 1869) Brodkorb 1967); Tertiariaporphyrula beaumonti (Milne-Edwards) Kuročkin & Ganea 1972; Rallus dispar Milne-Edwards 1869; Pararallus dispar (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933; Palaeoaramides dispar (Milne-Edwards 1869)]

†Palaeorallus Wetmore 1931 (Early Eocene)
†P. troxelli Wetmore 1931

†P. brodkorbi Cracraft 1973

†Paraortygometra porzanoides (Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933 [Microrallus Švec 1983; Rallus porzanoides Milne-Edwards 1871; Microrallus fejfari Švec 1983] (Late Oligocene/?Early Miocene –? Middle Miocene)

†Parvirallus Harrison & Walker 1979 (Early – middle Eocene)
†P. gracilis Harrison & Walker 1979

†P. bassetti Harrison 1984

†P. gassoni Harrison 1984

†P. medius Harrison 1984

†Pastushkinia zazhigini (Kuročkin 1980) Zelenkov 2013 [Crex zazhigini Kuročkin 1980]

†Pleistorallus flemingi Worthy 1997 (Fleming's rails)

†Quercyrallus (Late Eocene –? Late Oligocene)
†Q. ludianus Brodkorb 1963 [Quercyrallus intermedius Milne-Edwards 1868; Rallus adelus Oberholser 1917; Ludiortyx adelus (Oberholser 1917)]

†Q. arenarius (Milne-Edwards 1891) Lambrecht 1933 [Rallus arenarius Milne-Edwards 1891]

†Q. quercy Cracraft 1973

†Rallicrex (Middle/Late Oligocene)
†R. litkensis Kessler & Hir 2012

†R. polgardiensis Jánossy 1991

†R. kolozsvarensis Lambrecht 1933

†Rhenanorallus rhenanus Mayr 2010

†Wanshuina lii Hou 1994

†Youngornis (Middle Miocene)
†Y. gracilis Yeh 1981

†Y. qiluensis Yeh & Bo 1989

Placement unresolved
Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene)

Rallidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)– several species

Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)

Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)

Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V55013/-14; UMMP V55012/V45750/V45746 (Late Pliocene)

Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V29080 (Late Pliocene)

Rallidae gen. et sp. indet. (Bermuda, West Atlantic)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Rallus [†Epirallus Miller 1942] (Middle Miocene – Recent)
†R. auffenbergi (Brodkorb 1954) [Porzana auffenbergi Brodkorb 1954]

†R. cyanocavi Steadman & Wright 2013

†R. ibycus Olson & Wingate 2000

†R. lacustris Brodkorb

†R. minutus Alcover et al. 2015 non Pallas 1776 non Gmelin 1789 non Forster 1844

†R. natator (Miller 1942) [Epirallus natator Miller 1942]

†R. phillipsi Wetmore

†R. prenticei Wetmore 1944

†R. recessus Olson & Wingate 2001

†R. richmondi Olson 1977 [Rallus dubius Portis 1887 non Piller & Mitterpacher 1783]

Porzana (Middle? Miocene – Recent)
†P. botunensis Boev 2015

†P. estramosi Jánossy 1979

†P. kretzoii Kessler 2009

†P. matraensis Kessler 2009

†P. piercei Olson & Wingate 2000

†P. risillus Kuročkin 1980 [Rallus risillus (Kuročkin 1980) Kuročkin 1985]

Gallinula
(Late Oligocene – Recent)
†G. balcanica
Boev 1999

†G. brodkorbi
McCoy 1963

†G. gigantea
Černov 1980

†G. kansarum
Brodkorb 1967 [Fulica americana (in partim)]

Fulica
(Early Pliocene – Recent)
†F. infelix Brodkorb 1961

†F. podagrica
Brodkorb 1965 (nomen dubium)

†F. stekelesi Tchernov 1968

Laterallus
†L. guti Brodkorb 1952

†L. insignis Feduccia 1968 (Rexroad Late Pliocene of Rexroad, US)

†L. sp. (Late Pliocene of Macasphalt Shell Pit, US)

Coturnicops
†C. avita Feduccia 1968 (Glenns Ferry Late Pliocene of Hagerman, US)

Porphyrio

†P. parvus
Harrison & Walker 1982

Eurypygiformes

†Aptornithidae
Bonaparte 1856
†Aptornis proasciarostratus Worthy, Tennyson & Scofield 2011

Eurypygidae
Selby 1840
†Eoeurypyga olsoni Weidig 2003 nomen nudum

†Messelornithidae Hesse 1988 – Messel-birds
†Pellornis mikkelseni Bertelli, Chiappe & Mayr 2011

†Itardiornis hessae Mourer-Chauviré 1995

†Messelornis Hesse 1988
†M. russelli Mourer-Chauviré 1995 ["Messelornis" russelli sensu Mayr 2007]

†M. nearctica Hesse 1992

†M. cristata Hesse 1988

Cariamiformes

†Itaboravis elaphrocnemoides Mayr, Alvarenga & Clarke 2011

†Walbeckornis creber Mayr 2007

†Qianshanornithidae
Mayr et al. 2013
†Qianshanornis rapax Mayr et al. 2013

†Salmilidae Mayr 2002
Salmila

†Salmila robusta Mayr 2000

†Ameghinornithidae
Mourer-Chauviré 1981
†Geiseloceros
Lambrecht 1935]
†S. dubius Gaillard 1908

†S. robustus (Lambrecht 1935) [Eocathartes robustus Lambrecht 1935; Geiseloceros robustus Lambrecht 1935] (middle Eocene of Germany)

†
Aenigmavis sapea Peters 1987; Ameghinornis minor
Mourer-Chauviré 1981]

†Bathornithidae Wetmore 1933
†Eutreptornis uintae Cracraft 1971 (Uinta Late Eocene of Ouray Agency, US)

†
Eocathartes Wetmore 1944 non Lambrecht 1935; Eocathartes grallator Wetmore 1944; Bathornis grallator
(Wetmore 1944) Olson 1985] (Late Eocene)

†Paracrax Brodkorb 1964 (Early/middle Oligocene of Gerry's Ranch, US – Brule Late Oligocene of South Dakota, US)
†
Meleagris antiquus Marsh 1871; Oligocorax mediterraneus (Shufeldt 1915); Phalacrocorax mediterraneus
Shufeldt 1915]

†P. wetmorei Cracraft 1968

†P. gigantea Cracraft 1968

†Bathornithidae gen. nov. (Early – middle Oligocene of C US) – formerly Bathornis celeripes Wetmore 1933 and B. cursor Wetmore 1933

†Bathornis Wetmore 1927 (Early Oligocene – Early Miocene of C US)
†B. minor Cracraft 1971

†
B. veredus Wetmore 1927 [Palaeogyps prodromus
Wetmore 1927] (Early Oligocene of WC North America)

†B. fax (Wetmore 1927) Cracraft 1968 [Palaeocrex fax Wetmore 1927]

†B. geographicus Wetmore 1942

†B. fricki Cracraft 1968

Paraphysornis

†Idiornithidae Brodkorb 1965 [Orthocnemidae]
†
Idiornis Oberholser 1899; Orthocnemus
Milne-Ewards 1892 non Jekel 1854] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany –? Quercy Phosphorites middle Oligocene of Quercy, France)
†I. cursor (Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899 [Orthocnemus cursor Milne-Edwards 1892; Orthocnemus major Milne-Edwards 1892; Idiornis major (Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899]

†I. gallicus (Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899 [Filholornis gravis Milne-Edwards 1892; Orthocnemus gallicus Milne-Edwards 1892; Agnopterus gallicus (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002]

†I. gracilis (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mourer-Chauviré 1983 [Elaphrocnemus gracilis Milne-Edwards 1892; Agnopterus gracilis (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002]

†I. minor (Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899 [Orthocnemus minor Milne-Edwards 1892; Agnopterus minor (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002]

†D. anthracinus (Mayr 2002) Mourer-Chauviré 2013 [Idiornis anthracinus Mayr 2002]

†D. tuberculata (Peters 1995) Mourer-Chauviré 2013 [Idiornis tuberculata Peters 1995]

†D. gaillardi (Cracraft 1973) Mourer-Chauviré 2013 [Idiornis gaillardi Cracraft 1973]

†D. itardiensis (Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mourer-Chauviré 2013 [Idiornis itardiensis Mourer-Chauviré 1983; Agnopterus itardiensis (Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002]

†Talantatos Reichenbach 1852 [Elaphrocnemus Milne-Edwards 1892; Filholornis Milne-Edwards 1892] (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of France)
†T. bordkorbi (Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002 [Elaphrocnemus bordkorbi Mourer-Chauviré 1983]

†T. crex (Milne-Edwards 1892) [Elaphrocnemus crex Milne-Edwards 1892]

†T. phasianus (Milne-Edwards 1892) [Elaphrocnemus phasianus Milne-Edwards 1892; Filholornis debilis Milne-Edwards 1892; Filholornis paradoxa Milne-Edwards 1892]

†T. fossilis (Giebel 1847) Reichenbach 1852 [Tantalus fossilis Giebel 1847; Orthocnemus major Milne-Edwards 1892; Idiornis major (Milne-Edwards 1892) Oberholser 1899; Telecrex peregrinus Mlíkovský 1989b]

†T. proudlocki (Harrison & Walker 1979) Mlíkovský 2002 [Percolinus proudlocki Harrison & Walker 1979]

†Gypsornis Milne-Edwards 1869 [Percolinus Harrison & Walker 1977] (Montmartre Late Eocene of Montmartre, France)
†G. cuvieri Milne-Edwards 1869

†G. venablesi (Harrison & Walker 1977) Mlíkovský 2002 [Percolinus venablesi Harrison & Walker 1977]

†Propelargus Lydekker 1891 [Oblitavis Mourer-Chauviré 1983] (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)
†P. edwardsi

†P. insolitus (Mourer-Chauviré 1983) Mlíkovský 2002 [Oblitavis insolitus Mourer-Chauviré 1983]

†P. cayluxensis Lydekker 1891

†Occitaniavis elatus (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mourer-Chauvire 1983 [Geranopsis Milne-Edwards 1892 non Lydekker 1891a; Geranopsis elatus Milne-Edwards 1892; Propelargus elatus (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský 2002]

†Ibidopodia Milne-Edwards 1868 (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) – threskiornithid?
†I. chavrochensis De Pietri & Mayr 2014

†I. minuta De Pietri & Mayr 2014

†I. palustris Milne-Edwards 1868

†Phorusrhacidae Ameghino 1899 – Terror birds
†Lavocatavis africana Mourer-Chauviré et al. 2011

†Patagorhacos terrificus Agnolin & Chafrat 2015

†Eleutherornis Schaub 1940 (Late Eocene)
†E. helveticus
Schaub 1940

†E. cotei
Gaillard 1936

†Paleopsilopterus itaboraiensis Alvarenga 1985 (Middle Paleocene)

†Procariama simplex Rovereto 1914 (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)

†
Pelecyornis Ameghino 1891; Staphylornis
Mercerat 1897] (middle Oligocene – Late Miocene)
†P. bachmanni (Moreno & Mercerat 1891) [Patagornis bachmanni Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Psilopterus communis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Psilopterus intermedius Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Phororhacos delicatus Ameghino 1891; Pelecyornis puerredonensis Sinclair & Farr 1932]

†
Psilopterus australis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Pelecyornis tubulatus Ameghino 1895; Phorohacos modicus Ameghino 1895; Staphylornis gallardoi Mercerat 1897; Staphylornis erythacus Mercerat 1897; Pelecyornis tenuirostris
Sinclair & Farr 1932]

†P. affinis (Ameghino 1899) [Phororhacos affinis Ameghino 1899]

†P. colzecus Tonni & Tambussi 1988

†Llallawavis scagliai Degrange et al. 2015

†Hermosiornis
Rovereto 1914] (Late Miocene – Late Pliocene)
†
Hermosiornis milneedwardsi Rovereto 1914; Hermosiornis rapax Kraglievich 1946; Prophororhacos australis
Brodkorb 1967]

†M. incertus (Rovereto 1914) [Prophororhacos incertus Rovereto 1914]

†
Tolmodus Ameghino 1891; Tolmodus inflatus Ameghino 1891; Phorusrhacos inflatus Ameghino 1891; Paleociconia cristata (Lambrecht 1933) Brodkorb 1967; Morenomerceraria cristata
Lambrecht 1933] (Early – Middle Miocene)

†Andrewsornis abbotti
Paterson 1941 (middle – Late Oligocene)

†Andalgalornis ferox
Patterson & Kraglijevič 1960] (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)

†
Darwinornis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Owenornis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Titanornis Mercerat 1893; Callornis Ameghino 1895 non Calornis Dalman 1820; Eucallornis Ameghino 1901; Liornis Ameghino 1895; Phororhacos longissimus Ameghino 1889; Phororhacos platygnathus Ameghino 1891; Phororhacos sehuensis Ameghino 1891; Stereornis rollieri Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Stereornis gaundryi Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Mesembriornis studeri Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Mesembriornis quatrefragesi Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Darwinornis copei Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Darwinornis zittelli Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Darwinornis socialis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Owenornis affinis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Owenornis lydekkeri Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Titanornis mirabilis Mercerat 1893; Callornis giganteus Ameghino 1895; Eucallornis giganteus Ameghino 1901; Liornis floweri Ameghino 1895; Liornis minor
Dolgopol de Saez 1927] (Early – Middle Miocene)

†
Devincenzia gallinali Kraglievich 1932; Onactornis depressus Cabrera 1939; Onactornis pozzi (Kraglievich 1931) Brodkorb 1967; Onactornis mendocinus
(Kraglievich 1931) Brodkorb 1967] (Late Miocene – Early Pliocene)

†Titanis walleri
Brodkorb 1963 (Early – Late Pliocene)

†Kelenken guillermoi
Bertelli, Chiappe & Tambussi 2007 (Early – Late Pliocene)

†
Physornis fortis Ameghino 1895 [Aucornis Ameghino 1898; Aucornis euryrhynchus
Ameghino 1898] (middle – Late Oligocene)

†
Paraphysornis brasiliensis (Alvarenga 1982) Alvarenga 1993 [Physornis brasiliensis
Alvarenga 1982] (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene)

†
Brontornis burmeisteri Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [Rostrornis Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Rostrornis floweri Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Brontornis platyonyx
Ameghino 1895] (Early – Middle Miocene)

Cariamidae
Bonaparte 1850 – seriemas
†Riacama caliginea Ameghino 1899

†Pseudolarus guaraniticus Ameghino 1899 [Pseudogavia Sharpe 1892; Ameghinia Sharpe 1899]

†Smiliornis penetrans Ameghino 1899

†
Noriegavis santacrucensis (Noriega, Vizcaino & Bargo 2009) Agnolin 2009 [Cariama santacrucensis
Noriega, Vizcaino & Bargo 2009]

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Chunga
†C. incerta Tonni 1974

Otidiformes

Otididae
– bustards
†Gryzaja odessana Zubareva 1939 [Chlamydotis pliodeserti Serebrovskyj 1941; Otis gryzaja Vojinstvens'kyj 1967]

†Ioriotis gabunii Burchak-Abramovich & Vekua 1981

†Miootis compactus Umanskaya 1979

†Pleotis liui Hou 1982

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Chlamydotis Brodkorb 1967 [Otis affinis Lydekker 1891a]
†C. affinis (Lydekker)

†C. mesetaria Sánchez Marco 1990

Tetrax

†
T. paratetrax (Bocheński & Kuročkin 1987) [Otis paratetrax
Bocheński & Kuročkin 1987]

Otis
†O. bessarabicus Kessler & Gal 1996

†O. hellenica Boev, Lazaridis & Tsoukala 2014

†O. khosatzkii Bocheński & Kuročkin 1987 (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria)

Phoenicopteriformes

Placement unresolved
†Phoeniconotius eyrensis Miller 1963 [Phoenicopterus novaehollandiae Miller 1963] (Etadunna Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Lake Pitikanta, Australia)

†Palaelodidae Stejneger 1885 – Swimming-flamingos
†Adelalopus hoogbutseliensis Mayr & Smith 2002 (stout-legged flamingos) - (Borgloon Early Oligocene of Hoogbutsel, Belgium)

†Palaelodus Milne-Edwards 1863 [Pliogrus Lambrecht 1933] (middle Oligocene –? Middle Pleistocene)
†
Palaelodus gracilipes Milne-Edwards 1863; Palaelodus crassipes Milne-Edwards 1863; Paloelodus minutus (sic) Milne-Edwards 1868, Grus miocenicus
Grigorescu & Kessler 1977]

†P. aotearoa
Worthy et al. 2010

†P. germanicus (Lambrecht 1933) [Pliogrus germanicus Lambrecht 1933]

†P. kurochkini Zelenkov 2013

†P. pledgei
Baird & Vickers-Rich 1998

†P. wilsoni
Baird & Vickers-Rich 1998

†Megapaloelodus Miller 1944 (Late Oligocene – Early Pliocene)
†M. conectens (Miller 1944)

†M. peiranoi Agnolin 2009

†M. goliath (Milne Edwards 1863) Cheneval 1983c [Paloelodus goliath (sic) Milne-Edwards 1868]

†M. opsigonus Brodkorb 1961

Phoenicopteridae
– flamingos
†
Phoenicopterus croizeti Gervais 1852; Gervaisia croizeti
(Gervais 1852) Harrison & Walker 1976]

†Phoenicopterus aethiopicus
Harrison & Walker 1976]

†Elornis Milne-Edwards 1868 [Elornis Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Helornis Lydekker 1891; Actiornis] (Middle? Eocene – Early Oligocene)
†E. anglicus Aymard 1856 nomen nudum [Helornis anglicus; Actiornis anglicus Lydekker 1891]

†E. grandis Milne-Edwards 1868 [Elornis grandis 1856 Aymard nomen nudum]

†E. littoralis Milne-Edwards 1868 [Elornis littoralis Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Elornis antiquus Aymard 1856 nomen nudum; Elornis antiquus Milne-Edwards 1868; Helornis littoralis (Milne-Edwards 1868) Lydekker 1891]

Placement unresolved
Phoenicopteridae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle? – Late Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Phoenicopterus (middle Oligocene – Recent)
†P. floridanus Brodkorb 1953

†P. stocki (Miller 1944)

†P. siamensis Cheneval et al. 1991

†P. gracilis Miller 1963 (Early Pleistocene of Lake Kanunka, Australia)

Podicipediformes

Podicipedidae
– grebes
†Miobaptus Švec 1982 (Early Miocene)
†M. huzhiricus
Zelenkov 2015

†
M. walteri Švec 1982 [Podiceps walteri
(Švec 1984) Mlíkovský 2000]

†Miodytes serbicus Dimitreijevich, Gál & Kessler 2002

†Pliolymbus baryosteus Murray 1967 (Late Pliocene – Early? Pleistocene)

†Thiornis sociata Navás 1922 [Podiceps sociatus (Navás 1922) Olson] (Late Miocene –? Early Pliocene)

Placement unresolved
Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene) – formerly included in Podiceps parvus

Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP 49592, 52261, 51848, 52276, KUVP 4484 (Late Pliocene)

Podicipedidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Aechmophorus (Late Pliocene – Recent)
†A. elasson Murray 1967

Podilymbus (Late Pliocene – Recent)
†P. mujusculus Murray 1967

†P. wetmorei Storer 1976

†P. podiceps magnus

Podiceps (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene – Recent)
†P. arndti Chandler 1990

†P. caspicus (Habizl 1783) [Colymbus caspicus Habizl 1783]

†P. csarnotatus Kessler 2009

†P. discors Murray 1967

†P. dixi Brodkorp 1963

†P. miocenicus Kessler 1984

†P. oligocaenus (Shufeldt)

†P. parvus (Shufeldt 1913) [Colymbus parvus Schufeldt 1913]

†P. solidus Kuročkin 1985

†P. subparvus (Miller & Bowman 1958) [Colymbus subparvus Miller & Bowman 1958]

Phaethontiformes

†Prophaethontidae Harrison & Walker 1976
†Lithoptila abdounensis Bourdon, Bouya & Iarochène 2005 (Late Paleocene – Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)– including Abdounornis

†Prophaethon shrubsolei Andrews 1899 (Late Paleocene ?– Early Eocene)

Phaethontidae
Brandt 1831 – tropicbirds
?†Proplegadis fisheri Harrison & Walker 1971 (London Clay Early Eocene of England) – Threskiornithidae?

†Phaethusavis pelagicus Bourdon, Amaghzaz & Bouya 2008 (Early Eocene of Ouled Abdoun Basin, Morocco)

†Heliadornis Olson 1985 (Miocene of North America and Europe)
†H. ashbyi
Olson 1985

†H. minor
Kessler 2009

†H. paratethydicus
Mlíkovský 1997

Ciconiiformes

The diverse group that includes
Paraphyletic
as listed here.

†Ciconiidae
– storks
†Ciconiopsis antarctica Ameghino 1899

†Palaeoephippiorhynchus dietrichi Lambrecht 1930 (Early Oligocene)

†Grallavis edwardsi (Lydekker 1891c) Cheneval 1984 [Propelargus edwardsi Lydekker 1891c; Palaeoephippiorhynchus edwardsi (Lydekker 1891)] (Early Miocene) – may be same as Prociconia

†Pelargosteon tothi Kretzoi 1962 (Early Pleistocene)

†Sanshuiornis zhangi Wang et al. 2012

Placement unresolved
Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Aquilavus bilinicus (Laube 1909) Brodkorb 1964; Cygnus bilinicus Laube 1909 (Early Miocene)

Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)

cf. Leptoptilos gen. et sp. indet. – formerly Leptoptilos siwalicensis Harrison 1974 (Late Miocene? - Late Pliocene)

Ciconiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pleistocene) – Ciconia or Mycteria?

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Ciconia (Early Miocene? – Recent) – includes Xenorhynchus
†C. lydekkeri Ameghino 1891 (Middle to Late Pleistocene)

†C. gaudryi Lambrecht 1933

†C. minor Harrison 1980

†C. sarmatica Grigorescu & Kessler 1977

†C. kahli Haarhoff 1988

†C. louisebolesae Boles 2005

†C. lucida Kuročkin 1982

†C. maltha Miller 1910 (Asphalt/La Brea stork)

†Xenorhynchus nanus
De Vis 1888] (Australian stork)

†C. stehlini Janossy 1992

Mycteria (Middle Miocene – Recent)
†M. milleri (Short 1966) [Dissourodes milleri Short 1966]

†M. wetmorei Howard 1935

Ephippiorhynchus (Late Miocene – Recent)
†E. tchoufour Louchart et al. 2008

†E. pakistanensis Harrison & Walker 1982

Leptoptilos (Late Miocene – Recent) – includes Cryptociconia
†L. falconeri (Milne-Edwards 1868) Lydekker 1884 [Argala falconeri Milne-Edwards 1867]

†L. pliocenicus Zubareva 1948

†L. inidcus (Harrison 1974) [Cryptociconia indica Harrison 1974]

†L. lüi Zhang et al. 2012

†L. patagonicus Noriega & Cladera 2008

†L. robustus Meijer & Awe Due 2010

†L. richae Harrison 1974

†L. titan Wetmore 1940

Jabiru (Early Pliocene – Recent)
†J. codorensis Walsh & Sánchez 2008

Pelecaniformes

The group that includes modern
Ciconiiformes
as to cormorants, the latter group is being recognized as Phalacrocoraciiformes by some recent authors and the core Pelecaniformes are occasionally merged into the Ciconiiformes.

Basal and unresolved forms
†Piscator tenuirostris Harrison & Walker 1976 (Early-Late Eocene of England) (Auk98:199)– basal phalacrococacoid?

†"Prophalacrocorax ronzoni (Gervais 1849) Harrison 1975 [Sula ronzoni (Gervais 1849) Milne-Edwards 1897; Mergus ronzoni ronzoni Gervais 1849] (Early Oligocene of Ronzon, France)

† "Pelecaniformes" gen. et sp. indet. (Jebel Qatrani Early Oligocene of Fayum, Egypt) basal phalacrococacoid (similar to Piscator?)?

Fregatidae
– frigatebirds
†Limnofregata Olson 1977 (Early Eocene)
†L. azygosternon
Olson 1977

†L. hutchisoni Stidham 2014

†L. hasegawai
Olson & Matsuoka 2005

Sulidae – gannets and boobies
†Bimbisula melanodactylus Benson & Erickson 2013

†Eostega lebedinskyi Lambrecht 1929 (Middle/Late Eocene)

†Parasula
] (Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene)

†Masillastega rectirostris Mayr 2002 (middle Eocene)

†Pseudosula
] (Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene)

†Miosula media Miller 1925 (Late Miocene)

†Palaeosula stocktoni (Miller 1935) Howard 1958 (?Early Pliocene)

†Rhamphastosula Stucchi & Urbina 2004 (Early Pliocene)
†R. ramirezi Stucchi & Urbina 2004

†R. aguirrei Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt 2015

†Sarmatosula dobrogensis Grigorescu & Kessler 1977 (Middle Miocene)

Placement unresolved
Sulidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene)

Sulidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Morus
(Early Miocene – Recent)
†
M. avitus (Wetmore 1938) [Sula (Microsula) avita (Wetmore 1938); Microsula avitus
Wetmore 1938]

†M. lompocanus Domning 1978 [Sula lompocana (Domning 1978)]

†M. loxostylus (Cope 1870) Brodkorb 1963 [Sula loxostyla Cope 1870; Morus atlanticus (Shufeldt 1915); Sula atlantica Shufeldt 1915]

†M. olsoni
Grigorescu & Kessler 1988

†
M. peninsularis Brodkorb 1955 [Sula peninsularis
(Brodkorb 1955)]

†
M. peruvianus Stucchi 2003 [Sula peruviana
(Stucchi 2003)]

†M. recentior
Howard 1949

†M. reyanus
Howard 1936 (Del Rey gannet)

†
M. vagabundus Wetmore 1930 [Sula vagabundus
(Wetmore 1930)]

†
M. willetti (Miller 1925) [Sula willetti
Miller 1925]

Sula
(Middle Pliocene – Recent)
†S. brandi
Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt 2015

†S. figueroae
Stucchi, Varas-Malca & Urbina-Schmitt 2015

†S. clarki
Chandler 1990

†
S. humeralis Miller & Bowman 1958 [Morus humeralis
Miller & Bowman 1958]

†
S. magna (Howard 1978) Stucchi 2003 [Morus magnus
Howard 1978]

†S. pohli
Howard 1958

†S. sulita
Stucchi 2003

†S. universitatis
Brodkorb 1963

Copepteryx

Phalacrocoracidae
– cormorants and shags
†Borvocarbo Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004 (Late Oligocene of C Europe) – phalacrocoracid? basal phalacrococacoid?
†B. guilloti Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney 2004

†B. tardatus Göhlich & Mourer-Chauviré 2010

†Limicorallus Kuročkin 1968 (middle Oligocene)
†L. saiensis Kuročkin 1968

†L. carbunculus Mayr 2009

†Nambashag Worthy 2011
†N. billerooensis
Worthy 2011

†N. microglaucus
Worthy 2011

†Nectornis Cheneval 1984 (Late Oligocene?/Early Miocene – Middle Miocene)
†N. africanus Mayr 2014

†N. miocaenus (Milne-Edwards 1868) [?Phalacrocorax miocaenus (Milne-Edwards 1868)]

†N. anatolicus (Mourer-Chauviré 1978) Mlíkovský 1998 [Phalacrocorax anatolicus Mourer-Chauviré 1978]

†Valenticarbo praetermissus Harrison 1979 (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene) – a nomen dubium

†Oligocorax Lambrecht 1933
†O. littoralis Milne-Edwards 1868 [Phalacrocorax littoralis (Milne-Edwards 1868)]

†O. stoeffelensis (Mayr 2007) Mayr 2014 [Oligocorax sp. Mayr 2001; Borvocarbo stoeffelensis Mayr 2007]

Placement unresolved
†Phalacrocoracidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Eocene ?–? mid-Oligocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Phalacrocorax (Oligocene –? Recent) – may be several genera. Includes Australocorax, Miocorax
†P. gregorii De Vis 1905

†P. gregorii (De Vis 1905) [Australocorax vetustus De Vis 1905]

†P. chapalensis Alvarez 1977

†P. destefani (Regalia 1902) [Paracorax destefani Regalia 1902]

†P. femoralis (Miller 1929) [Miocorax femoralis Miller 1929]

†P. filyawi Emslie 1995b

†P. goletensis Howard 1965

†P. ibericus Villalta 1963

†P. idahensis (Marsh 1870) [Graculus idahensis Marsh 1870]

†P. intermedius (Milne-Edwards 1867) [Phalacrocorax praecarbo, Ardea brunhuberi; Phalacrocorax brunhuberi (Milne-Edwards); Botaurites avitus]

†P. kennelli (Howard 1949)

†P. kuehneanus Schlüter 1991

†P. longipes (Tugarinov 1940) [Pliocarbo longipes Tugarinov 1940]

†P. leptopus Brodkorb 1961

†P. macer Brodkorb

†P. macropus (Cope 1878) [Graculus macropus Cope 1878]

†P. marinavis (Shufeldt 1915) [Oligocorax marinavis Shufeldt 1915]

†P. mongoliensis Kuročkin 1971

†P. owrei Brodkorb & Mourer-Chauviré 1984

†P. reliquus Kuročkin 1976

†P. rogersi (Howard 1932)

†P. serdicensis Burčak-Abramovič & Nikolov 1984

†P. tanzaniae Harrison & Walker 1979

†P. wetmorei Brodkorb 1955

†Plotopteridae – diving-"boobies"
†Copepteryx Olson & Hasegawa 1996
†C. hexeris Olson & Hasegawa 1996

†C. titan Olson & Hasegawa 1996

†Hokkaidornis abashiriensis Sakurai, Kimura & Katoh 2008

†Phocavis maritimus Goedert 1988

†Plotopterum joaquinensis Howard 1969

†Tonsala Olson 1980
†T. hildegardae
Olson 1980

†T. buchanani Dyke, Xia & Habib 2011

†Protoplotidae
†Protoplotus beauforti Lambrecht 1931 (Paleocene? – middle Eocene of Sumatra)

Anhingidae
– darters
†Meganhinga chilensis Alvarenga 1995 (Early Miocene)

†Macranhinga Noriega 1992 (giant snake-birds) (Middle/Late Miocene –? Early Pliocene)
†M. paranensis Noriega 1992 [Meganhinga paranensis (Noriega 1992)]

†M. ranzii Alvarenga & Guilherme 2003

†"Paranavis" (Middle/Late Miocene) – a nomen nudum

†Giganhinga kiyuensis Inderknecht & Noriega 2002 (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Anhinga (Early Miocene – Recent)
†A. beckeri Emslie 1998

†A. hadarensis Brodkorb & Mourer-Chauviré 1982

†Plotus laticeps
De Vis 1906]

†A. malagurala Mackness 1995

†A. pannonica Lambrecht 1916

†A. subvolans (Brodkorb 1956) Becker 1986 [Phalacrocorax subvolans Brodkorb 1956]

†A. walterbolesi Worthy 2012

†A. fraileyi Campbell 1996 [?Macranhinga fraileyi (Campbell 1996)]

†A. grandis Martin & Mengel 1975

†A. minuta Alvarenga & Guilherme 2003

Pelecanidae – pelicans
†Protopelicanus cuvieri Reichenbach 1852

†Miopelecanus Cheneval 1984
†Pelecanus gracilis
Milne-Edwards 1863]

†M. intermedius (Fraas 1870) Cheneval 1984 [Pelecanus intermedius Fraas 1870]

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Pelecanus
(Late Pliocene – Recent)
†P. aethiopicus Harrison & Walker 1976

†P. cautleyi Davies 1880

†P. fraasi Lydekker 1891

†P. halieus Wetmore 1933

†P. odessanus Widhalm 1886

†P. schreiberi Olson 1999

†P. sivalensis Davies 1880

†P. tirarensis Miller 1966

Osteodontornis

†Pelagornithidae Fürbringer 1888 – pseudotooth birds
†
Neodontornis Harrison & Walker 1976; Macrodontopteryx Harrison & Walker 1976; Palaeochenoides
Schufeldt 1916] (Late Paleocene – London Clay Early Eocene of England)
†Macrodontopteryx oweni
Harrison & Walker 1976]

†P. tenuirostris
Harrison 1985

†
P. tschulensis (Averianov et al. 1991) [Odontopteryx tschulensis
]

†
Palaeochenoides miocaenus Schufeldt 1916; Pelagornis longirostris
(Spulski 1910)]

†
Neodontornis stirtoni (Howard & Warter 1969) Harrison & Walker 1976; Pelagornis stirtoni
(Howard & Warter 1969)]

†Argillornis
Owen 1878] (London Clay Early Eocene of England)
†D. abdoun Bourdon 2010

†Argillornis longipes
Lambrecht 1933 (lapsus)]

†Odontopteryx gigas
Bourdon 2006 nomen nudum]

†Macrodontopteryx (London Clay Early Eocene of England)

†
Neptuniavis minor Harrison & Walker 1977; Dasornis toliapica
(Owen 1873)] (London Clay Early Eocene of England)

†Gigantornis eaglesomei Andrews 1916 (middle Eocene of Nigeria)

†Cyphornis magnus Cope 1894 (Eocene of Vancouver, Canada)

†Osteodontornis orri Howard 1957 [Pelagornis orri Howard 1957] (Early Oligocene – Pliocene)

†Pelagornis (Middle Miocene of France – Late Pliocene of Morocco)
†P. miocaenus
Lartet 1857 (Miocene false-tooothed pelican)

†P. mauretanicus
Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads 2008

†P. chilensis
Mayr & Rubilar-Rogers 2010

†P. sandersi
Ksepka 2014

†Caspiodontornis kobystanicus Aslanova & Burčak-Abramovič 1982 [?Guguschia nailiae Aslanova & Burčak-Abramovič 1968]

†
Tympanoneisiotes wetmorei Hopson 1964 [Pelagornis wetmorei
(Hopson 1964)]

†Lutetodontopteryx tethyensis Mayr & Zvonok 2012

†Aequornis traversei Bourdon 2006 nomen nudum

Placement unresolved
?Pelagornithidae gen. et sp. indet. (middle Eocene)

†Xenerodiopidae Rasmussen 1987 (Early Oligocene)
†Xenerodiopus mycter Rasmussen, Olson & Simons 1987

Ardeidae
– herons
†Ardeagrandis arborea Kurockin & Ganya 1972

†Calcardea junnei Gingerich 1987 (Paleocene)

†Matuku otagoense
Scofield, Worthy & Tennyson 2010

†Nyctisoma robusta Elżanowski & Zelenkov 2015

†Palaeophoyx columbiana McCoy 1963

†Pikaihao bartlei Worthy et al. 2013

†Proardea amissa (Milne-Edwards 1892) Lambrecht 1933 [Ardea amissa Milne-Edwards 1892; Egretta amissa (Milne-Edwards 1892) Mlíkovský & Švec 1989] (Late Eocene –? Late Oligocene)

†Proardeola walkeri Harrison 1979) [Ardea Formosa Milne-Edwards 1871 (nomen nudum); Ardeola walker (Harrison 1979) Mlíkovský & Švec 1989] – possibly same as Proardea

†Zeltornis ginsburgi Balouet 1981 (Early Miocene)

Placement unresolved
†Anas basaltica Bayer 1882 (Late Oligocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Nyctanassa
†N. kobdoena Kuročkin 1976

Ardea
(Middle Miocene – Recent)
†
A. aurelianensis Milne-Edwards 1871 [Proardea aurelianensis
(Milne-Edwards 1871)]

†A. polkensis
Brodkorb 1955

†A. howardae
Brodkorb 1980

†A. paloccidentalis
Shufeldt 1892

†A. sytchevskayae
Zelenkov 2011

Egretta (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene – Recent)
†E. polgardiensis Kessler 2009

†E. subfluvia Becker 1985

Butorides (Early Pleistocene – Recent)
†B. validipes Campbell 1976

Botaurus
†B. hibbardi Moseley & Feduccia 1975

Syrigma

†S. sanctimartini
Campbell 1979

Scopidae
– hammerkop
Prehistoric species of extant genera
†Scopus xenopus Olson 1984

Threskiornithidae – ibises
Threskiornithidae gen. et sp. indet. NMMP-KU 1301 (Pondaung middle Eocene of Paukkaung, Myanmar) – Threskiornithinae?

†
Plegadis paganus (Milne-Edvards 1868) Olson 1981; Actiornis pagana (Milne-Edwards 1868) Harrison 1976; Milnea gracilis Lydekker 1891a; Plegadis gracilis
(Lydekker 1891) Cheneval 1984 non Miller & Bowman 1956]

†Rhynchaeites messelensis Wittich 1898 [Plumumida Hoch 1980; Plumumida lutetialis Hoch 1980] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany) – may include Mopsitta

†Vadaravis brownae
Smith, Grande & Clarke 2013

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Geronticus (Middle Miocene – Recent)
†G. perplexus (Milne-Edwards 1869) Cheneval 2000 [Ardea perplexa Milne-Edwards 1869; Proardea perplexus (Milne-Edwards 1869) Gaillard 1939]

†G. apelex Olson 1985

†G. olsoni Mourer-Chauviré & Geraads 2010

Platalea

†
P. chione (Emslie 1995) [Ajaia chione
Emslie 1995]

†P. tiangangensis
Hou 1987 (Xiacaowan Middle Miocene of Sihong, China)

Plegadis
†P. pharangites Olson 1981 [Plegadis gracilis Miller & Bowman 1956 non (Lydekker 1891)] (Late Pliocene of WC US)

Theristicus
†T. wetmorei Campbell 1979 (Late Pleistocene of Peru)

Eudocimus
†E. leiseyi Emslie 1995a (Early Pleistocene of Florida)

†E. peruvianus Campbell 1979 (Late Pleistocene of Peru; may be living species)

†Eudocimus sp. (Middle Pliocene of Florida)

Balaenicipitidae – shoebills
Goliathia andrewsi Lambrecht 1930 (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Egypt)

Paludiavis richae Harrison & Walker 1982 (Late Miocene of Tunisia and Pakistan)

Procellariiformes

The group that includes modern
storm-petrels
.

Placement unresolved
†Eopuffinus kazachstanensis Nesov 1986 (Late Paleocene of Zhylga, Kazakhstan)

†Makahala mirae Mayr 2015

†Proaestrelata Imber 1985

†Marinavidae Harrison & Walker 1977
†Marinavis longirostris Harrison & Walker 1977

†Tytthostonychidae Olson & Parris 1987
†Tytthostonyx glauconiticus Olson & Parris 1987

†Diomedeoididae
Fischer 1985
†
Gaviota Fischer 1983 non Miller & Sibley 1941; Ardeita Cheneval 1996; Diomedeoides Fischer 1985; Frigidafrons
Cheneval 1995] (Early Oligocene– Early Miocene of C Europe and Iran)
†R. harmati (Kessler 2009) Mayr & Smith 2012 [Diomedeoides harmati Kessler 2009]

†R. definitus van Beneden 1871 [Vanellus selysii van Beneden 1871; Anas creccoides van Beneden 1871; Gaviota lipsiensis Fischer 1983; Diomedeoides minimus Fischer 1985; Frigidafrons brodkorbi Cheneval 1995; Ardeita gracilis Cheneval 1996 (nomen nudum); Diomedeoides lipsiensis (Fischer 1983) Mayr et al. 2002; Diomedeoides brodkorbi (Cheneval 1995) Fischer 2003]

†R. babaheydariensis (Peters & Hamedani 2000) Mayr & Smith 2012 [Frigidafons babaheydariensis Peters & Hamedani 2000; Diomedeoides babaheydariensis (Peters & Hamedani 2000) Mayr, Peters & Rietschel 2002]

Oceanitidae

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Oceanites
†O. zaloscarthmus Olson 1985

Diomedeidae
– albatrosses
†Murunkus subitus Panteleyev & Nesov 1993 (middle Eocene)

†Plotornis Milne-Edwards 1874 [Chenornis Portis 1884] (Early – Middle Miocene)
†P. arvernensis (Milne-Edwards 1871) Cheneval 1984a [Puffinus arvernensis Milne-Edwards 1871 nomen nudum; Puffinus arvernensis Shufeldt 1896]

†P. deltortrii Milne-Edwards 1874

†P. graculoides (Portis 1884) Mayr & Pavia 2014 [Chenornis graculoides Portis 1884]

†Tydea septentrionalis Mayr & Smith 2012 (Early Oligocene of the North Sea basin)

†Diomedeidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of South Carolina)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Diomedea
(Middle Miocene – Recent)
†D. anglica
Lydekker 1891a

†D. howardae
Chandler 1990

†D. milleri
Howard 1966

†D. rumana
Grigorescu & Kessler 1988

†D. tanakai
Davis 2003

†D. thyridata
Wilkinson 1969

Phoebastria
(Middle Miocene – Recent)
†P. rexsularum
Olson & Rasmussen 2001

Thalassarche
(Late Miocene – Recent)
†T. thyridata

Hydrobatidae
– storm-petrels
†Primodroma bournei Harrison & Walker 1977 (Early Eocene)

Prehistoric species of extant genera
†"Oceanodroma" hubbsi Miller 1951 (Hubbs' Storm-petrel)(Capistrano Middle/Late Miocene of Orange County, US)

†Pelagodroma
sp. 1

Pelagodroma
sp. 2

Procellariidae – petrels
†Argyrodyptes microtarsus Ameghino 1905 (San Julián Late Eocene/Early Oligocene of Chubut, Argentina)

†Pterodromoides minoricensis Sequí et al. 2001

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Calonectris (Early Pliocene – Recent)
†C. krantzi Olson & Rasmussen 2001

†C. kurodai Olson 2009

†C. wingatei Olson 2008

Fulmarus
(Middle Miocene – Recent)
†F. hammeri
Howard 1968

†F. miocaenus
Howard 1984

Pachyptila (Late Miocene– Recent)
†P. salax Olson 1985

Pelecanoides
(Early/Middle Miocene – Recent)
†P. cymatotrypetes
Olson 1985

†P. miokuaka
Worthy et al. 2007 (Miocene diving petrel)

†P. urinatrix
Gmelin 1789

"
Pterodroma
" (Pleistocene – Recent)
†P. kurodai
Harrison & Walker 1978

†P. rupinarum
Olson 1975

Puffinus (Early Oligocene – Recent)
†P. aquitanicus (Milne-Edwards) Brodkorb 1963 Procellaria aquitanica Milne-Edwards 1874

†P. antiquus (Milne-Edwards) Brodkorb 1963c Procellaria antiqua Milne-Edwards 1874

†P. barnesi Howard 1978

†P. calhouni Howard 1968

†P. conradi Marsh 1870

†P. diatomicus Miller 1925

†P. felthami Howard 1949

†P. gilmorei Chandler 1990

†P. inceptor Wetmore 1930

†P. kanakoffi Howard 1949

†P. micraulax Brodkorb 1963

†P. mitchelli Miller 1961

†P. nestori Alcover 1989

†P. priscus Miller 1961

†P. raemdonckii (Van Beneden 1871) Brodkorb 1962 [Larus Raemdonckii Beneden 1871]

†P. tedfordi Howard 1971

Gaviiformes

†Gaviella pusilla (Shufeldt 1915) Wetmore 1940

†Nasidytes ypresianus (Mayr & Kitchener, 2022)

Gaviidae
– loons
†Colymboides Milne-Edwards 1867 [Dyspetornis Oberholser 1905; Hydrornis Milne-Edwards 1867 non Blyth 1843; Davisona Mathews 1935; Megagallinula Kuročkin 1968] (Late Eocene – Early Miocene) – paraphyletic?
†C. harundinea (Kuročkin 1968) Megagallinula harundinea Kuročkin 1968)

†C. metzleri Mayr 2004

†C. anglicus Lydekker 1891a

†C. belgicus Mayr & Smith 2002

†C. minutus Milne-Edwards 1867

Placement unresolved
"Gavia" portisi (Late Pliocene of Orciano Pisano, Italy) – rentatively placed here. A nomen dubium?

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Gavia
(Early Miocene – Recent)
†G. egeriana
Švec 1982

†G. brodkorbi
Howard 1978

†G. paradoxa
Umanskaja 1981

†G. schultzi
Mlíkovsky 1998

†G. howardae
Brodkorb 1953c

†G. moldavica
Kessler 1984

†
G. concinna Wetmore 1940 [Gavia palaeodytes
Wetmore 1943]

†G. fortis
Olson & Rasmussen 2001

Sphenisciformes

Waimanu

Icadyptes

Unresolved and basal forms
†Waimanu Jones, Ando & Fordyce 2006 (Early – Late Palaeocene)
†W. manneringi
Jones, Ando & Fordyce 2006 (Mannering's penguin)

†W. tuatahi Jones, Ando & Fordyce 2006 (Waipara penguin)

†Perudyptes devriesi Clarke et al. 2007 – basal? (middle Eocene)

Sphenisciformes gen. et sp. indet. CADIC P 21 (middle Eocene)

Spheniscidae
– penguins
†Kaiika maxwelli Fordyce & Tomas 2011

†Palaeoapterodytes ictus (Ameghino 1891) Ameghino 1905 (nomen dubium) [Apterodytes Ameghino 1891 non Hermann 1783; Apterodytes ictus Ameghino 1891]

†Tereingaornis moisleyi Scarlett 1983 (Moisley's penguin)

†Crossvallia unienwillia Tambussi et al. 2005 (Late Paleocene)

†Anthropornis Wiman 1905 (mid-Eocene –? Early Oligocene)
†A. nordenskjoeldii Wiman 1905 (Nordenskjoeld's giant penguin)

†A. grandis (Wiman 1905) [Arthrodytes grandis (Ameghino 1901) Ameghino 1905]

†Archaeospheniscus Marples 1952 (mid-/Late Eocene – Late Oligocene)
†A. lowei Marples 1952 (Lowe's penguin)

†A. lopdelli Marples 1952 (Lopdell's penguin)

†Delphinornis Wiman 1905 [Notodyptes Marples 1953] (mid-/Late Eocene –? Early Oligocene)
†D. gracilis Myrcha et al. 2002

†D. larseni Wiman 1905

†D. arctowskii Myrcha et al. 2002

†D. wimani (Marples 1953) Ksepka & Clarke 2010 [Notodyptes wimani Marples 1953; Archaeospheniscus wimani (Marples 1953) Simpson 1971a]

†Palaeeudyptes Huxley 1859 [Eosphaeniscus Wiman 1905] (mid-/Late Eocene – Late Oligocene)
†P. klekowskii Myrcha, Tatur & del Valle 1990

†P. gunnari (Wiman 1905) [Eosphaeniscus gunnari Wiman 1905]

†Icadyptes salasi Clarke et al. 2007 (Late Eocene)

†Inkayacu paracasensis Clarke et al. 2010 (Late Eocene)

†Pachydyptes ponderosus Oliver 1930 (Late Eocene)

†Marambiornis exilis Myrcha et al. 2002 (Late Eocene–? Early Oligocene)

†Mesetaornis polaris Myrcha et al. 2002 (Late Eocene –? Early Oligocene)

†Tonniornis Tambussi et al. 2006 (Late Eocene –? Early Oligocene)
†T. mesetaensis Tambussi et al. 2006

†T. minimum Tambussi et al. 2006

†Wimanornis seymourensis Simpson 1971 (Late Eocene –? Early Oligocene)

†Arthrodytes andrewsi Ameghino 1901 (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)

†Duntroonornis parvus Marples 1953 (Duntroon penguin) (Late Oligocene)

†Kairuku Ksepka et al. 2012 (Late Oligocene)
†K. grebneffi
Ksepka et al. 2012

†K. waitaki
Ksepka et al. 2012

†Korora oliveri Marples 1952 (Oliver's penguin) (Late Oligocene)

†Platydyptes Marples 1952 (Late Oligocene)
†
P. marplesi (Brodkorb 1963) Simpson 1971 [Palaeeudyptes marplesi
Brodkorb 1963] (Simpson's/Marples' penguin)

†P. novaezealandiae
(Oliver 1930) Marples 1952 (wide-flippered penguin)

†P. amiesi
Marples 1952 (Amies' penguin)

†Eretiscus tonnii (Simpson 1981) Olson 1986 [Microdytes Simpson 1981 non Balfour-Browne 1949; Microdytes tonnii Simpson 1981] (Patagonia Early Miocene)

†Chubutodyptes
Simpson 1970] (Early? – Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
†P. huxleyorum Simpson 1973

†P. wimani (Ameghino 1905) [Perispheniscus wimani Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus robustus (partim) Simpson 1946]

†P. gracilis Ameghino 1899 [?Delphinornis gracilis; Palaeospheniscus nereius Ameghino 1901; Neculus rothi Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus rothi Ameghino 1905; Paraspheniscus nereius (Ameghino 1901) Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus medianus Ameghino 1905]

†P. patagonicus Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [Palaeospheniscus menzbieri Moreno & Mercerat 1891; Palaeospheniscus interruptus Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus intermedius Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus affinis Ameghino 1905]

†P. bergi Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [Paraspheniscus bergi (Moreno & Mercerat 1891) Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus planus Ameghino 1905; Palaeospheniscus interplanus Ameghino 1905; Pseudospheniscus interplanus Ameghino 1905; Pseudospheniscus planus Ameghino 1905 nom rej.; Pseudospheniscus concavus Ameghino 1905; Pseudospheniscus convexus Ameghino 1905 nom rej.]

†Chubutodyptes biloculata
Simpson 1970]

†Paraptenodytes Ameghino 1891 [Isotremornis Ameghino 1905; Metancylornis Ameghino 1905; Treleudytes Ameghino 1905] (Early – Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
†P. brodkorbi Simpson 1972 [Isotremornis nordenskjöldi Ameghino 1905 (partim)]

†P. robustus (Ameghino 1895) [Palaeospheniscus robustus Ameghino 1895; Perispheniscus robustus (Ameghino 1895) Brodkorb 1963; Paraptenodytes curtus Ameghino 1901; Metancylornis curtus (Ameghino 1901) Ameghino 1905; Paraptenodytes grandis Ameghino 1901; Arthrodytes grandis (Ameghino 1901) Ameghino 1905; Paraptenodytes andrewsi Ameghino 1901; Arthrodytes andrewsi (Ameghino 1901) Ameghino 1905; Treleudytes crassus Ameghino 1905]

†
P. antarcticus (Huxley 1859) Ameghino 1891 [Palaeeudyptes antarcticus Huxley 1859 non Hector 1873; Palaeospheniscus antarcticus
(Huxley 1859) Moreno & Mercerat 1891] (narrow-flippered penguin)

†Anthropodyptes gilli Simpson 1959 (Middle Miocene)

†Madrynornis mirandus Hospitaleche et al. 2007 (Late Miocene)

†Pseudaptenodytes Simpson 1970 (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)
†P. minor Simpson 1970

†P. macraei Simpson 1970

†Dege hendeyi Simpson 1979 (Early Pliocene)

†Marplesornis novaezealandiae (Marples 1960) Simpson 1972 [Paleospheniscus novaezealandiae Marples 1960] (Harris penguins) (Early Pliocene)

†Nucleornis insolitus Simpson 1979 (Early Pliocene)

†Spheniscus predemersus
Simpson 1971] (Late Pliocene)

Placement unresolved
Spheniscidae gen. et sp. indet (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of Hakataramea, New Zealand)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Pygoscelis (Middle/Late Miocene – Recent)
†P. calderensis Walsh & Suárez 2006

†P. tyreei Simpson 1972 (Tyree's penguin)

†P. grandis Walsh & Suárez 2006

Spheniscus
(Middle/Late Miocene – Recent)
†S. muizoni
Göhlich 2007

†S. chilensis
Emslie & Correa 2003

†S. megaramphus
Stucchi, Urbina & Giraldo 2003

†S. urbinai
Stucchi 2002

Aptenodytes (Early? Pliocene – Recent)
†A. ridgeni Simpson 1972 [Arthrodytes ridgeni (Simpson 1972)] (Ridgen's Penguin)

Eudyptes

†E. calauina
Hoffmeister et al. 2014

Pterocliformes

Pteroclidae
– sandgrouse
†Gerandia calcaria (Milne-Edwards 1869) Lambrecht 1933 [Columba calcaria Milne-Edwards 1869] (Early Miocene)

†Leptoganga sepultus (Milne-Edwards 1869) Mourer-Chauviré 1993 [Pterocles sepultus Milne-Edwards 1869]

†Archaeoganga Mourer-Chauviré 1992
†A. validus(Milne-Edwards 1892) [Pterocles validus Milne-Edwards 1892]

†A. pinguis Mourer-Chauviré 1992

†A. larvatus (Milne-Edwards 1892) [Pterocles larvatus Milne-Edwards 1892]

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Syrrhaptes
†S. kashini Kuročkin 1985

Columbiformes

Columbidae – doves and pigeons
Arenicolumba (Early Miocene) – doubtfully distinct from Patagioenas

Rupephaps (Early Miocene)

Placement unresolved
Columbidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Columba
(Early Pliocene – Recent)

Patagioenas (Early Pliocene – Recent)

Psittaciformes

Unresolved and basal fossil parrots:

Psittacopes (Early/middle Eocene)

Serudaptus – pseudasturid or psittacid?

Pseudasturidae (= Halcyornithidae
?)

Messelasturidae Mayr 2005
Tynskya eocaena Mayr 2000 (Early Eocene of N America and England)

Messelastur gratulator Peters 1994 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

Pseudasturidae FU 125 gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)

Pseudasturides – formerly Pseudastur

Vastanavidae
Vastanavis (Early Eocene of Vastan, India)

Quercypsittidae

Quercypsitta (Late Eocene)

Cacatuidae

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Cacatua (Early Miocene – Recent)

Psittacidae – parrots, parakeets and lories
Archaeopsittacus (Late Oligocene/Early Miocene)

Xenopsitta (Early Miocene)

Psittacidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) – several species

Bavaripsitta (Middle Miocene)

Psittacidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene) – erroneously placed in Pararallus dispar, includes "Psittacus lartetianus

Extant and recently extinct genera present in the fossil record
Conuropsis
(Early? Miocene – Holocene)

Nandayus
(Late Pliocene – Recent)

Cyanoliseus (Middle Pleistocene – Recent)

Aratinga (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Rhynchopsitta (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Strigopidae – New Zealand parrots, kakapo
Nelepsittacus (Middle Miocene)

Heracles (Middle Miocene)

Opisthocomiformes

Hoatzins

Opisthocomidae Swainson 1837 [Foratidae Olson 1992; Onychopterygidae Cracraft 1971]
†Foro panarium
Olson 1992 (Early Eocene) - cuculiform?

†Hoatzi panarium Thomas 1996

†Onychopteryx simpsoni Cracraft 1971 (Early Eocene of Argentina) – falconid? A nomen dubium

†Protoazin parisiensis Mayr & De Pietri 2014

†Namibiavis senutae Mourer-Chauviré 2003 (Late Oligocene of Namibia)

†Hoazinavis lacustris Alvarenga, Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2011 (Miocene of Brazil)

†Hoazinoides magdalenae Miller 1953 (Late Miocene of Colombia)

Musophagiformes

Musophagidae
– turacos
Placement unresolved
Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene – Middle Miocene of WC Europe)

Musophagidae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)

†Veflintornis Kashin 1976 [Apopempsis Brodkorb 1971 non Schenkling 1903] (Middle Miocene)
†V. meini (Ballmann 1969) [Musophaga meini Ballmann 1969]

†V. africanus (Harrison 1980) [Musophaga africanus Harrison 1980; Apopempsis africanus (Harrison 1980)] (Early Miocene)

Cuculiformes

Cuckoos, turacos and allies.

Placement unresolved
Cuculiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Early Eocene)

Cuculidae
– cuckoos
Eocuculus (Late Eocene)

Dynamopterus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)

Neococcyx (Early Oligocene)

Cursoricoccyx (Early Miocene)

Placement unresolved
Cuculidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)

Accipitriformes

Teratornis

†Teratornithidae Miller 1909– teratorns
†Argentavis magnificens Campbell & Tonni 1980 (Late Miocene)

†Teratornis incredibilis
Howard 1952] (Early Pliocene – Late Pleistocene)

†Teratornis olsoni
Arredondo & Arredondo 2002] (Cuban teratorn)(Pleistocene)

†Cathartornis gracilis Miller 1910

†Taubatornis campbelli Olson & Alvarenga 2002

†Teratornis Miller 1909 (Early Pleistocene – Late Pleistocene)
†T. woodburnensis
Campbell & Stenger 2002

†T. merriami
Miller 1909 (Merriam's teratorn)

Cathartidae
– New World vultures
†Brasilogyps faustoi Alvarenga 1985 (Late Oligocene – Early Miocene)

†Kuntur cardenasi
Stucchi et al. 2015

†Pleistovultur nevesi Alvarenga et al. 2008

†Tapinopus ellioti Milne-Edwards 1891

†Diatropornis ellioti (European vulture) (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene –? middle Oligocene)

†Phasmagyps patritus Wetmore 1927 (Early Oligocene)

†Hadrogyps aigialeus Emslie 1988 (American dwarf vulture) (Middle Miocene)

†Pliogyps Becker 1986 (Miocene vulture) (Late Miocene – Late Pliocene)
†P. charon Becker 1986

†P. fisheri Tordoff 1959

†Perugyps diazi Stucchi & Emslie 2005 (Peruvian vulture) (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)

†Vultur

†D. pampeanus Moreno & Mercerat, 1891

†D. hatcheri Degrange 2022

†Aizenogyps toomeyae Emslie 1998 (South American vulture) (Late Pliocene)

†Breagyps clarki Miller 1938 (long-legged vulture) (Late Pleistocene)

†Geronogyps reliquus Campbell 1979 (Late Pleistocene)

†Wingegyps cartellei Alvarenga & Olson 2004 (Amazonian vulture) (Late Pleistocene)

†Parasarcoramphus milneedwardsi Mourer-Chauviré 2002

Placement unresolved
Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Oligocene of Mongolia)

Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene of Lee Creek Mine, US)

Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Pliocene of Argentina)

Cathartidae gen. et sp. indet. (Cuba)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Sarcoramphus (Middle Pliocene –? Recent)
†S. kernense
' (Kern vulture)

†S. fischeri Campbell 1979

Gymnogyps (Early Pleistocene – Recent)
†G. howardae' Campbell 1979

†G. kofordi' Emslie 1988

Vultur
(Pliocene – Recent)– distinctiveness disputed
†V. fossilis
Moreno & Mercerat 1891 [Cathartes fossilis; Sarcoramphus fossilis]

†Horusornithidae
Mourer-Chauviré 1991
†Horusornis vianeyliaudae Mourer-Chauviré 1991 (Late Eocene)

Pandionidae
– ospreys
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Pandion (Early Oligocene – Recent)
†P. lovensis Becker 1985

†P. homalopteron Warter 1976

Sagittariidae – secretarybirds
†Amanuensis pickfordi Mourer-Chauviré 2003

†Pelargopappus Stejneger 1885(Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Late Oligocene/Early Miocene of France) – formerly Amphiserpentarius/Amynoptilon/Pelargopsis
†P. schlosseri

†P. magnus

Accipitridae – hawks, eagles and Old World vultures
Milvoides (Late Eocene)

Aquilavus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)

Palaeocircus (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)

Palaeastur (Early Miocene)

Pengana (Early Miocene)

Promilio (Early Miocene)

Proictinia (Early – Late Miocene/Early Pliocene)

Neophrontops (Early/middle Miocene – Late Pleistocene) – formerly in Neophron

Mioaegypius (middle Miocene)

Apatosagittarius (Late Miocene)

Gansugyps (Late Miocene)

Palaeoborus (Miocene)

Qiluornis (Miocene)

Thegornis (Miocene)

Garganoaetus (Early Pliocene)

Amplibuteo (Late Pliocene of Peru – Late Pleistocene) – Belongs to the extant genus Buteogallus^[19]

Cryptogyps (Middle – Late Pleistocene)

Neogyps (Late Pleistocene)

Palaeohierax – includes "Aquila" gervaisii

Placement unresolved
Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. AMNH FR 7434 (Early Eocene)

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Oligocene)

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene)

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. MPEF-PV-2523 (Late Miocene)

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Pliocene) – Parabuteo?

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene) – Buteo?

Accipitridae gen. et sp. indet. (Egypt)

"Aquila" danana (Late Miocene/Early Pliocene) – formerly also Geranoaetus or Buteo

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Haliaeetus (Early Oligocene – Recent)

Buteo (middle Oligocene – Recent)

Aquila
(Middle Miocene – Recent)

Buteogallus (Middle Miocene – Recent) – might include Harpyhaliaetus

"Hieraaetus" (Middle Miocene – Recent) – doubtfully distinct from Aquila

Milvus (Early Pleistocene – Recent)

Gyps (Middle Pleistocene – Recent)

Aegypius (Middle Pleistocene – Recent)

Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
Spizaetus grinnelli (Rancho La Brea Late Pleistocene of California, US) – formerly Geranoaetus or Buteo

Spizaetus pliogryps – formerly Aquila

Gypaetus georgii (Late Miocene)

Neophron lolis (Late Miocene)

Falconiformes

†Masillaraptoridae Mayr 2009
†Masillaraptor parvunguis Mayr 2006 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

†Danielsraptor phorusrhacoides Mayr & Kitchener 2022 (early Eocene of Essex, England)

Falconidae – falcons
†Lagopterus minutus Moreno & Mercerat 1891

†Parvulivenator watteli Harrison 1982 (Early Eocene)

†Stintonornis mitchelli Harrison 1984 (Early Eocene)

†Badiostes patagonicus Ameghino 1895 (Early Miocene)

†Pediohierax ramenta (Wetmore 1936) Becker 1987 [Falco ramenta Wetmore 1936] - (Middle Miocene)

†Thegornis musculosus Ameghino 1895 [Thegornis debilis Ameghino 1895; Buteo musculosus (Ameghino 1895) Agnolin 2006]
†Petrosushkinia pliocaena (Tugarinov 1935) Zelenkov 2015 [Sushkinia Tugarinov 1935 non Martynov 1930; Sushkinia pliocaena Tugarinov 1935] (Early Pliocene)

†Falconidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Milvago (Late Pleistocene -–Recent)
†M. alexandri Olson 1976

†M. brodkorbi Campbell 1979

Falco (Late Miocene – Recent)
†F. antiquus Mourer-Chauviré 1975

†F. bakalovi Boev 1999

†F. bulgaricus Boev 2011

†F. chowi Hou 1982

†F. hezhengensis Li et al. 2014

†F. medius Umanskaya 1981

†F. oregonus Brodkorb 1964

†F. pisanus Portis 1887

†F. umanskajae Sobolev 2003

Steatornithiformes

Paraprefica Mayr 1999 (Early Eocene?)
†P. kelleri Mayr 1999

†P. major Mayr 1999

Steatornithidae
– oilbirds
†Prefica nivea Olson 1987

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Steatornis
sp.

Nyctibiidae
– potoos
†Euronyctibius kurochkini Mourer-Chauviré 1989

Podargiformes

†Fluvioviridavidae
Mayr 2005
†Fluvioviridavis platyrhamphus Mayr & Daniels 2001 (Green River Early Eocene of N America)

Podargidae
– frogmouths
†Masillapodargus longipes Mayr 1999

†Quercypodargus olsoni Mourer-Chauvire 1989

Caprimulgiformes

Caprimulgidae
– nightjars
†Ventivorus ragei Mourer-Chauviré 1988

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Caprimulgus
†C. piurensis Campbell 1979

Aegotheliformes

Owlet-nightjars

Aegothelidae

†Quipollornis koniberi Rich & McEvey 1977 (Early/Middle Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Aegotheles
(Early/Middle Miocene – Recent)
†A. savesi
Layard & Layard 1881 (New Caledonian owlet-nightjar)

†A. zealandivetus
Worthy et al., 2022

Apodiformes

Swifts and hummingbirds.

†Wyomingcypselus pohli Weidig 2003 nomen nudum

†Procypseloides mourerchauvireae (Mlíkovský) Harrison & Walker 1977 (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)

†Laputavis robusta (Dyke 2001a) Dyke 2001b [Laputa Dyke 2001a non; Laputa robusta Dyke 2001a]

†Palescyvus escampensis Karhu 1988

†Scaniacypselus Harrison 1984 (Early – middle Eocene)
†S. wardi Harrison 1984

†S. szarskii (Peters 1985) Meyr & Peters 1999 [Aegialornis szarskii Peters 1985; Primapus szarskii (Peters 1985) Mourer-Chauviré 1988]

†Aegialornithidae
Lydekker 1891
†Primapus lacki Harrison & Walker 1975 [?Procuculus minutus Harrison & Walker 1977] (Early Eocene) ?apodid

†Aegialornis Lydekker 1891 [Tachyornis Milne-Edwards 1892; Belornis Milne-Edwards 1893; Mesogiornis Mlíkovský 2002](Early? – Late Eocene)
†A. leenhardti

†A. germanicus Mlíkovský 2002

†A. gallicus Lydekker 1891 [Tachyornis hirundo Milne-Edwards 1891]

†A. wetmorei Collins 1976 [Mesogiornis wetmorei (Collins 1976) Mlíkovský 2002]

†A. broweri Collins 1976 [Mesogiornis broweri (Collins 1976) Mlíkovský 2002]

†Cypselomorphae
?
†Eocypselus Harrison 1984 (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene of NC Europe)
†E. vincenti Harrison 1984

†E. rowei Ksepka et al. 2013

†Cypselavidae Mourer-Chauviré 2006
†Parargornis messelensis Mayr 2003 (middle Eocene) jungornithid, trochilid, basal as Argornis?

†Argornis caucasicus Karhu 1999 (Late Eocene) ?Trochilidae

†Cypselavus gallicus Gaillard 1908 (Late Eocene Early Oligocene) aegialornithid or hemiprocnid

†Jungornithidae Karhu 1988
†Jungornis Karhu 1988 (Early Oligocene of N Caucasus, Russia)
†J. tesselatus Karhu 1988

†J. geraldmayri Mourer-Chauviré & Sigé 2006

Trochilidae
hummingbirds
†Eurotrochilus Mayr 2004 (Early Oligocene)
†E. inexpectatus
Mayr 2004

†E. noniewiczi Bochenski & Bochenski 2008

Placement unresolved
Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Bahamas, West Indies)

Trochilidae sp. et gen. indet. (Brazil)

Apodidae
– swifts
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Collocalia (Early Miocene – Recent)

Apus
(Middle/Late Miocene – Recent)

Chaetura (Late Miocene – Recent)

Tachornis (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Coliiformes

Mousebirds and relatives

Unresolved and basal forms
†Botauroides parvus Shufeldt 1915 (Eocene of Wyoming, US)

†Eobucco brodkorbi Feduccia & Martin 1976 - sandcoleid?

†Eocolius walkeri Dyke & Waterhouse 2001 (London Clay Early Eocene of Walton-on-the-Naze, England) - sandcoleid or coliid

†Limnatornis Milne-Edwards 1871 (Early Miocene of Saint-Gérand-le-Puy, France) - coliid? (Urocolius?)

†Coliiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene of Kohfidisch, Austria)^[20]

†Uintornis Marsh 1872 - sandcoleid?

Family †Chascacocoliidae Zelenkov & Dyke 2008
Genus †Chascacocolius Houde & Olson 1992 (Late Paleocene ?- Early Eocene) - basal? sandcoleid?

Family †Selmeidae Zelenkov & Dyke 2008
†Selmes absurdipes Peters 1999 (Middle Eocene ?-Late Oligocene of C Europe) - coliid? (synonym of Primocolius?)

Family †Sandcoleidae Houde & Olson 1992 sensu Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2004
†Sandcoleus copiosus Houde & Olson 1992 (Paleocene)

†Anneavis anneae Houde & Olson 1992

†Eoglaucidium pallas Fischer 1987

Family
Coliidae
Swainson 1837 sensu Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2004
†Primocolius Mourer-Chauviré 1988 (Late Eocene/Oligocene of Quercy, France)

†Oligocolius Mayr 2000 (Early Oligocene of Frauenweiler, Germany)

†Masillacolius brevidactylus Mayr & Peters 1998 (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Necrornis
Milne-Edwards 1871]

†
Zealandornithidae

†Zealandornis relictus Worthy et al., 2022 (Early Miocene of Otago, New Zealand)

Strigiformes

Owls and barn owls

Unresolved and basal forms
Berruornis (Late Paleocene) – basal? Sophornithidae?

Strigiformes gen. et sp. indet. (Late Paleocene)

Palaeoglaux (middle – Late Eocene) – own family Palaeoglaucidae or Strigidae?

Palaeobyas (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) – Tytonidae? Sophiornithidae?

Palaeotyto (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene) – Tytonidae?

Strigiformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early Oligocene)

Ogygoptyngidae

Ogygoptynx (Middle/Late Paleocene)

Protostrigidae
Eostrix (Early – middle Eocene)

Minerva (middle – Late Eocene) – formerly Protostrix, includes "Aquila" ferox, "Aquila" lydekkeri, and "Bubo" leptosteus

Oligostrix (middle Oligocene)

Sophiornithidae
Sophiornis

Strigidae
– typical owls
Mioglaux (Late Oligocene? – Early Miocene) – includes "Bubo" poirreiri

Intulula (Early/Middle –? Late Miocene) – includes "Strix/Ninox" brevis

Alasio (Middle Miocene) – includes "Strix" collongensis

Oraristrix (Late Pleistocene)

Miosurnia (Late Miocene)

Placement unresolved
"Otus" wintershofensis (Early/Middle Miocene) – may be close to extant genus Ninox

"Strix" edwardsi (Middle/Late? Miocene)

"Asio" pygmaeus (Early Pliocene)

Strigidae gen. et sp. indet. UMMP V31030 (Late Pliocene) – Strix/Bubo?

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Strix (Early Miocene – Recent)

Bubo
(Late Miocene? – Recent)

Asio (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Athene (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Glaucidium
(Late Pliocene – Recent)

Surnia (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Pulsatrix (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Tytonidae
– barn owls
Nocturnavis (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)

Selenornis (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene)

Necrobyas (Late Eocene/Early Oligocene – Early Miocene)

Prosybris (Early Oligocene? – Early Miocene)

Placement unresolved
Tytonidae gen. et sp. indet. TMT 164 (Middle Miocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Tyto (Late Miocene – Recent)

Coraciiformes

Rollers and allies. Probably paraphyletic.

Basal and unresolved forms
†Quasisyndactylus longibrachis Mayr 1998 (middle Eocene) – alcediniform, basal?

†Paracoracias occidentalis Clarke et al. 2009

†Cryptornis antiquus Gervais 1848–52 [nomen nudum] (Late Eocene) – bucerotid? geranopterid?

†Protornis glarniensis von Meyer 1856 (Oligocene) – basal to motmotids and meropids?

† Coraciiformes gen. et spp. indet. PQ 1216, QU 15640 (Late Eocene) – 2 species

†Geranopteridae Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2000
†Geranopterus Milne-Edvards 1892 (Late Eocene – Early Miocene)
†G. alatus (Mayr & Mourer-Chauvire 2000)

†G. bohemicus (Mlikovsky 1999) Mourer-Chauvire 1999 [Nupharanassa bohemica Mlikovsky 1999]

†G. milneendwardsi Mayr & Mourer-Chauvire 2000

†Eocoraciidae
Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2000
†Eocoracias brachyptera Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré 2000 (middle Eocene)

†Primobucconidae Feduccia & Martin 1976 sensu Mayr, Mourer-Chauviré & Weidig 2004
†Primobucco Brodkorb 1970 [Neanis Brodkorb 1965 non Gistl 1848] (Early – middle Eocene)
†P. kestneri Feduccia 1973 [Neanis kestneri (Feduccia 1973) Feduaccia 1976]

†P. frugilegus Mayr, Mourer-Chauviré & Weidig 2004

†P. mcgrewi Brodkorb 1970

†P. perneri Mayr, Mourer-Chauviré & Weidig 2004

Todidae
– todies
†Palaeotodus Olson 1976 (Late Eocene of France – Early Oligocene of WC Europe and Wyoming)
†P. emryi Olson 1976

†P. escampsiensis Mourer-Chauviré 1985

†P. itardiensis Mourer-Chauviré 1985

Motmotidae
– motmots
Placement unresolved
Momotidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)

Coraciidae
†Miocoracias chenevali Mourer-Chauviré, Peyrouse & Hugueney 2013

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Eurystomus
†E. beremedensis Kessler 2010

Bucerotiformes

†Messelirrisoridae

†Messelirrisor Mayr 1998 (middle Eocene)
†M. halcyorostris Mayr 1998

†M. parvus Mayr 1998

†M. grandis Mayr 2000

Phoeniculidae
(woodhoopoes)
†Phirriculus pinicola Mlíkovský & Göhlich 2000

Bucerotidae
– hornbills
†Euroceros bulgaricus Boev & Kovachev 2007 (Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo, Bulgaria)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Bucorvus

†B. brailloni Brunet 1971

Trogoniformes

Trogonidae
– trogons
†Foshanornis songi Zhao et al. 2015

†Septentrogon madseni Kristoffersen 2002 (Fur Late Paleocene/Early Eocene of Ejerslev, Denmark)

†Paratrogon gallicus (Milne-Edwards 1871) Lambrecht 1933 [Trogon gallicus Milne-Edwards 1871] (Early Miocene of France)

†Primotrogon Mayr 1999 [Masillatrogon Mayr 2009] (middle Eocene of Messel, Germany? - Early Oligocene of France)
†P. wintersteini Mayr 1999

†Masillatrogon pumilio
(Mayr 2005) Mayr 2009]

Placement unresolved
Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 1 (NW Europe)

Trogonidae gen. et sp. indet. 2 (NW Europe)

Piciformes

Placement unresolved
Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. IRScNB Av 65 (Early Oligocene)

Rupelramphastoides (Early Oligocene) – ramphastid?

Piciformes gen. et sp. indet. SMF Av 429 (Late Oligocene)

Capitonides (Early – Middle Miocene) – ramphastid? "capitonid" (Lybiidae, Megalaimidae)? own family Capitonididae?

Pici gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene) – "capitonid" (Lybiidae, Megalaimidae?)

Miopiconidae
Miopico

Lybiidae – African barbets
Lybiidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene) – extant genus Pogoniulus
?

Galbulidae

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Galbula hylochoreutes (Middle Miocene of La Venta, Colombia)

Picavidae
Picavus

Picidae
– woodpeckers
Palaeopicus (Late Oligocene)

Palaeonerpes (Early Pliocene)

Pliopicus (Early Pliocene)

Placement unresolved
Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Middle Miocene)

Picidae gen. et sp. indet. (Late Miocene)

cf. Colaptes DMNH 1262 (Early Pliocene of Ainsworth, US)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Campephilus (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Colaptes

Dendrocopos

Additional prehistoric subspecies of extant species
Melanerpes superciliaris ssp. (Little Exuma, Bahamas)

Melanerpes superciliaris ssp. (New Providence, Bahamas)

Passeriformes

Placement unresolved
Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early Eocene) – several species, oscine?

Resoviaornis (Early Oligocene)

Wieslochia (Early Oligocene)

Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Late Oligocene) – several suboscine and oscine species

Certhiops (Early Miocene of Germany) – basal Certhioidea

Passeriformes gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) – suboscine?

Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) – several species, oscine?

Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene) – several species, basal?

Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Middle Miocene) – several species, oscine?

Passeriformes gen. et spp. indet. (Late Miocene) – Sylvioidea

"Palaeostruthus" eurius (Pliocene)

Eurylaimidae – broadbills
Placement unresolved
Eurylaimidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Miocene)

Palaeoscinidae

Palaeoscinis (Late Miocene)

Furnariidae
– ovenbirds
†Pseudoseisuropsis
†P. nehuen (Early Pleistocene of Argentina)

†P. cuelloi (Late Pleistocene of Uruguay)

†P. wintu (Early Pleistocene of Argentina)

Prehistoric species of extant genera
Pseudoseisura cursor (Ensenada Early/Middle Pleistocene of Anchorena, Argentina)

Cinclodes major (Middle Pleistocene of Buenos Aires Province, Argentina)

Menuridae
– lyretails
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Menura
(Early Miocene – Recent)

Meliphagidae
– honeyeaters
Placement unresolved
Meliphagidae gen. et spp. indet. (Middle/Late Miocene – Pliocene of Riversleigh, Australia) – at least 7 spp., some may be from extant genera

Orthonychidae – logrunners
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Orthonyx
(Middle/Late Miocene – Recent)

Oriolidae
– Old World orioles
Longmornis (Early Miocene of Riversleigh, Australia)

Artamidae – woodswallows, butcherbirds, currawongs and Australian magpie
Placement unresolved
Artamidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Miocene) – cracticine

Corvidae – crows, ravens, jays and magpies
Miocorvus (Middle Miocene)

Miopica (Middle Miocene)

Miocitta (Late Miocene)

Protocitta (Early Pleistocene)

Henocitta (Middle Pleistocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Corvus
(Late Miocene — Recent)

Pica (Late Pliocene/Early Pleistocene – Recent)

Pyrrhocorax

Placement unresolved
Corvidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early Pliocene)

Corvidae gen. et sp. indet. (Early/Middle Pleistocene) – probably belongs in extant genus

Laniidae
– shrikes
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Lanius (Early Miocene – Recent)

Regulidae
– kinglets
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Regulus (Late Pliocene – Recent)

Hirundinidae
– swallows and martins
Placement unresolved
Hirundinidae gen. et spp. indet. (Early Pliocene of Langebaanweg, South Africa) – 2 species

Megaluridae
– grass-warblers and allies
Extant genera present in the fossil record
?Locustella
(Late Miocene – Recent)

Acrocephalidae – marsh- and tree-warblers
Extant genera present in the fossil record
?Acrocephalus (Late Miocene – Recent)

Muscicapidae
– Old World flycatchers and chats
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Luscinia (Late Miocene – Recent)

Turdidae
– thrushes
Extant genera present in the fossil record
?Turdus
(Middle? Miocene – Recent)

Alaudidae
– larks
Eremarida (Late Miocene of Hrabarsko, Bulgaria)

Motacillidae – wagtails
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Motacilla

Fringillidae
– finches
Extant genera present in the fossil record
Loxia
(Late Pliocene – Recent)

Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
Coccothraustes simeonovi (Late Pliocene of Varshets, Bulgaria)

Coccothraustes balcanicus

Icteridae
– grackles and New World orioles
Pandanaris
(Pleistocene)

Pyelorhamphus (Pleistocene)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Euphagus (Late Pleistocene – Recent)

Cardinalidae – cardinals
Placement unresolved
Passerina sp. (Early Pliocene of Yepómera, Mexico)

Emberizidae
– buntings and New World sparrows
Pampaemberiza (Middle Pleistocene of Necochea, Argentina)

Extant genera present in the fossil record
Ammodramus (Late Miocene – Recent) – including Palaeostruthus

Additional prehistoric species of extant genera
Pipilo angelensis (Pleistocene of Rancho La Brea, US)

Avialans incertae sedis

These fossil taxa cannot be assigned to any major group with reasonable certainty. The "proto-birds" above are of some indeterminate basal position in the entire avialan (and paravian) radiation, but known from such diagnostic material that their relationships at the
reptiles" such as dinosaurs
cannot be ruled out at present.

†"Ichthyornis" minusculus Nesov 1990 (Bissekty Late Cretaceous of Kyzyl Kum, Uzbekistan) – enantiornithine?

†Qinornis paleocenica Xue 1995 (Early/Middle Paleocene) – enantiornithine? neornithine?

See also

Bird ichnology

Dominant group (extinction)

Feathered dinosaurs

List of recently extinct birds

Late Quaternary prehistoric birds

List of paleognaths

List of Galliformes

List of Columbidae species

Flightless birds

Origin of birds

Prehistoric life

Footnotes

^ Sereno (2005)

^ Chiappe (2001, 2002)

^ See e.g. Mortimer (2004), Sereno (2005)

^ "Taxonomic lists- Aves". Paleofile.com (net, info). Archived from the original on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

^ Brodkob, Pierce (1963). "Catalogue of fossil birds 1- Archaeopterygiformes through Ardeiformes". Biological Sciences, Bulletin of the Florida State Museum. 7 (4): 180–293.

^ Clarke et al. (2006)

^
ISBN 978-0-375-82419-7. Winter 2011 Appendix.

^ Kurochkin, E.N. et al. (2006)

S2CID 85261944
.

^ Li Li; En-pu Gong; Li-dong Zhang; Ya-jun Yang; Lian-hai Hou (2010). "A new enantiornithine bird (aves) from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 49 (4): 524–531.

S2CID 128580503
.

hdl:11336/60953
.

^ Kurochkin (2006)

^ O'Connor, J.K. (2012)

^ Fide Chiappe (2002)

S2CID 56002643. Archived from the original
on 2013-01-07.

doi:10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1546
.

^
S2CID 134072594
.

S2CID 237456822
.

^ Similar to Urocolius and Limnatornis (if distinct): Mlíkovský (2002)

References

Chiappe, Luis M. (2001): The rise of birds. In: Briggs, Derek E.G. & Crowther, P.R. (eds.): Palaeobiology II: A Synthesis: 102-106. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.

Chiappe, Luis M. (2002): Basal bird phylogeny: problems and solutions. In: Chiappe, L.M. and Witmer, L.M. (eds.): Mesozoic Birds: Above the Heads of Dinosaurs: 448-472. University of California Press, Berkeley, US.

Clarke, Julia A.; Zhou, Zhonghe; Zhang, Fucheng (2006). "Insight into the evolution of avian flight from a new clade of Early Cretaceous ornithurines from China and the morphology of Yixianornis grabaui". Journal of Anatomy. 208 (3): 287–308.
PMID 16533313. Electronic Appendix

Gauthier, Jacques A. & de Queiroz, Kevin (2001): Feathered dinosaurs, flying dinosaurs, crown dinosaurs, and the name "Aves". In: Gauthier, Jacques & Gall, L.F. (eds.): New Perspectives on the Origin and Early Evolution of Birds: Proceedings of the International Symposium in Honor of John H. Ostrom: 7-41. Peabody Museum of Natural History, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut.

Mortimer, Michael (2004): The Theropod Database: Phylogeny of taxa. Retrieved 2013-MAR-02.

Olson, Storrs L. (1985): The fossil record of birds. In: Farner, D.S.; King, J.R. & Parkes, Kenneth C. (eds.): Avian Biology 8: 79-238. Academic Press, New York. Not in copyright; PDF fulltext

Sereno, Paul Callistus (2005): TaxonSearch: Stem Archosauria. Version 1.0, November 7, 2005. Retrieved 2007-APR-30.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Aves fossils.

Aves Translation and Pronunciation Guide by Ben Creisler (archived 30 September 2007)

Ingersoll, Ernest (1920). "Birds, Fossil" . Encyclopedia Americana.

"Bird, Fossil" . New International Encyclopedia
. 1905.

v
t
e
Birds (class: Aves)

Outline

Anatomy

Beak

Brain

Crop
milk

Dactyly

Eggs

Feathers

Flight

Preen gland

Plumage

Vision

Behaviour

Singing

Intelligence

Migration

Foraging

Sexual selection

Lek mating

Seabird breeding

Incubation

Brood parasites

Nesting

Hybrids

Evolution

Origin of birds
Theropoda

dinosaurs

Origin of flight

Evolution of birds

Darwin's finches

Seabirds

Fossil birds

Archaeopteryx

Omnivoropterygiformes

Jeholornithidae

Confuciusornithiformes

Enantiornithes

Chaoyangiformes

Patagopterygiformes

Ambiortiformes

Songlingornithiformes

Hongshanornithidae

Gansuiformes

Ichthyornithiformes

Hesperornithes

Lithornithiformes

Dinornithiformes

Aepyornithiformes

Gastornithiformes

Human
interaction

Ringing

Ornithology

Ornithomancy

Bird collections

Birdwatching
big year

Bird feeding

Conservation

Aviculture

Waterfowl hunting

Cockfighting

Pigeon racing

Falconry

Pheasantry

Imping

Egg collecting

Lists

Families and orders

Genera

Glossary of bird terms

List by population

Lists by region

Extinct species since 1500

Late Quaternary prehistoric birds

Notable birds
individuals

fictional

Neornithes
Palaeognathae

Struthioniformes (ostriches)

Rheiformes (rheas)

Tinamiformes (tinamous)

Apterygiformes (kiwis)

Casuariiformes (emus and cassowaries)

G
a
l
l
o
a
n
s
e
r
a
e
(fowls)
Anseriformes
(waterfowls)
Anatidae
(ducks)

Anatinae
Aythyini

Mergini

Oxyurini

Anserinae
swans

true geese

Dendrocygninae

Stictonettinae

Tadorninae

Anhimidae

Anhima

Chauna

Anseranatidae

Anseranas

gamebirds)
Cracidae

Cracinae

Oreophasinae

Penelopinae

Megapodidae

Aepypodius

Alectura

Eulipoa

Leipoa

Macrocephalon

Megapodius

Talegalla

Numididae

Acryllium

Agelastes

Guttera

Numida

Odontophoridae

Callipepla

Colinus

Cyrtonyx

Dactylortyx

Dendrortyx

Odontophorus

Oreortyx

Philortyx

Rhynchortyx

Phasianidae

Meleagridinae (turkeys)

Perdicinae

Phasianinae (pheasants and relatives)

Tetraoninae

Neoaves
Columbea
Columbimorphae

Columbiformes (doves and pigeons)

Mesitornithiformes (mesites)

Pterocliformes (sandgrouse)

Mirandornithes

Phoenicopteriformes (flamingos)

Podicipediformes (grebes)

Passerea
Otidimorphae

Cuculiformes (cuckoos)

Musophagiformes (turacos)

Otidiformes (bustards)

Strisores

Caprimulgiformes (nightjars and relatives)

Steatornithiformes

Podargiformes

Apodiformes (swifts and hummingbirds)

Opisthocomiformes

Opisthocomiformes (hoatzin)

Cursorimorphae

Charadriiformes (gulls and relatives)

Gruiformes (cranes and relatives)

Phaethontimorphae

Phaethontiformes (tropicbirds)

Eurypygiformes (kagu and sunbittern)

Aequornithes

Gaviiformes (loons or divers)

Sphenisciformes (penguins)

Procellariiformes (albatrosses and petrels)

Ciconiiformes (storks)

Suliformes (cormorants and relatives)

Pelecaniformes (pelicans and relatives)

Australaves

Cariamiformes (seriemas and relatives)

Falconiformes (falcons and relatives)

Psittaciformes (parrots)

Passeriformes (perching birds)

Afroaves

Cathartiformes (New World vultures and condors)

Accipitriformes (eagles and hawks)

Strigiformes (owls)

Coliiformes (mousebirds)

Trogoniformes (trogons and quetzals)

Leptosomiformes (cuckoo-roller)

Bucerotiformes (hornbills and hoopoes)

Coraciiformes (kingfishers and rollers)

Piciformes (woodpeckers and relatives)

Category

Commons

Portal

WikiProject

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_fossil_bird_genera&oldid=1228063850"

[sereno2005-1] Sereno (2005)

[2] Chiappe (2001, 2002)

[3] See e.g. Mortimer (2004), Sereno (2005)

[4] "Taxonomic lists- Aves". Paleofile.com (net, info). Archived from the original on 11 January 2016. Retrieved 30 December 2015.

[5] Brodkob, Pierce (1963). "Catalogue of fossil birds 1- Archaeopterygiformes through Ardeiformes". Biological Sciences, Bulletin of the Florida State Museum. 7 (4): 180–293.

[6] Clarke et al. (2006)

[Holtz2007-7] 
ISBN 978-0-375-82419-7. Winter 2011 Appendix.

[8] Kurochkin, E.N. et al. (2006)

[Sulcavis-9] S2CID 85261944
.

[camptodontus10-10] Li Li; En-pu Gong; Li-dong Zhang; Ya-jun Yang; Lian-hai Hou (2010). "A new enantiornithine bird (aves) from the Early Cretaceous of Liaoning, China". Acta Palaeontologica Sinica. 49 (4): 524–531.

[Dyke-11] S2CID 128580503
.

[Novas-12] :11336/60953
.

[kurochkin2006-13] Kurochkin (2006)

[oconnor2012-14] O'Connor, J.K. (2012)

[15] Fide Chiappe (2002)

[16] S2CID 56002643. Archived from the original
on 2013-01-07.

[17] :10.3853/j.0067-1975.62.2010.1546
.

[PPChenoanas-18] 
S2CID 134072594
.

[19] S2CID 237456822
.

[20] Similar to Urocolius and Limnatornis (if distinct): Mlíkovský (2002)

[1]

[2]

[3]

[5]

[6]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

Taxonomic list of fossil prehistoric birds

Basal Avialae (extinct)

Basal Pygostylia (extinct)

Enantiornithes (extinct)

Basal Euornithes (extinct)

Basal Ornithurae (extinct)

Neornithes

†Dinornithiformes

Apterygiformes

†Lithornithiformes Houde 1988

Tinamiformes

Vegaviiformes

†Gastornithiformes (extinct)

Otidiformes

Podicipediformes

Ciconiiformes

Sphenisciformes

Pterocliformes

Columbiformes

Psittaciformes

Opisthocomiformes

Musophagiformes

Cuculiformes

Steatornithiformes

Podargiformes

Caprimulgiformes

Aegotheliformes

Coliiformes

†Zealandornithidae

Strigiformes

Trogoniformes

Passeriformes

Avialans incertae sedis

See also

Footnotes

References

External links

†
Dinornithiformes

†
Lithornithiformes
Houde 1988

†
Zealandornithidae