Tabarka
Tabarka
طبرقة | |
---|---|
UTC1 (CET ) | |
Postal Code | 8110 |
Tabarka (
Name
Tabarka was known to the Carthaginians as TBRKʿN (
History
Although older sources placed Thabraca within the
From 1540 to 1742, the Genoese maintained a garrison on the adjacent island, also called Tabarka, which lies about 365 yards (334 m) off the town. In 1540 the island was given by the Ottoman Bey of Tunis as a concession to the Genoese Lomellini family.[13] The Genoese were in the service of Spain during 1553 at the request of Emperor Charles V who was interested in coral fishing. The Lomellini were part of the circle of Andrea Doria, Doge of Genoa, and were related to the Grimaldi family. The grant was possibly due to a secret ransom for the release of the pirate Turkish Dragut, captured in 1540 by Giannettino Doria, nephew of Andrea Doria. The Lomellini colonized Tabarca with a group of inhabitants of Pegli,[14] near Genoa, where they had various properties and a huge palace. The community of Pegliesi lived in Tabarka for several centuries.
In 1738 due to the exhaustion of the coral reefs and the deterioration of relations with the Arab population a large group of "Tabarkini" moved to
Under French colonial rule it was annexed to the civil district of
Ecclesiastical history
Thabraca became a
Bishops
The
- Victoricus, at the Council of Carthage (256)[18]
- Rusticianus, at the conference of Carthage in 411, where his competitor was the Donatist Charentius; he also signed in 416 the letter from the council of Proconsular Africa to Pope Innocent I;
- Clarissimus, who in 646 signed the letter from the same Council to Monothelites.
The
Titular bishops
- Pierre Brigot, (22 Jan 1755 Appointed – 8 Nov 1791)
- St. Louis Gabriel Taurin Dufresse, (24 Jul 1798 Appointed – 14 Sep 1815)
- Edward Kernan (6 Feb 1818 Appointed – 19 Nov 1824)
- Rémi Gaulin † (10 May 1833 Appointed – 14 Jan 1840 Succeeded, Bishop of Kingston, Ontario)
- Bernardino di Milia, (27 Mar 1884 Appointed – 4 Jun 1891)
- Antonin Guillermain, (12 Jan 1895 Appointed – 14 Jul 1896)
- Henri Streicher, (1 Feb 1897 Appointed – 2 Jun 1933)
- Auguste-Joseph-Marie Cogneau (23 Jun 1933 Appointed – 12 Apr 1952)
- Georges Kettel, (24 Mar 1953 Appointed – 10 Nov 1959)
- Charles Quentin Bertram Olwell, (19 Jan 1961 Appointed – 30 Jan 1972)
- Antônio Agostinho Marochi (27 Sep 1973 Appointed – 2 Feb 1976)
- Sebastian Acol Dalis (18 Nov 1987 Appointed – 27 Oct 2004 Died)
- Pedro Joaquin Hernández Cantarero, (12 Feb 2005 Appointed – )[20]
Weather
Climate
The weather in Tabarka is usually variable from year to year. Summers are mostly hot and dry, but milder than the Saharan hinterland. It barely rains in July and August. The average temperatures for this season is 28.2 °C (82.8 °F). Winters are mostly rainy and mild. The average temperature for this season is 12.0 °C (53.6 °F).
Climate data for Tabarka (1981-2010, mean monthly temperature and precipitation 1994–2019, extremes 1953–2017) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 26.1 (79.0) |
29.2 (84.6) |
36.5 (97.7) |
37.0 (98.6) |
41.4 (106.5) |
47.1 (116.8) |
47.4 (117.3) |
48.4 (119.1) |
43.3 (109.9) |
39.7 (103.5) |
33.2 (91.8) |
28.1 (82.6) |
48.4 (119.1) |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 15.7 (60.3) |
16.1 (61.0) |
18.2 (64.8) |
20.7 (69.3) |
24.8 (76.6) |
28.7 (83.7) |
31.7 (89.1) |
32.1 (89.8) |
29.3 (84.7) |
25.9 (78.6) |
20.6 (69.1) |
17.0 (62.6) |
23.4 (74.1) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | 11.8 (53.2) |
11.8 (53.2) |
13.7 (56.7) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.6 (67.3) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.0 (78.8) |
26.5 (79.7) |
23.8 (74.8) |
20.8 (69.4) |
16.3 (61.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
18.6 (65.4) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
7.6 (45.7) |
8.9 (48.0) |
10.9 (51.6) |
14.0 (57.2) |
17.1 (62.8) |
19.9 (67.8) |
20.6 (69.1) |
18.8 (65.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
11.9 (53.4) |
8.9 (48.0) |
13.5 (56.3) |
Record low °C (°F) | −0.5 (31.1) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
3.0 (37.4) |
7.5 (45.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
9.0 (48.2) |
8.5 (47.3) |
4.0 (39.2) |
0.5 (32.9) |
0.0 (32.0) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 159 (6.3) |
128 (5.0) |
102 (4.0) |
92 (3.6) |
47 (1.9) |
17 (0.7) |
4 (0.2) |
14 (0.6) |
65 (2.6) |
107 (4.2) |
164 (6.5) |
170 (6.7) |
1,069 (42.3) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 11.9 | 10.6 | 9.8 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 2.1 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 5.1 | 8.5 | 11.5 | 11.3 | 87.3 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
72 | 73 | 73 | 72 | 72 | 70 | 65 | 68 | 70 | 71 | 75 | 74 | 71 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 120.9 | 134.4 | 179.8 | 210.0 | 241.8 | 282.0 | 316.2 | 297.6 | 240.0 | 201.5 | 126.0 | 117.8 | 2,468 |
Source: Institut National de la Météorologie (days/humidity/sun 1961–1990)[21][22][23][note 1] |
Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
16 °C (61 °F) | 15 °C (59 °F) | 15 °C (59 °F) | 16 °C (61 °F) | 18 °C (64 °F) | 21 °C (70 °F) | 24 °C (75 °F) | 26 °C (79 °F) | 25 °C (77 °F) | 23 °C (73 °F) | 20 °C (68 °F) | 17 °C (63 °F) |
Transport
The airport in Tabarka was named Airport 7 Novembre until the
See also
- Tabarka Rocks
- Tabarka Jazz Festival
- Fossa regia
- Genoese-Tabarka diaspora
- European enclaves in North Africa before 1830
Featured in film, The Golden Salamander, with Trevor Howard, Herbert Lom and Anouk Aimee.{Paul Thomson}
Gallery
References
Citations
- ^ Derek Hopwood & Sue Mi Terry, Habib Bourguiba of Tunisia:The Tragedy of Longevity, Springer 2016 p.72
- ^ Elżbieta Lisowscy, DK Eyewitness Travel Guide: Tunisia, Dorling Kindersley 2011 p.41
- ^ Donna Wheeler, Paul Clammer & Emilie Filou, Tunisia: Lonely Planet, 2010 p.284
- ^ Head & al. (1911), p. 886.
- ^ Ghaki (2015), p. 67.
- ^ "Charlton T. Lewis, Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary". Archived from the original on 28 February 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ISBN 9780819603678. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ISBN 9780199545568. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ISBN 9780521196970. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ISBN 9781565481633. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
- ^ ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), p. 979
- ^ a b c d e f Thabraca at Catholic Encyclopedia.org
- ^ Thomas Allison Kirk, Genoa and the Sea, JHU Press, 2013
- ^ "L'Isola di Tabarka e le tracce dei genovesi". www.lastampa.it. May 2012. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
- ^ "Calasetta". Sardegna Turismo. Archived from the original on 5 February 2017. Retrieved 4 February 2017.
- ^ Varela, Santiago (1983). "Nueva Tabarca / Nova Tabarca: 1. Generalidades / 1. Generalitats". Alicante / Alacant, Tabarca: Rutas de aproximación al patrimonio cultural valenciano / Rutes d'aproximació al patrimoni cultural valencià (in Spanish and Catalan). Juan Calduch; Joaquín Lara (graphic dessing). Servicio de patrimonio arquitectónico: Conselleria de Cultura, Educación y Ciencia: Generalidad Valenciana.
- ^ Thabraca at New Advent Catholic Encyclopedia.
- ^ A Library of Fathers of the Holy Catholic Church, Anterior to the Division of the East and West, Volume 17 (J.H. Parker, 1844) p294.
- ^ Titular Episcopal See of Thabraca at GCatholic.org.
- ^ a b Thabraca at catholic-hierarchy.org.
- ^ "Les normales climatiques en Tunisie entre 1981 2010" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 19 December 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Données normales climatiques 1961-1990" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Les extrêmes climatiques en Tunisie" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Archived from the original on 21 December 2019. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ^ "Réseau des stations météorologiques synoptiques de la Tunisie" (in French). Ministère du Transport. Retrieved 3 January 2020.
- ISBN 9781947192898. Retrieved 29 May 2022.
- ^ Weather2Travel - Tabarka. Retrieved 2 July 2020.
Notes
Bibliography
- Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. .
- Ghaki, Mansour (2015), "Toponymie et Onomastique Libyques: L'Apport de l'Écriture Punique/Néopunique" (PDF), La Lingua nella Vita e la Vita della Lingua: Itinerari e Percorsi degli Studi Berberi, Studi Africanistici: Quaderni di Studi Berberi e Libico-Berberi, Naples: Unior, pp. 65–71, ISSN 2283-5636, archived from the original(PDF) on 28 April 2020, retrieved 3 November 2018. (in French)
- Head, Barclay; et al. (1911), "Numidia", Historia Numorum (2nd ed.), Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 884–887.
External links
- Tabarka.Com Tabarka Guide
- Tabarka.Org
- Photo gallery of Tabarka in 1924. French Naval Intelligence
- WorldStatesmen-Tunisia
- Reading Room Manchester. "CWGC – Cemetery Details". cwgc.org. Retrieved 28 March 2016.