Transport in Tamil Nadu
Life in Tamil Nadu |
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Tamil Nadu, a state in South India, has a developed, dense, and modern transportation infrastructure, encompassing both public and private transport. Its capital city Chennai is well-connected by land, sea, and air and serves as a major hub for entry into South India.
Road
Tamil Nadu has an extensive road network covering about 2.71 lakh km as of 2023 with a road density of 2,084.71 kilometres (1,295.38 mi) per 1000 km2 which is higher than the national average of 1,926.02 kilometres (1,196.77 mi) per 1000 km2.
Type | NH | SH | MDR | ODR | OR | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length (km) | 6,805 | 12,291 | 12,034 | 42,057 | 197,542 | 271,000 |
National highways
The ‘’National Highways Wing’’ of the highways department of Tamil Nadu was established in 1971 to look after the works of improving, maintaining and renewing of National Highways laid down by National Highways Authority of India (NHAI).[5] There are 48 national highways of length 6,805 kilometres (4,228 mi) in the state.[6]
Lanes | Two | Four | Six | Eight | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length (km) | 3,814 | 2,649 | 333 | 9 | 6,805 |
State highways
Roads which connect
Lanes | One | Intermediate | Two | Four | Six | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Length (km) | 39 | 366 | 10,170 | 1,466 | 250 | 12,291 |
Other Roads
Other roads include major district roads (MDR), other district roads (ODR), rural & sugarcane roads and special roads such as
Vehicle transport
As of 2020, Tamil Nadu had 32.1 million registered vehicles.[8]
Year | 2007 | 2010 | 2015 | 2020 |
---|---|---|---|---|
Count (mn) | 10.98 | 14.06 | 22.51 | 32.1 |
Public transport
As of 2020, 32,598 buses are operated with the state transport units operating 20,946 buses along with 7,596 private buses and 4,056 mini buses.
Rail
The rail network in Tamil Nadu forms a part of
Route length (km) | Track length (km) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Broad Gauge | Metre Gauge | Total | Broad Gauge | Metre Gauge | Total | ||
Electrified | Non electrified | Total | |||||
3,476 | 336 | 3,812 | 46 | 3,858 | 5,555 | 46 | 5,601 |
Suburban and MRTS
Chennai has a well-established suburban railway network operated by Southern railway, which was established in 1928.
System | Lines | Stations | Length | Opened |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chennai Suburban[18] | 3 | 53 | 212 km (132 mi) | 1928 |
Chennai MRTS[19] | 1 | 17 | 19.715 km (12.250 mi) | 1995 |
Metro
Chennai Metro is a rapid transit rail system in Chennai which was opened in 2015. As of 2023, the metro system consists of two operational lines operating across 54.1 km (33.6 mi) with 41 stations.[20] Chennai metro system is being expanded with a proposed addition of three more lines and extension of 116.1 km (72.1 mi).[21] Rapid rail projects for Coimbatore and Madurai have been proposed.[22][23]
Line | Terminal | Opened | Length (km) |
Stations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Blue Line | Wimco Nagar | Chennai Airport | 21 September 2016 | 32.65 | 26 |
Green Line | Chennai Central
|
St. Thomas Mount
|
29 June 2015 | 22 | 17 |
Total | 54.65 | 41 |
Mountain railway
Air
There are three
Area Served | Airport Name | IATA | ICAO | Airport Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
Chennai | Chennai International Airport | MAA | VOMM | International |
Coimbatore | Coimbatore International Airport | CJB | VOCB | International |
Hosur | Hosur Aerodrome | VO95 | State/Private | |
Madurai | Madurai Airport | IXM | VOMD | Customs |
Neyveli | Neyveli Airport | NVY | VONY | State/Private |
Salem
|
Salem Airport | SXV | VOSM | Domestic |
Thanjavur | Thanjavur Airport | TJV | VOTJ | Domestic (CE) |
Thoothukkudi
|
Tuticorin Airport | TCR | VOTK | Domestic |
Tiruchirappalli | Tiruchirappalli International Airport | TRZ | VOTR | International |
Vellore | Vellore Airport | VOVR | Domestic |
The region comes under the purview of the
Water
Tamil Nadu has 1,076 kilometres (669 mi) long coastline and is the second longest
See also
References
- ^ a b Highway policy (PDF) (Report). Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^ Highways Department renamed as Highways and Minor Ports Department (PDF) (Report). Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 15 July 2010.
- ^ Wings of Highways Department (Report). Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Tamil Nadu highways, about us". Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^ "National Highways wing". Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Details of national highways (PDF) (Report). Government of India. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ Highways Circle of Highways Department, Tamil Nadu (PDF) (Report). Highways Department, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ a b "Number of registered motor vehicles across Tamil Nadu in India from financial year 2007 to 2020". statista. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ a b c Tamil Nadu STUs (PDF) (Report). TNSTC. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ History of SETC (PDF) (Report). TNSTC. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "Southern Railways, about us". Southern Railway. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
- ^ Southern Railway. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "Railways, plan your trip". Tamil Nadu tourism. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- Southern Railway. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "DNA Exclusive: Is It Time for Indian Railways to Tear Up Ageing Tracks and Old Machinery?". Zee Media Corporation. 14 January 2022. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
- ^ "Sheds and Workshops". IRFCA. Retrieved 1 June 2023.
- ^ a b Brief History of the Division (PDF). Chennai Division (Report). Indian Railways—Southern Railways. Retrieved 26 October 2012.
- ^ List of Stations, Chennai (PDF) (Report). Southern Railway. Retrieved 23 August 2023.
- ^ "About MRTS". Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "Project status of Chennai Metro". Chennai Metro Rail Limited. Retrieved 31 August 2023.
- ^ "Metro's second phase to go up to Poonamallee". The Hindu. 20 July 2017. Retrieved 1 October 2017.
- ^ Rajkumar, Varun Venkatesan and Surya. "Signal remains red for Coimbatore metro rail project". The Hindu. Retrieved 6 February 2017.
- ^ Sampath, Nirupa (13 November 2023). "Madurai metro rail will cover 29km with 17 stations in phase 1". DT next. Retrieved 13 November 2022.
- ^ "Nilgirimountain railway". Indian Railways. Retrieved 21 August 2019.
- ^ "Mountain Railways of India". UNESCO. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
- ^ Indian Hill Railways: The Nilgiri Mountain Railway (TV). BBC. 21 February 2010. Retrieved 1 March 2010.
- ^ "Mountain Railways of India". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 30 April 2006.
- ^ "List of Indian Airports (NOCAS)" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
- ^ "List of Indian Airports" (PDF). Airports Authority of India. Retrieved 11 July 2022.
- ^ a b Traffic Statistics, September 2023 (PDF) (pdf). Airport Authority of India. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
- ^ Regional Connectivity Scheme (PDF) (Report). Government of India. Retrieved 17 August 2023.
- ^ "Indian Air Force Commands". Indian Air Force. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
- ^ "Organisation of Southern Naval Command". Indian Navy. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
- ^ "ENC Authorities & Units". Indian Navy. Retrieved 26 October 2015.
- ^ "Centre for Coastal Zone Management and Coastal Shelter Belt". Institute for Ocean Management, Anna University. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
- Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Government of India. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
- ^ "Basic Organization". Indian Navy. Retrieved 1 January 2023.
- ^ "Southern naval command". Indian Navy. Retrieved 1 January 2016.