Free Democratic Party of Switzerland
This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2010) |
Free Democratic Party/Radical Democratic Party | |
---|---|
Political position | Centre-right[3][4] |
European affiliation | European Liberal Democrat and Reform Party |
International affiliation | International Entente of Radical and Similar Democratic Parties (before 1938) Liberal International (after 1947) |
Colours | Azure |
The Free Democratic Party or Radical Democratic Party[5][6][7][8][9] (German: Freisinnig-Demokratische Partei, FDP; French: Parti radical-démocratique, PRD; Italian: Partito liberale-radicale svizzero, PLR; Romansh: Partida liberaldemocrata svizra, PLD) was a liberal[10][11][12] political party in Switzerland. Formerly one of the major parties in Switzerland, on 1 January 2009 it merged with the Liberal Party of Switzerland to form FDP.The Liberals.
The FDP was formed in 1894 from the
The FDP remained dominant until the introduction of proportional representation in 1919. From 1945 to 1987, it alternated with the Social Democratic Party to be the largest party. In 1959, the party took two seats in the magic formula. The party declined in the 1990s and 2000s (decade), as it was put under pressure by the Swiss People's Party. In response, the party formed closer relations with the smaller Liberal Party, leading to their formal merger in 2009.
History
The elements '
From 1848 until 1891, the Federal Council was composed entirely of Radicals. The radical movement of the restoration was anti-clerical,[6] and stood in opposition to the Catholic Conservative Party, the ancestor of the modern Christian Democratic People's Party. They were otherwise heterogeneous, including and classical liberal 'Liberals', federalist 'Radicals', and social liberal 'Democrats': placing the radical movement on the 'left' of the political spectrum. It was not until the rise of the Social Democratic Party in the early 20th century that the FDP found itself on the centre-right.
The FDP was the dominant party until the 1919 election, when the introduction of
After the
Election results
In 2003, it held 36 mandates (out of 200) in the
National Council
Election | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Rank |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1896 | 181,028 | 47.8 (#1) | 86 / 147
|
12 | 1st |
1899 | 183,216 | 49.7 (#1) | 82 / 147
|
2 | 1st |
1902 | 205,235 | 50.4 (#1) | 100 / 167
|
16 | 1st |
1905 | 202,605 | 49.2 (#1) | 104 / 167
|
4 | 1st |
1908 | 202,732 | 50.9 (#1) | 105 / 167
|
1 | 1st |
1911 | 198,300 | 49.5 (#1) | 115 / 189
|
10 | 1st |
1914 | 191,054 | 56.1 (#1) | 112 / 189
|
3 | 1st |
1917 | 210,323 | 40.8 (#1) | 103 / 189
|
9 | 1st |
1919 | 215,566 | 28.8 (#1) | 60 / 189
|
43 | 1st |
1922 | 208,144 | 28.3 (#1) | 60 / 198
|
1st | |
1925 | 206,485 | 27.8 (#1) | 60 / 198
|
1st | |
1928 | 220,135 | 27.4 (#2) | 58 / 198
|
2 | 1st |
1931 | 232,562 | 26.9 (#2) | 52 / 187
|
6 | 1st |
1935 | 216,664 | 23.7 (#2) | 48 / 187
|
4 | 2nd |
1939 | 128,163 | 20.7 (#2) | 49 / 187
|
1 | 1st |
1943 | 197,746 | 22.5 (#2) | 47 / 194
|
2 | 2nd |
1947 | 220,486 | 23.0 (#2) | 52 / 194
|
5 | 1st |
1951 | 230,687 | 24.0 (#2) | 51 / 196
|
1 | 1st |
1955 | 227,370 | 23.3 (#2) | 50 / 196
|
1 | 2nd |
1959 | 232,557 | 23.7 (#2) | 51 / 196
|
1 | 1st[a] |
1963 | 230,200 | 23.9 (#2) | 51 / 200
|
2nd | |
1967 | 230,095 | 23.2 (#2) | 49 / 200
|
2 | 2nd |
1971 | 432,259 | 21.7 (#2) | 49 / 200
|
1st | |
1975 | 428,919 | 22.2 (#2) | 47 / 200
|
2 | 2nd |
1979 | 440,099 | 24.0 (#2) | 51 / 200
|
4 | 1st[a] |
1983 | 457,283 | 23.3 (#1) | 54 / 200
|
3 | 1st |
1987 | 457,283 | 22.9 (#1) | 51 / 200
|
3 | 1st |
1991 | 429,072 | 21.0 (#1) | 44 / 200
|
7 | 1st |
1995 | 384,515 | 20.2 (#2) | 45 / 200
|
1 | 2nd |
1999 | 388,780 | 19.9 (#3) | 43 / 200
|
2 | 3rd |
2003 | 364,493 | 17.3 (#3) | 36 / 200
|
7 | 3rd |
2007 | 364,736 | 15.8 (#3) | 31 / 200
|
5 | 3rd |
- ^ a b Tied with the Social Democratic Party.
List of party Presidents
Name | Canton | Years | |
---|---|---|---|
1st | Christian Friedrich Göttisheim
|
Basel-Stadt | 1894–1896 |
2nd | Ernst Brenner | Basel-Stadt | 1896–1897 |
3rd | Johannes Stössel | Zurich
|
1897–1898 |
4th | Johann Hirter | Bern | 1898–1903 |
5th | Paul Scherrer | Basel-Stadt | 1904–1906 |
6th | Walter Bissegger | Zurich
|
1907–1910 |
7th | Camille Decoppet | Vaud | 1911–1912 |
8th | Félix Bonjour | Vaud | 1912–1913 |
9th | Emil Lohner | Bern | 1914–1918 |
10th | Robert Schöpfer | Solothurn | 1919–1923 |
11th | Albert Meyer | Zurich
|
1923–1929 |
12th | Hermann Schüpbach | Bern | 1929–1934 |
13th | Ernest Béguin | Neuchâtel | 1934–1940 |
14th | Max Wey | Luzern
|
1940–1948 |
15th | Aleardo Pini | Ticino | 1948–1954 |
16th | Eugen Dietschi | Basel-Stadt | 1954–1960 |
17th | Nello Celio | Ticino | 1960–1964 |
18th | Pierre Glasson | Fribourg | 1964–1968 |
19th | Henri Schmitt | Geneva | 1968–1974 |
20th | Fritz Honegger | Zurich
|
1974–1977 |
21st | Yann Richter | Neuchâtel | 1978–1984 |
22nd | Bruno Hunziker | Aargau | 1984–1989 |
23rd | Franz Steinegger | Uri | 1989–2001 |
24th | Gerold Bührer | Schaffhausen | 2001–2002 |
25th | Christiane Langenberger | Vaud | 2002–2004 |
26th | Rolf Schweiger | Zug | 2004 |
27th | Marianne Kleiner | Appenzell Innerrhoden | 2004–2005 |
28th | Fulvio Pelli | Ticino
|
2005–2009 |
See also
- Liberalism and radicalism in Switzerland
Footnotes
- ISBN 978-0-7619-5862-8. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ISBN 978-0-313-39181-1.
- ISBN 978-1-84545-948-2. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ^ Hanspeter Kriesi; Laurent Bernhard (2011). The Context of the Campaigns. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 20.
{{cite book}}
:|work=
ignored (help) - ^ a b Lublin, David (2014). Minority Rules: Electoral Systems, Decentralization, and Ethnoregional Party Success. Oxford University Press. pp. 232–233.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4758-1230-5.
- ^ "FDP. The Liberals". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2014.
- ^ Roberts, Geoffrey K.; Hogwood, Patricia, eds. (1997). European Politics Today. Manchester University Press. p. 383.
- ISBN 978-1452258249.
- ISBN 978-0-415-65695-5. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- ISBN 978-1-107-02438-0. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
- OCLC 1256593260.
- ^ "PONS Online Dictionary German-English". 2014. Retrieved 4 October 2014.
- ^ "New alliance counters left-right polarisation - swissinfo".
- ^ "Nationalrat 2007".
External links
- fdp.ch in German
- prd.ch in French
- plrt.ch in Italian
- Young Liberals Switzerland official site of the youth branch, called jungfreisinnige schweiz (in German/French)