Japanese people in Russia

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Japanese people in Russia
Nikkeijin

Japanese people in Russia form a small part of the worldwide community of

Nikkeijin, consisting mainly of Japanese
expatriates and their descendants born in Russia. They count various notable political figures among their number.

Early settlement

The first

Peter the Great to begin teaching the language as soon as possible; he thus became the father of Japanese language education in Russia.[4] Japanese settlement in Russia remained sporadic, confined to the Russian Far East, and also of a largely unofficial character, consisting of fishermen who, like Dembei, landed there by accident and were unable to return to Japan.[5] However, a Japanese trading post is known to have existed on the island of Sakhalin (then claimed by the Qing dynasty, but controlled by neither Japan, China, nor Russia) as early as 1790.[6]

Opening of Japan

Following the

Kyūshū.[8]

The politics of

Nikolayevsk Incident which occurred in 1920.[10]

After the establishment of the

Irina later went into politics after the collapse of the Soviet Union.[10]

Aftermath of World War II

Sakhalin

After the end of the

Korean peninsula. They were either told to take North Korean citizenship or take Soviet citizenship. Known as Sakhalin Koreans, they were trapped on the island for almost four decades.[12]

Prisoners of war

Main article: Japanese prisoners of war in the Soviet Union

Following

Japanese-Soviet relations; 55,000 died in Russia, and another 47,000 remained missing; a Russian report released in 2005 listed the names of 27,000 who had been sent to North Korea to perform forced labour there.[13] Rank was no guarantee of repatriation; one Armenian interviewed by the US Air Force in 1954 claims to have met a Japanese general while living in a camp at Chunoyar, Krasnoyarsk Krai between May 1951 and June 1953.[14] Some continue to return home as late as 2006.[15]

Post-normalisation

Following the normalisation of Japanese-Soviet relations, a few Japanese went to Russia for commercial, educational, or diplomatic purposes; however, as Vladivostok was closed to foreign settlement until the 1970s, they instead concentrated in Moscow.[

Japanese-medium school, the Japanese School in Moscow, founded in 1965.[16]

The

2002 Russian census showed 835 people claiming Japanese ethnicity (nationality).[17] 2008 figures from Japan's Ministry of Foreign Affairs state that 1,607 Japanese nationals reside in Russia.[18]

Education

The

Japanese international day school
in Moscow.

There is a

part-time Japanese school in Saint Petersburg, the St. Petersburg Japanese Language School, which holds classes at the Anglo-American School Saint Petersburg branch.[19]

References

  1. ^ [1]
  2. ^ [2]
  3. ^ [3]
  4. JSTOR 3000924
    .
  5. ^ Kobayashi, Tadashi (February 2002). Japanese Language Education in Russia. Opinion Papers. Economic Research Institute for Northeast Asia. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
  6. ^ a b c Itani, Hiroshi; Koshino, Takeshi; Kado, Yukihiro (2000). "Building Construction in Southern Sakhalin During the Japanese Colonial Period (1905-1945)". Acta Slavica Iaponica. 17: 130–160. Archived from the original on 2005-07-06. Retrieved 2007-02-22.
  7. ^ a b c d Saveliev, Igor R.; Pestushko, Yuri S. (2001). "Dangerous Rapprochement: Russia and Japan in the First World War, 1914-1916" (PDF). Acta Slavica Iaponica. 18: 19–41. Retrieved 2007-02-22. See section "Japanese Communities within the Russian Far East and Their Economic Activities"
  8. ^
    ISBN 0-8248-2080-0
    . (Pages 47-49)
  9. S2CID 143212098
    . Retrieved 2007-02-22.
  10. ^
    ISBN 978-0-465-00311-2
    .
  11. ^ "War-displaced Japanese Returns Home After 67 Years in Russia". Mosnews.com. 2006-07-03. Archived from the original on 2004-01-17. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  12. ^ Ban, Byung-yool (2004-09-22). "Koreans in Russia: Historical Perspective". Korea Times. Archived from the original on 2005-03-18. Retrieved 2006-11-20.
  13. ^ "Russia Acknowledges Sending Japanese Prisoners of War to North Korea". Mosnews.com. 2005-04-01. Archived from the original on 2006-11-13. Retrieved 2007-02-23.
  14. ^ Burstein, Gerhard (1954-03-15). "Air Intelligence Information Report: Info on US Civilians held in the Forced Labor Camp in CHUNOYAR" (PDF). United States Air Force. Retrieved 2007-02-23. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  15. Japan Times
    . 3 July 2006. Retrieved 11 April 2013.
  16. ^ モスクワ日本人 学校の歩み (in Japanese). Japanese School in Moscow. Archived from the original on 2006-11-14. Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  17. ^ Население по национальности и владению русским языком по субъектам Российской Федерации (in Russian). Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Archived from the original (Microsoft Excel) on 2006-11-04. Retrieved 2006-12-01.
  18. ^ "在留邦人総数の国（地域）・都市別上位50位" (PDF). Japan: Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2008. Retrieved 2010-04-26.
  19. ^ "欧州の補習授業校一覧（平成25年4月15日現在）" (Archive). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT). Retrieved on May 10, 2014.

Further reading

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