Jatindra Mohan Sengupta

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Jatindra Mohan Sengupta
British India
Died23 July 1933(1933-07-23) (aged 48)
Ranchi, Bihar and Orissa Province, British India
Alma materDowning College, Cambridge
OccupationLawyer
Spouse(s)Edith Ellen Gray
(later known as Nellie Sengupta)

Jatindra Mohan Sengupta (22 February 1885 – 23 July 1933)[1] was an Indian revolutionary against the British rule. He was arrested several times by the British police. In 1933, he died in a prison located in Ranchi, India.

Sengupta studied at Hare School, Calcutta and Presidency College, Calcutta.

Non-Cooperation Movement
. Eventually, he gave up his legal practice in favour of his political commitment.

Early life

Nellie and Jatindra Mohan Sengupta on a 1985 stamp of India

Jatindra Mohan Sengupta was born on 22 February 1885 to a prominent land-owning (

British India (now in Chittagong, Bangladesh).[4] His father, Jatra Mohan Sengupta, was an advocate and a member of the Bengal Legislative Council.[4]

Sengupta became a student of the

Presidency College in Calcutta. After completing his university studies, he went to England in 1904 to acquire a bachelor's degree in law. While in England, he met his future wife, Edith Ellen Gray, who is now better known as Nellie Sengupta.[5]

Career

After being awarded his degree in law, Sengupta was

called to the Bar in England then returned with his wife to India, where he began practicing law as a barrister. In 1911, he represented Chittagong in the Bengal Provincial Conference at Faridpur.[5] This was the beginning of his political career. Later, he joined the Indian National Congress. He also organised the employees of the Burmah Oil Company to form a union.[6]

In 1921, Sengupta became the chairman of the Bengal Reception Committees of the Indian National Congress. That same year, during a strike at the Burmah Oil Company, he was also serving as the secretary of the employees' union.

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. In 1923, he was selected as a member of the Bengal Legislative Council.[7]

In 1925, after the death of

Rangoon, he was arrested on charges of provoking people against the Government and opposing the India–Burma separation.[7]

In 1931, Sengupta went to England to attend the Round Table Conference, supporting the position of the Indian National Congress.[7] He submitted pictures of police atrocities committed by the British to control the Chittagong rebellion, which shook the British Government.[9]

Death

Sengupta was repeatedly arrested due to his political activities. In January 1932, he was arrested and detained in Poona and then in Darjeeling. Later, he was transferred to prison in Ranchi. There, his health started to decline and he died on 23 July 1933.[7]

Influence

Because of his popularity and contribution to the Indian freedom movement, Jatindra Mohan Sengupta is affectionately remembered by people of Bengal with the honorific Deshpriya or Deshapriya, meaning "beloved of the country".[5][10] In many criminal cases he defended the nationalist revolutionaries in the court and saved them from the gallows. He pled for Surya Sen, Ananta Singh, Ambika Chakrabarty in the Pahartali trial and also saved a young revolutionary, Premananda Dutta, who had been accused in the case relating to the murder of Inspector Prafulla Chakraborty.[11] In 1985, a postal stamp was issued by the Indian Government in memory of Sengupta and his wife, Nellie.[5]

Gallery

  • Bust of Jatindra Mohan Sengupta at his Memorial in Kolkata
    Bust of Jatindra Mohan Sengupta at his Memorial in Kolkata

References

  1. ^ Rivista degli studi orientali. Istituti editoriali e poligrafici internazionali. 2001. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  2. ^ a b Waqar A. Khan, Deshpriya Jatindra Mohan & Nellie Sengupta, in The Daily Star, 21 February, 2021.
  3. ^ "How a small society of Indian Cambridge students helped destroy the British Raj". Varsity. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  4. ^ a b Padmini Sathianadhan Sengupta (1968). Deshapriya Jatindra Mohan Sengupta. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. 7. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
  5. ^ a b c d "Postal Stamp Image". Indian Post. Retrieved 20 December 2012.
  6. ^
    ISBN 978-1-84331-063-1
    .
  7. ^
    ISBN 978-81-7024-586-5
    .
  8. ^ "Mayor of Kolkata". Kolkata Municipal Corporation. Retrieved 21 December 2012.
  9. ^ Prasad Das Mukhopadhyaya (1995). Surya Sen o swadhinata sangram (Bengali). Baharampur: Suryasena Prakashani. pp. 74, 75.
  10. ^ Padmini Sathianadhan Sengupta (1968). Deshapriya Jatindra Mohan Sengupta. Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India.
  11. ^ 1st Part, Ananta Singha (1968). Agnigarbha Chattagram (Bengali). Kolkata: Bidyoday Library Pvt. Ltd. pp. 215, 216.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)

Further reading

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