Pulmonary-renal syndrome
Pulmonary-renal syndrome (PRS) is a rare medical syndrome in which respiratory failure involving
kidney failure (glomerulonephritis) occur.[1] PRS is associated with a high rate of morbidity and death.[1] The term was first used by Goodpasture in 1919 to describe the association of respiratory and kidney failure.[1]
Causes
Pulmonary-renal syndromes are most commonly caused by an underlying
Goodpasture's syndrome). Granulomatosis with polyangiitis usually presents with nasopharyngeal involvement as well, whereas Goodpasture's will not. Microscopic polyangiitis is the most common cause of pulmonary-renal syndrome.[citation needed
]
Other causes include
IgA vasculitis and cryoglobulinemic vasculitis
.
Other etiologies include toxic injury such as
hantavirus, leptospirosis, or legionella, or vascular, as seen in nephrotic syndrome when a renal vein thrombosis
embolizes to the lungs.
Diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
inadequate blood flow.[1]
Treatment
Treatment is primarily by corticosteroids and immunosuppressive medications like cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and azathioprine. Plasmapheresis can be used in some circumstances.[citation needed]
References
- ^ S2CID 22646727.