United States cities with teams from four major league sports
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There are 12 United States cities (along with their corresponding metropolitan areas) with sports teams competing in the four major leagues of the United States and Canada: Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, National Football League, and National Hockey League.
Only the country's two largest metropolitan areas—
Overview by city
Italicized teams play outside the city limits of the metropolitan area's core city or cities; the specific location is given in parentheses. The core city or cities of a metropolitan area are identified in this reference.[1]
Analysis
Principal city versus metropolitan areas
The only metropolitan areas with a team in each sport that plays within the limits of its principal city are Chicago, Denver, Detroit, and Philadelphia. Chicago, with its two MLB teams, is the only one of these with five teams playing within city limits. (All are named for the city.)
In the Twin Cities area, three of the teams play in Minneapolis and one plays in St. Paul, although all four teams are named for the state of Minnesota, not their cities.
All other areas have at least one sport represented solely by a team (or teams) that plays in a city's suburbs.
Los Angeles had teams from all four major sports play within its city limits from 2016, when the NFL's Rams moved to the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum, until 2020, when they moved into a new stadium in Inglewood. Los Angeles now has four major sports teams playing within city limits: two NBA, one NHL and one MLB team. (Seven of its metropolitan area's eight teams named after it, all except the NHL's Anaheim Ducks.)
New York City has nine major sports teams and five playing within its city limits, but both its NFL teams (the New York Giants and New York Jets) play in East Rutherford, New Jersey. (All of the New York teams except the NHL's New Jersey Devils and the NBA's Brooklyn Nets are named for the city.)
Regional distribution
Each of the four
Smallest population with all four
The least-populous metropolitan area with at least one team in each of the four major sports is
Minnesota is the least populous state to have a team in each major sport. It has almost three million fewer people than Virginia, the most populous state with no major sports teams.
Largest population without a team
The largest television market area with no teams in the four major leagues is the Hartford & New Haven (Connecticut) area.
The largest television market areas that have never had a team in the four major leagues are Austin, Texas, which gained an MLS team in 2021 (Austin FC), and the West Palm Beach-Ft. Pierce (Florida) area,[1] though that is usually considered part of the territory of Miami-area teams.
Using the
Largest population without all four leagues represented
Houston, which lacks an NHL team, is the largest metropolitan area that does not have a franchise in all four major professional sports.
Cities with two teams from one of the four leagues
The sport that most commonly has two teams in one metropolitan area is baseball, with multiple teams in
New York and Los Angeles are the only two metropolitan areas with two or more teams in all four major sports. New York has MLB's Yankees and Mets, the NBA's Knicks and Nets, the NFL's Giants and Jets, and the NHL's Rangers, Islanders, and Devils. Los Angeles has MLB's Dodgers and Angels, the NBA's Lakers and Clippers, the NFL's Rams and Chargers, and the NHL's Kings and Ducks.
The Washington, D.C.,
Two teams in each of the four leagues
The only areas with at least two franchises in all four sports are New York and Los Angeles, which are the
In Los Angeles, four of the area's eight teams play in other cities (the Ducks and Angels play in Anaheim, while the Chargers and Rams play in Inglewood). During the construction of SoFi Stadium, the Rams played in the LA city limits while the Chargers played in Carson. The Clippers currently play in downtown Los Angeles, sharing Crypto.com Arena with the Lakers, but plan to move to the Intuit Dome by the 2024–25 NBA season.
Since the formation of the NBA in 1946, New York is the only city to consistently host at least one team in each of the four leagues every year.
Most recent city with a team from each league
The most recent city to be added to this list is Los Angeles, which regained the football Rams in 2016 after they had played the prior 21 seasons in St. Louis. (In 2017, the Chargers also moved to the city from San Diego, becoming the Los Angeles Chargers.)
States with all four leagues represented, but not in one metro area
Ohio is the only state that has teams from all four major sports but no metropolitan area with all four. Its teams include the NFL's Cincinnati Bengals and Cleveland Browns; MLB's Cincinnati Reds and Cleveland Guardians; the NBA's Cleveland Cavaliers; and the NHL's Columbus Blue Jackets, the only team outside Cleveland and Cincinnati.
While both football teams of the New York City metropolitan area play in New Jersey, the state of New York still has all four major sports leagues represented with the NFL's Buffalo Bills.
Most populous state without all four sports leagues
After the NHL's
Previously, North Carolina had been the most populous state without teams in all four sports, having edged out New Jersey when the southern state's population surpassed the northern one's.[5] Both lack a Major League Baseball team, though three teams (the New York Yankees, New York Mets, and the Philadelphia Phillies) play in metropolitan areas that include parts of New Jersey. North Carolina is home to the NFL's Carolina Panthers and NBA's Charlotte Hornets, who both play in Charlotte, as well as the NHL's Carolina Hurricanes, who play in Raleigh. New Jersey is home to the NFL's New York Giants and New York Jets, who play in the Meadowlands Sports Complex in East Rutherford, as well as the NHL's New Jersey Devils, who play in Newark.
Most populous state with no major league teams
Virginia remains the most populous state without a single big-league team in any sport, although residents of Northern Virginia have access to teams in Washington, D.C., and, at a stretch, Baltimore; and southern Virginia residents have access to the Carolina Hurricanes, the only major-league team in the Raleigh-Durham area. Additionally, two of the four D.C.-area teams, the Washington Capitals and Washington Commanders, have their operational headquarters and training facilities in Northern Virginia.
Alabama is the most populous state that has neither a major-league team nor a connection to a media market area with a major-league team. However this distinction changes depending on if the Atlanta media market is defined to extend into Alabama. If it is, then Iowa is the most populous state with neither a team nor a connection to a media market with a team.
Canadian cities
Three of the four major leagues (MLB, the NBA, and the NHL), have at least one team in Canada. Thus, although it is not a U.S. city, Toronto is notable because it has MLB (Blue Jays), NBA (Raptors), NHL (Maple Leafs), and MLS (Toronto FC) teams, plus a professional Canadian football team, the Toronto Argonauts. The Argonauts play in the Canadian Football League, which meets the definition of a major league because it represents the highest level of play in its country. Currently an all-Canadian circuit, the CFL had teams in the United States from 1993 until 1995.
There has often been speculation that the NFL will seek to install a team in Toronto, which is larger than many NFL cities and the second-largest city in North America (behind
Of the other eight current CFL cities, two have no other major sports franchises and the other six have an NHL franchise. Of these cities, two formerly had two major league teams plus a CFL franchise.
Cities formerly with teams in all four leagues
Atlanta, Cleveland, Kansas City, St. Louis, and Phoenix formerly hosted teams in all four major sports leagues at the same time. The two Missouri cities currently have two teams each, and the other two cities have three.
- Atlanta had teams from all four sports from 1972 until 1980, when the NHL's Flames moved to Calgary; and from 1999 until 2011, when the Thrashers moved to Winnipeg. Atlanta is the only city to have lost four-sport status, regained it, and then lost it a second time.
- Cleveland briefly held four-sport status (MLB's Oakland Seals moved there in 1976 as the Cleveland Barons, only to lose it when the Barons merged with the Minnesota North Stars in 1978. The Cleveland Browns relocation controversyleft the city without an active NFL team from 1996 to 1999, when the NFL officially regarded the Browns as suspended.
- Kansas City had all four sports (MLB's Royals, NFL's Chiefs, NBA's Kings, and NHL's Scouts) from 1974 to 1976. After two unsuccessful years in Kansas City, the Scouts moved to Denver (and later to New Jersey). The Kings moved to Sacramento in 1985.
- St. Louis was briefly a four-sport city (MLB's Cardinals, NFL's Cardinals, NBA's Hawks, and NHL's Blues) from October 1967, when the NHL expanded, until May 1968, when the Hawks left for Atlanta.
- Phoenix was a four-sport city (MLB's Diamondbacks, NFL's Cardinals, NBA's Suns, NHL's Coyotes) from 1998, when the Diamondbacks began play, to April 2024, when the Coyotes franchise was suspended and the team's hockey operations were relocated to Salt Lake City.
Only two cities have played each other in the championship series of all four major North American sports leagues: St. Louis and Boston.[7] In baseball, the Cardinals met the Red Sox in the 1946, 1967, 2004, and 2013 World Series. In hockey, the Blues played the Bruins in the 1970 and 2019 Stanley Cup Finals. In basketball, the Hawks and Celtics met in the 1957, 1958, 1960, and 1961 NBA Finals. And in football, the Rams played the Patriots in Super Bowl XXXVI.
Cities that have lost, then regained four-sport status are Boston, Chicago, Detroit, Los Angeles, Minneapolis–St. Paul, and the San Francisco Bay Area.
- Boston had the New York Bulldogs in 1949, and then resumed with the formation of the Boston Patriots(now the New England Patriots) in 1960.
- Chicago had a BAA/NBA team fold in 1950, then attracted an expansion franchise in 1961 only to see it move to Baltimore two years later. Chicago rejoined the four-sport club in 1966 with the expansion Bulls.
- Detroit had a charter franchise of the NBA (then called the Basketball Association of America) in 1946, but the Falcons folded after one season. Detroit rejoined the four-sport club when the Fort Wayne Pistons moved to Detroit in 1957.
- Greater Los Angeles became a four-sport city in 1967 and remained so for 28 years. In 1993, it joined New York in having two teams in each of the four major sports (MLB's Dodgers and Angels, NFL's Rams and Raiders, NBA's Lakers and Clippers, and NHL's Kings and Ducks), but lost both of its NFL teams in 1995. The Rams moved back to Los Angeles in 2016, restoring the city to four-sport status. A year later, the city once again joined New York in having two teams from each of the four leagues with the arrival of the former San Diego Chargers.
- Minneapolis–St. Paul became a member with the arrival of the Minnesota Timberwolves as an expansion NBA franchise in 1989, only to see the NHL's North Stars depart for Dallas in 1993. The Twin Cities regained their status with the NHL's expansion Minnesota Wild in 2000.
- The San Francisco Bay Area had teams in all four sports from the NHL expansion in 1967 until the Seals left for Cleveland in 1976. It regained four-sport status when the expansion San Jose Sharks joined the NHL in 1991. (Oakland itself had teams in all four leagues from 1971 to 1976 – the Athletics, the Raiders, the Warriors, and the Golden Seals. The A's plan to move from Oakland to Las Vegas would leave the city with no major league sports teams.[8])
If the
If the World Hockey Association (1972–1979) were considered a major league, Houston would have made the list; the Houston Aeros operated from 1972 to 1978, but were left out of the NHL-WHA merger negotiations and folded before the merger. Under the same assumption, Cleveland would have joined the four-sports club in 1972 with the arrival of the WHA Cleveland Crusaders, which were displaced in 1976 by the NHL's Barons.
If the ABA and WHA were both considered major leagues, then
Major League Soccer
Major League Soccer in the United States was founded in 1993, and has been active since 1996. Of the 12 metro areas with all Big Four teams, only Detroit lacks an MLS team.
Teams that play outside city limits are indicated in italics, followed by their locations of play.
Miami and the San Francisco Bay Area have lost and regained five-sport status. The former lost it in 2002 when the
Of cities that formerly held four-sport status, only Atlanta, Kansas City, and St. Louis have current MLS franchises.
No Ohio city can claim five-sport (or four-sport) status, but the state itself can via Cincinnati, Cleveland, and Columbus sports teams with
The debut of MLS's Toronto FC in 2007 gave Toronto five major professional sports teams, although its football team plays in the Canadian Football League.
See also
- Multiple major sports championship seasons
- List of American and Canadian cities by number of major professional sports franchises
- List of major professional sports teams in the United States and Canada
Notes and references
- ^ a b c d e AdeptPlus. "Nielsen DMA 2021 Rankings". MediaTracks Communications. Archived from the original on 2021-05-25. Retrieved 2021-01-19.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-11-13. Retrieved 2013-11-12.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Population and Housing Occupancy Status: 2010 - United States -- Combined Statistical Area; and for Puerto Rico". United States Census Bureau. 2010. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
- ^ "American FactFinder". Factfinder.census.gov. Archived from the original on 2020-02-12. Retrieved 2013-03-12.
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2008". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 9, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-01.
- ^ "Commissioner announces Toronto plan for Bills". National Football League. Associated Press. 2008-02-01. Retrieved 2008-02-08.
- ^ "A History of Boston vs. St. Louis Championship Meetings". NBC Sports. Archived from the original on May 14, 2023. Retrieved May 16, 2023.
- ^ Kroichick, Ron (November 16, 2023). "Oakland Pro Sports Dead At 63 as A's Abandon East Bay, Ending Era of Titles and Fun". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 16, 2023. Retrieved November 23, 2023.