Šabac

Coordinates: 44°45′N 19°42′E / 44.750°N 19.700°E / 44.750; 19.700
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Šabac
Шабац (Serbian)
City
  • Grad Šabac
  • Град Шабац
  • City of Šabac
Šabac City Square
Šabac Courthouse
Šabac Cultural Centre
Hotel "Sloboda"
Church of St. Peter and St. Paul
Šabac Fortress
Šabac Library
UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
15000
Area code+381(0)15
Official languagesSerbian[3]
ClimateCfb
Websitewww.sabac.org
Serbian Orthodox church, Central Šabac
Šabac, Kingdom of Serbia, 1904
Šabac library
Hotel in Šabac

Šabac (Serbian Cyrillic: Шабац, pronounced [ʃâbat͡s]) is a city and the administrative centre of the Mačva District in western Serbia. The traditional centre of the fertile Mačva region, Šabac is located on the right banks of the river Sava. According to the 2011 census, the city proper has population of 51,163, while its administrative area comprises 105,432 inhabitants.

Name

The name Šabac was first mentioned in

Ragusan documents dating to 1454. The origin of the city's name is uncertain; it is possible its name comes from the name of the city's main river, the Sava. The city is known by a variety of different names: Zaslon in medieval Serbian, Szabács in Hungarian, Böğürdelen in Turkish, and Schabatz in German
.

History

Archaeological evidence attests to more permanent settlement in the area from the Neolithic.[4] In the Middle Ages, a Slavic settlement named Zaslon existed at the current location of Šabac.[4] The settlement was part of the Serbian Despotate until it fell to the Ottoman Empire in 1459.

In 1470, the Ottomans built the first

nahiye of Šabac, a local Ottoman administrative unit. During the Ottoman period, Šabac was a typical oriental town with tiny streets, small shops and several mosques. The population was composed of both Muslims and Serbs, along with smaller numbers of Hungarians and Croats.[4]

Until the 19th century, Šabac was mostly under Ottoman administration, but control of the town changed hands several times between the Ottoman Empire and the

Habsburg Kingdom of Serbia. After the Treaty of Belgrade (1739), Šabac reverted to Ottoman control and, straddling the boundary between the two empires, it gained importance as a market town. A second period of Habsburg control of the area followed starting in 1789. The storming of the city was one of the early experiences of the renowned military leader Józef Poniatowski
. Ottoman control over the area was restored a few years later.

Šabac became a site of importance in Serbian history in the

Obrenović dynasty. This first ruling family of modern Serbia left its mark on the town; knez Miloš Obrenović's brother, the enlightened Jevrem Obrenović, built a personal residence and helped modernise the town: the period from 1820 to 1850 saw the establishment of a hospital, a pharmacy, a Serbian grammar school, a gymnasium
, a theatre, and a musical society.

The Ottoman army evacuated the fort of Šabac in 1867, marking the end of the Ottoman presence in the area. The first newspaper in the Kingdom of Serbia was printed in Šabac in 1883, and the town was also the first in Serbia where women started visiting kafanas (pubs) on Sunday afternoons, as was customary for men.

Šabac, on the river Sava, which was the then northern border of Serbia with Austria-Hungary, was badly damaged by Austro-Hungarian bombardment and street fighting in 1914

The town prospered until the

Order of the Karađorđe's Star with Swords
(1934).

In 1918, the town became a part of the newly formed

socialist Yugoslavia. Since then, it grew into a modern industrial city with the aforementioned Zorka chemical plant and an expanded population. The 1970s saw the construction of the first modern sports hall. The swamp at the city's outskirts, Benska Bara, was drained and turned into a residential neighborhood, and a new bridge was built over the Sava river
. By 2010, the population of the city and its suburbs had risen to 75,000.

Demographics

Historical population
YearPop.±%
194816,243—    
195319,894+22.5%
196130,352+52.6%
197142,075+38.6%
198152,177+24.0%
199154,637+4.7%
200255,163+1.0%
201153,919−2.3%
202251,163−5.1%
Source: [7]

According to the 2022 census results, the city of Šabac has a population of 105,432 inhabitants.

Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of the city of Šabac (as of 2011 census):

Ethnic group Population %
Serbs 110,642 95.48%
Roma 1,902 1.64%
Muslims
 393 0.34%
Croats 165 0.14%
Yugoslavs 123 0.11%
Others 2,659 2.29%
Total 115,884

Local communities

Urban local communities

Rural local communities

Map of the city of Šabac

Economy

Prior to 1990, Šabac had one of the best developed economies among cities in Yugoslavia. However, international sanctions against Yugoslavia during the Bosnian War provoked the shutdown of the Zorka plant, which was the main enterprise in Šabac. Many other major local firms like "Šapčanka", "Izgradnja", and "Nama" also shut down during this period.

The main industries of Šabac today are agriculture, transportation and food production. Since 2000, some of the more important companies are diary plant Mlekara Šabac,

free economic zones established in Serbia.[8]

The following table gives a preview of total number of registered people employed in legal entities per their core activity (as of 2022):[9]

Activity Total
Agriculture, forestry and fishing 217
Mining and quarrying 27
Manufacturing 10,969
Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 230
Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 472
Construction 2,122
Wholesale and retail trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 6,105
Transportation and storage 2,413
Accommodation and food services 855
Information and communication 369
Financial and insurance activities 502
Real estate activities 87
Professional, scientific and technical activities 1,230
Administrative and support service activities 591
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security 1,499
Education 2,198
Human health and social work activities 2,232
Arts, entertainment and recreation 450
Other service activities 677
Individual agricultural workers 2,300
Total 35,545
Monument dedicated to the victims of the Balkan Wars and World War I

Sports

There are several sports societies in Šabac:

Local media

Radio stations

  • Radio Kruna (98.0 MHz)
  • Radio AS
  • Radio Roda
  • Skala Radio (106.8)
  • Radio Čivija
  • Radio Vikom

TV stations

Newspapers

Education

Šabac Grammar School
Gospodar Jevremova Street in Šabac

Elementary schools

High schools

Private centres of education

  • King's College[10]
  • Premier
  • Pygmalion[11]
  • Interlink

Transportation

Roads

The length and status of roads in the city are:

  • Main roads 59.9 km (37.2 mi) (all asphalt)
  • Regional roads 111.4 km (69.2 mi) (all asphalt)
  • Local roads 304.2 km (189.0 mi) (187.8 km (116.7 mi) asphalt)
  • Unconventional roads 2,700 km (1,678 mi) (only 20 km (12 mi) asphalt)
  • City streets 10 km (6 mi)

The Ruma-Šabac motorway, with a new 1,300-metre bridge on the Sava River, connects Srem and Mačva and was completed on time. The freeway from Ruma to Šabac is 24.6 kilometres long, including the Sava bridge and its related parts. This includes 440 meters connected to the Fruška Gora Corridor, 22.08 kilometers of road, the 1.335-kilometer-long Sava Bridge, and 700 meters of section 3 leading to the Drenovac Interchange.

Ruma-Šabac motorway

Railway

Serbian Railways class 711 diesel multiple unit on Šabac-Ruma local passenger train at Šabac.

Šabac railway station is served by a Serbian Railways' branch line connecting to the main Croatia to Belgrade railway at Ruma. A former line continued from the station to connect Serbia with Bosnia and Herzegovina. A branch which connected this line with Bogatić (Petlovača - Bogatić) is locked out. The railway is used for the transport of goods and raw materials for the Zorka factory and passenger transport to Ruma.

Politics

Seats in the city council won in the 2004 local elections: [1] Archived 2012-02-05 at the Wayback Machine

Non-government organizations in Šabac

According to unofficial data, in the city of Šabac, there are over 300 registered non-government organizations, with wide variety of activities and different primary goals. Traditionally, the most active are those organizations whose primary goals are humanitarian, protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, protection of the rights of ethnic minorities, protection of the vulnerable social categories, ecology, etc.

Beside traditionally active organizations in Šabac, there are non-government organizations which unites young people in purpose of protecting their own rights. Under the social category of youth (young people) are those who are not older than 30, and not younger than 15 years, according to Ministry (Department) of youth and sports, of the Republic of Serbia.

Some of the most active organizations in Šabac are: Youth Umbrella (Omladinski Kišobran), Caritas - Šabac, Roma for Roma, Human heart of Šabac (Humano srce Šapca), NGO Light, NGO Ecos.

Notable people

Vladimir Jovanović
Mileva Marić-Einstein
Józef Poniatowski

Sportspeople:

Coat of arms of Šabac and armorial flag

There are three versions of the coat of arms of Šabac: the Primary, Middle, and Large.

  • Primary coat of arms
    Primary coat of arms
  • Middle coat of arms
    Middle coat of arms
  • Šabac Armorial flag
    Šabac Armorial flag

Twin towns - sister cities

Šabac is twinned with:[12]

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ "Municipalities of Serbia, 2006". Statistical Office of Serbia. Retrieved 2010-11-28.
  2. ISBN 978-86-6161-228-2
    . Retrieved 2023-04-30.
  3. ^ "Статут Града Шапца" [City of Šabac Statute] (in Serbian). City of Šabac. Retrieved 22 March 2025.
  4. ^ a b c "Zvanična prezentacija grada Šapca - Istorija". Archived from the original on 2015-11-20. Retrieved 2011-07-29.
  5. OCLC 828893101.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link
    )
  6. ^ Anderl and Manoschek. 2001 Gescheitert Flucht. Vienna: Mandelbaum.
  7. ^ "Comparative overview of the number of population in 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991, 2002, 2011. and 2022". Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia.
  8. ^ Mikavica, A. (3 September 2017). "Slobodne zone mamac za investitore". politika.rs (in Serbian). Retrieved 17 March 2019.
  9. ^ "MUNICIPALITIES AND REGIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA, 2023" (PDF). stat.gov.rs. Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia. Retrieved 20 September 2024.
  10. ^ http://www.kingscollege.rs/ Archived July 17, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  11. ^ "Pygmalion School of English".
  12. ^ "Градови побратими". sabac.rs (in Serbian). Šabac. Archived from the original on 2018-09-01. Retrieved 2020-01-07.
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