Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes
Baith Israel Anshei Emes | |
---|---|
Hebrew: בֵּית יִשְׂרָאֵל אַנְשֵׁי אֱמֶת | |
Religion | |
Affiliation | Conservative Judaism |
Ecclesiastical or organizational status | Synagogue |
Leadership | Rabbi Michelle Dardashti[1] |
Status | Active |
Location | |
Location | 236 Kane Street, Cobble Hill, Brooklyn, New York City, New York |
Country | United States |
Location in Brooklyn, New York City | |
Geographic coordinates | 40°41′08″N 73°59′43″W / 40.68556°N 73.99528°W |
Architecture | |
Type | Synagogue |
Style | Romanesque Revival |
Date established | 1856 (as a congregation) |
Completed | 1855 |
Specifications | |
Direction of façade | North-east |
Capacity | 864 worshippers |
Website | |
kanestreet | |
[2][3][4][5] |
Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes
Founded as Baith Israel in 1856,
The synagogue nearly failed in the early 20th century,
Membership peaked in the 1920s, but with the onset of the Great Depression declined steadily, and by the 1970s the congregation could no longer afford to heat the sanctuary.[16][17] Membership has recovered since that low point; the congregation renovated its school/community center in 2004, and in 2008 embarked on a million-dollar capital campaign to renovate the sanctuary.[18][19]
19th century
Origins
Twelve
Gershon's appointment was controversial; after a background check, the board decided by a 10–9 vote on April 6, 1856, that he had never held the position of cantor in any other congregation, and was therefore not "sufficiently acquainted with the actual requirements to fill said office", and was furthermore not "a competent reader enough to
An 1886
Attempts at reform and amalgamation, construction of first synagogue
In the congregation's early years, tensions existed between traditionalists and reformers, and in 1861, 41 of the latter left Baith Israel to form the
In 1862, the remaining 35 members purchased two lots at the corner of State Street and Boerum Place in
In 1869 reformers again left Baith Israel, and, joining with dissenters from Kahal Kodesh Beth Elohim of
Building renovations, failed mergers, traditionalism
In 1876, the congregation voted by a margin of over two to one to re-orient the synagogue pews in the manner of Christian churches, and introduce mixed seating. However, nothing was done about this until 1879, when the renovations were carried out: the front pews were removed, the side pews extended to the walls, and the vestibule moved outside the sanctuary. Led by rabbi Dr. E. M. Myers, the synagogue was re-dedicated on September 7.[39]
In April 1883, Baith Israel, Beth Elohim, and Temple Israel, Brooklyn's three leading synagogues, tried to merge;[40] Beth Elohim and Temple Israel had both been formed in the 1860s by dissenters from Baith Israel. This was the third such attempt; the previous two had failed when the members could not agree on synagogue ritual.[41] The combined congregation, which would purchase new premises, would have 150 members (only heads of households were considered members at that time). Members would be refunded half the purchase price of the pews in their existing buildings.[42] The rabbis of Beth Elohim and Temple Israel were to split the offices of rabbi and cantor: Baith Israel, at the time, had no rabbi.[41] Though this attempt also failed, in the following year the three congregations carried out combined activities, including a picnic[43] and a celebration of the 100th birthday of Sir Moses Montefiore.[44]
Baith Israel hired Marcus Friedlander as rabbi in 1887.
In 1889, the congregation again renovated the synagogue building, repairing it and replacing the roof, increasing the seating capacity, adding a new vestibule and double entrance way, and redecorating the interior. At that time over half of the congregants still spoke German as their native language.[45] The congregation had 50 members—defined as "heads of families who own seats"—by 1891, and 300 congregants in total.[46] By 1900, the congregation had 160 members, and the congregational school, which held classes for two hours once a week, had ten teachers and 150 students.[49]
Though the synagogue had undertaken innovations in some areas of
20th century
Decline and reinvigoration
By 1904, membership had fallen to 30,[12] and the synagogue nearly failed:[2] mass transit had allowed Jews to migrate away from downtown Brooklyn,[2] and a fire had nearly destroyed the Boerum synagogue building.[21] Further innovations were attempted, including a pipe organ and a mixed-sex choir,[12] but these were removed[52] after objections from Orthodox members.[2] The congregation decided that the Boerum location was part of the problem, and made the bold decision to sell it, buy new premises, and hire a rabbi[2] (the synagogue had, for many years, run without one).[53] In 1905, they hired Israel Goldfarb, a 1902 graduate of the Jewish Theological Seminary,[36] as "Hazan [cantor] and Teacher",[54] his first and only pulpit. The following year Goldfarb was appointed rabbi,[21] a position he would hold for over 50 years.[55]
In 1905, the congregation also purchased for $30,000 (today $1,020,000) its current building at Tompkins Place and Harrison Street (renamed Kane Street in 1928),
Goldfarb was a talented musician, known to this day as composer of popular tunes for the songs "
In his Kol Nidre sermon of 1905, Goldfarb emphasized the need for a Talmud Torah (providing inexpensive Jewish education for primary school children), and it was immediately founded.[2] Talmud Torahs helped synagogues in neighborhoods with small Jewish populations to attract young Jewish families, and were common in "second-settlement areas of New York City such as Harlem and Brooklyn".[58] By 1907–1908 the congregation had grown to 85 member families. The Talmud Torah, which held classes four days a week, had three teachers and 75 students.[59]
Merger with Talmud Torah Anshei Emes and growth
In 1908,[60] Baith Israel merged with Degraw Street's Talmud Torah Anshei Emes Synagogue, a growing congregation that had become too large for the row house in which it held services.[12][53] Talmud Torah Anshei Emes's membership was mostly made up of Eastern European Jews, who were stricter in their observances than Baith Israel's mostly German-origin membership; to accommodate them, a special all-men section of pews was designated at the front left of the sanctuary.[21]
The merged congregations adopted the current name, a combination of the two previous names, and, with the assistance and encouragement of Goldfarb and synagogue president Harris Copland[13][61] founded a sisterhood.[12][53] Nevertheless, the combined membership was still not large;[36] in 1911, the year the congregation renovated the recently acquired synagogue building,[12] the Talmud Torah had only 45 students, 10 of them the children of non-members.[36]
The sisterhood had grown to 42 members by 1913; that year 11 men were accepted as new congregants, including "a dentist, an optician, a druggist, a lawyer, a butler and two store owners and a roofer"—in general, middle class occupations.[36] Baith Israel Anshei Emes also became one of the charter members of the United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism in 1913,[12][62] with Michael Salit, who had been synagogue president in 1906,[22] serving as the congregation's delegate,[36] and he, Rabbi Goldfarb and another synagogue member, Isaac Applebaum, were among the 22 individuals who initially founded the organization.[21]
Aaron Copland celebrated his Bar Mitzvah at Baith Israel Anshei Emes in 1913. The Copland family was active in the synagogue; his father Harris became treasurer and chairman of the Talmud Torah in 1905,[13] had helped purchase the current building,[10][14] served as president of the congregation from 1907 to 1910,[63] and was made a life trustee in 1936.[56] Aaron's brother Ralph served as superintendent of the Sunday School.[13] Goldfarb was instrumental in assisting Aaron Copland in his early musical career. While still in high school, Aaron had approached Goldfarb for his support in studying music: Aaron's father wanted him to enter the legal profession. Goldfarb engineered an agreement whereby Aaron would study music for two or three years, and, if that did not work out, then study law.[56] In his memoirs, Copland would later describe Goldfarb as "a composer of liturgical music and the possessor of a fine baritone voice ... a sensitive human being and an effective leader of the congregation".[13][56]
By 1916, the congregation had installed 10
In 1924, a fire almost destroyed the upper level of the school building, but the congregation repaired the damage.
Great Depression and post-World War II decline
On its 75th anniversary in 1931, the congregation received a congratulatory message from
In 1932 women were allowed to join the choir. In deference to traditionalists, however, the choir was moved to the organ loft, so that the women would be less visible.[34]
In the late 1940s and early 1950s, Herman Belth raised $20,000 (today $250,000) and contributed another $20,000 for another renovation of the synagogue. The building was fortified, the interior (except the front wall) repainted, and the exterior brick walls, which had been clad in "blue-veined white stone", were refinished with "brownstone type stuccoed slabs".[67] When the renovations were complete, the synagogue was re-dedicated in January 1953.[12][67] Despite Belth's efforts, membership continued to decline, as congregants moved to the suburbs.[67] Though the Centennial Celebrations of 1956 "provided a brief burst of energy for the Congregation and produced funds to maintain the Synagogue",[21] during this period the choir was disbanded, the Sunday School and Talmud Torah closed, and paid staff reduced.[67]
In the 1960s, following Goldfarb's retirement,
The membership decline continued in the late 1960s[8] and early 1970s, as older congregants died and moved away, and dwindled to the point where the congregation could no longer afford to heat the sanctuary,[17] and thought they would have to disband.[70] Nevertheless, in 1972 the congregation established a nursery school and prozdor (high school).[12]
Rebirth: 1980s and 1990s
Changing demographics and new synagogue programs helped the congregation recover from its low point in the 1970s.[17] In 1979, Raymond Scheindlin, a Ph.D. in Arabic literature from Columbia University, and professor of medieval Hebrew poetry at the Jewish Theological Seminary of America (JTSA), became the part-time rabbi of the congregation,[12] replacing Howard Gorin, who had served since 1976.[22][71] Scheindlin had become a member in 1974, after joining the faculty of the JTSA and moving to Brooklyn Heights, and from that point on read the Torah every week and served as cantor.[72] He also encouraged the re-constitution of a choir, which called itself "the DeRossi Singers" after Salamone DeRossi, the leading Jewish composer of the late Italian Renaissance, whose works the choir sang.[12][73] Even after leaving the synagogue, Scheindlin continued to return to serve as cantor for the High Holidays every year until 2016.[74]
In 1982 Scheindlin stated that the membership had grown to the point where it again required the services of a full-time rabbi,[73] and the congregation hired Jonathan Ginsburg as its first full-time rabbi since Israel Goldfarb's retirement.[12] Ginsburg developed adult education and young singles programs, and improved standards in the synagogue's children's education programs. Geoffrey Goldberg followed him as rabbi from 1987 to 1988.[12]
In 1994 the buildings' stained glass windows, parapet tower, and brownstone were repaired, landscaping redone, and, with a grant from the Sol Goldman Charitable trust, the bimah and vestibule were refurbished.[34] Membership had increased to almost 200 families by 1995,[12] and in 1996 Samuel H. Weintraub was hired as rabbi.[22]
Increasing involvement of women
In 1961 the synagogue began granting women some pulpit honors, giving the Sisterhood President gelila,[21] and in 1966 granting married couples hagbaha and gelila (the honors of lifting and re-wrapping the Torah after it has been read).[34] In the 1970s, women became more involved in the synagogue's political and religious activities: in 1972, the first woman was elected to the board of trustees, and in 1975, the congregation began calling women to the Torah and counting women in the minyan,[12] the latter just two years after the Committee on Jewish Law and Standards of the Rabbinical Assembly voted nine to four in favor of this innovation.[75]
In 1980, Nancy Fink, a
Baith Israel Anshei Emes' move to egalitarianism culminated in August 1988, when Debra Cantor was hired as its first female rabbi, making it the first synagogue in the
21st century
In 2002 Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes received a $1 million grant for building renovations from Lillian Goldman, just weeks before her death; she had previously donated $20 million for the reconstruction and expansion of
Nearly 300 households were members by 2006,[17] and in the same year, the New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation awarded the synagogue a grant of $350,000 for exterior restoration of the sanctuary.[83] The grant was part of a million-dollar capital campaign that the membership intended to carry out in 2008, as the synagogue building still required extensive repairs: the roof leaked, causing interior damage, and (along with the gutters) needed to be replaced; interior columns were taped to prevent plaster from falling off them; the sanctuary doors needed to be replaced; and the stained glass windows needed to be removed, the metal holding them repaired, and their wooden framing replaced.[18] In 2007 the New York Landmarks Conservancy's Sacred Sites Program awarded Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes grants totaling $17,500, for copper roof and masonry restoration.[84]
In 2008, the Synagogue filed documents with the New York Department of State, and was approved to officially use the name "Kane Street Synagogue," which had been its commonly-used name for several decades at that point.
The congregation had been supportive of the LGBTQ+ community since at least the early 1990s,
The congregation was led by now Rabbi Emeritus, Samuel H. Weintraub from 1996 to 2021.[1] He was succeeded by Interim Senior Rabbi Paul. F. Resnick.[88] Rabbi Michelle Dardashti[89] was elected as head rabbi by the congregation in March 2022,[90] and officially assumed her role on August 1 of that year.
Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes continues to be the oldest continuously operating synagogue in Brooklyn.[7][8]
Notes
- ^ a b "Samuel H. Weintraub | Kane Street Synagogue". kanestreet.org. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Greenwald (2001), p. 33.
- ^ a b Wolfe (1994), p. 452.
- ^ Morrone & Iska (2001), p. 322.
- ^ Greenwald (2001), p. 34.
- ^ or Baith Israel-Anshei Emeth
- ^ a b Kane Street Synagogue Records, Historical Note, Jewish Theological Seminary.
- ^ a b c Shelby (1998).
- ^ a b According to the Brooklyn Eagle, June 13, 1886 and Greenwald (2001), p. 32. Abelow (1937), p. 6 and Wolfe (1994), p. 452 say the congregation was "organized" in 1856. Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 226 state that the group was formed in 1854 and the congregation "formally organized" in 1856. Waxman (1998), p. 294 writes that the congregation was founded in 1854, and in footnote 102, p. 315 he adds that "the name was formally adopted in 1856". The New York Times, February 14, 1967 says the congregation was founded in 1855. The synagogue website (Our History) states the group first organized in 1855 as the United Brethren Society, a benefit society that provided members with medical and burial assistance, and "[w]ithin a year Brethren leaders and others incorporated Congregation Baith Israel".
- ^ a b c d e Dickter (2004).
- ^ a b c Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 226.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 227.
- ^ a b c d e Pollack (2000), p. 26.
- ^ a b c Barton (2006).
- ^ a b Levin (March 17, 2006).
- ^ a b Wenger (1999), pp. 126–127.
- ^ a b c d Clark (2006).
- ^ a b c d e Whitman (2008).
- ^ a b Wolff (2004).
- ^ According to Greenwald (2001), p. 33 and Gross (1999). Waxman (1998), p. 294 describes them as "Bavarian and Portuguese Jews", Morrone & Iska (2001), p. 323 describe them as "Dutch and Bavarian Jews", and the synagogue website (Our History) describes them as "Jewish settlers from the Netherlands".
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Our History, Synagogue website.
- ^ a b c d e f "Rabbis, Cantors and Presidents 1856–2006", The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23, June 9, 2006.
- ^ a b c Mooney (2004).
- ^ Abelow (1937), p. 40.
- ^ Greenwald (2001), p. 33 gives, as the reason for lay-led services, that "Like many congregations of its time, Baith Israel lacked the means to retain a rabbi."
- ^
According to High Holidays".
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, June 13, 1886.
- ^ Gross (1999). See also Barton (2006), Dickter (2004), and Greenwald (2001), p. 33.
- ^ Levin (January 6, 2006).
- ^ The New York Times, September 1, 1862.
- ^ According to Greenwald (2001), p. 33 and Kane Street Synagogue Records, Historical Note, Jewish Theological Seminary the school was created in 1862. The Brooklyn Eagle, March 14, 1890 and the synagogue website (Our History) state the school was organized in 1864. American Jewish Year Book, Vol. 2, p. 329 states the school was founded in 1865.
- ^ a b Brooklyn Eagle, March 14, 1890.
- ^ Galvin (2001), p. 30.
- ^ a b c d e f "Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes – 1853-2006", The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23, June 9, 2006.
- ^ According to Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 227, Greenwald (2001), p. 33 and the synagogue website (Our History). However, Waxman (1998), p. 294 says 1893.
- ^ a b c d e f Waxman (1998), p. 294.
- ^ According to Abelow (1937), p. 69, and The New York Times, December 18, 1892. Dickter (2004), however, says 1876.
- ^ See Abelow (1937), p. 66, and The New York Times, December 18, 1892.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, September 8, 1879.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, April 7, 1883.
- ^ a b Brooklyn Eagle, April 26, 1883.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, April 26, 1883.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, July 7, 1884.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, October 27, 1884.
- ^ a b Brooklyn Eagle, April 8, 1889.
- ^ a b , Brooklyn Eagle, September 27, 1891.
- ^ a b Brooklyn Eagle, May 1, 1893.
- ^ Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 55.
- ^ American Jewish Year Book, Vol. 2, p. 329.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, February 21, 1889.
- ^ Brooklyn Eagle, December 16, 1892.
- ^ According to Greenwald (2001), p. 33 "they quickly were abolished", and Pollack (2000), p. 26 says they were "short-lived". Waxman (1998), p. 294 states they were "eliminated within a few years". In footnote 105, p. 316 he writes that while not specifically stating when it was removed, an October 14, 1910 article by Samuel Abelow in The American Hebrew 87 #4, p. 617, titled "Something of the Institutional Development of Brooklyn" suggests that the organ was still in place in 1910. "Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes – 1853-2006", The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23 states that the organ was dismantled in 1932 to make room in the organ loft for the choir. The choir had allowed women to join it that year, and was moved out of sight to avoid offending traditionalists who objected to the presence of women in the choir.
- ^ a b c d e f Greenwald (2001), p. 35.
- ^ Kaufman (1999), p. 215.
- ^ a b
Sources differ on Goldfarb's exact term:
- Greenwald (2001), p. 35 and the synagogue website (Our History) state that Goldfarb served as rabbi for 60 years.
- Olitzky and Raphael (1996), p. 227 and Waxman (1998), p. 294 write that Goldfarb retired in 1960.
- Goldfarb's obituary in The New York Times, February 14, 1967 states that he was named "rabbi emeritus" in 1959.
- The Synagogue Journal, Issue 49 states that Goldfarb had "fifty-four-years with the Congregation".
- "Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes – 1853-2006", The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23 states that Goldfarb served "for one year as Cantor and [was] then retained as Rabbi for the next fifty-three years until 1959. Thereafter he continue[d] as Rabbi emeritus until his death in 1965."
- Michelman (2006) writes that Goldfarb became "rabbi emeritus" in 1956.
- ^ a b c d "Copland's Sanctuary", NewMusicBox.
- ^ a b Michelman (2006).
- ^ Kaufman (1999), p. 160 cites Baith Israel's Talmud Torah as one of two such examples.
- ^ American Jewish Year Book, Vol. 9, pp. 262–263.
- ^ According to the synagogue website (Our History), Greenwald (2001), p. 35, Olitzky & Raphael (1996), p. 227, and Waxman (1998), p. 294. Dickter (2004), however, states that the congregations merged in 1906, and moved to the current building in 1908.
- ^ Abelow (1937), p. 46.
- ^ a b c d Greenwald (2001), p. 36.
- ^ According to Levisohn (2004), "Rabbis, Cantors and Presidents 1856–2006", The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23 and "Copland's Sanctuary", NewMusicBox. Pollack (2000), p. 26 writes that Harris Copland served as president from 1907 to 1909, and Dickter (2004) writes that he was president of Baith Israel in 1902.
- ^ American Jewish Year Book, Vol. 21, p. 440.
- ^ History, East Midwood Jewish Center website.
- ^ Hoover, March 1, 1931 (dated February 28, 1931).
- ^ a b c d Greenwald (2001), p. 37.
- ^ Steinfels (1989).
- ^ Rabbi Henry D. Michelman, American Society for Jewish Music website, April 25, 2007.
- ^ Gross (1999).
- ^ Our Rabbi, Tikvat Israel Congregation website.
- ^ Rand & Decter (2007), pp. xii–xiii.
- ^ a b c d Greenwald (2001), p. 38.
- ^ "Kane Street Synagogue Celebrates its 161st Anniversary". Kane Street Synagogue. Retrieved 16 December 2017.
- ^ Fine (2002), p. 2.
- ^ a b Goldman (1988).
- ^ Gonzalez (1993).
- ^ Greenwald (2001), p. 39.
- ^ Lewis (2002).
- ^ Annual Report 2003, Jewish Communal Fund.
- ^ Son (2003).
- ^ Grantees 2004/5, Edith Glick Shoolman Children's Foundation website.
- ^ 2006 EPF Grant Awards, New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation, October 20, 2006.
- ^ Past Projects in 2007, The New York Landmarks Conservancy.
- ^ Pompeo (2007).
- ^ Ordination of Gays and Lesbians and Same-Sex Commitment Ceremonies Memorandum, United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism, December 6, 2006.
- ^ Muessig (2009).
- ^ "Paul Resnick | Kane Street Synagogue". kanestreet.org. Retrieved 2021-12-20.
- ^ "Synagogue in a changing Brooklyn taps a 'radical pluralist' as its new rabbi". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 2022-06-15. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
- ^ "Kane Street Synagogue Appoints Accomplished Spiritual Leader Rabbi Michelle Dardashti as its New Rabbi | Kane Street Synagogue". kanestreet.org. Retrieved 2022-08-08.
References
- Brooklyn Eagle, no byline.
- "Beth Israel. Reconstruction of the Beorum Place Synagogue.", Brooklyn Eagle, September 8, 1879, p. 2.
- "Hebrews Consolidating. A Movement to Unite Three Congregations—Important Action Taken on the Subject", Brooklyn Eagle, April 7, 1883, p. 1.
- "Consolidation of Local Hebrew Churches." (part 1), Brooklyn Eagle, April 26, 1883, p. 2.
- "Consolidation of Local Hebrew Churches." (part 2), Brooklyn Eagle, April 26, 1883, p. 2.
- "A Hebrew Sunday School Union. The First Combined Picnic to be Held in Prospect Park.", Brooklyn Eagle, July 7, 1884, p. 4.
- "Montefiore — Brooklyn Honoring the Centenarian.", Brooklyn Eagle, October 27, 1884, p. 1.
- "Brooklyn Synagogues — And the People Who Worship Therein.", Brooklyn Eagle, June 13, 1886, p. 10.
- "Baith Israel — A Ball in Aid of the Building Fund.", Brooklyn Eagle, February 21, 1889, p. 1.
- "Put in the Ark: The Scrolls of the Law in Synagogue Baith Israel", Brooklyn Eagle, April 8, 1889, p. 1.
- "For the Library Fund. An Entertainment Given by the Baith Israel Sunday School.", Brooklyn Eagle, March 14, 1890, p. 4.
- "Judaism in Brooklyn. The Ancient Faith of Israel and Its Local Adherents.", Brooklyn Eagle, September 27, 1891, p. 19.
- "How They Regard Ham. Views of Local Rabbis on Mr. Rosenburg's Expulsion.", Brooklyn Eagle, December 16, 1892, p. 1.
- "A New Rabbi for Baith Israel: Rev. M. Friedlander succeeded by Rev Joseph Taubenhaus.", Brooklyn Eagle, May 1, 1893, p. 10.
- New York Times, no byline.
- "Congregation Baith Israel. Dedication of a Synagogue" (PDF). The New York Times. September 1, 1862. p. 3.
- "Fifty Years Old.; Jubilee Celebration by the Congregation of Rodeph Sholom" (PDF). The New York Times. December 18, 1892. p. 10.
- "Israel Goldfarb: Rabbi, Composer: 'Father of Congregational Singing' is Dead at 87", The New York Times, February 14, 1967.
- Synagogue journal, no byline.
- "Rabbis, Cantors and Presidents 1856 – 2006" (PDF). The Synagogue Journal (23). Kane Street Synagogue. June 9, 2006.
- "Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes – 1853-2006", Kane Street Synagogue, "The Synagogue Journal, Issue 23" (PDF). (1.57 MB), June 9, 2006.
- Kane Street Synagogue, The Synagogue Journal, Issue 49, December 8, 2006.
- Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes website.
- Our History, Synagogue website. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Leadership, Synagogue website. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Other
- Abelow, Samuel Philip. History of Brooklyn Jewry, Scheba Publishing Company, 1937.
- American Jewish Committee (1900–1901). "Local Jewish Life" (PDF). American Jewish Year Book. Vol. 2. Jewish Publication Society.
- American Jewish Committee (1907–1908). "Assorted Statistics" (PDF). American Jewish Year Book. Vol. 9. Jewish Publication Society.
- American Jewish Committee (1919–1920). "Directories" (PDF). American Jewish Year Book. Vol. 21. Jewish Publication Society.
- "Rabbi Henry D. Michelman", American Society for Jewish Music website, April 25, 2007. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Barton, Evan. "Brooklyn’s Oldest Synagogue Celebrates Its 150th Anniversary", Brooklyn Eagle, June 22, 2006.
- Clark, Amy Sara. "Jewish Movement's Surprise New Head", CBS News, May 3, 2006.
- Dickter, Adam. "Shul Life, Circa 1850", The Jewish Week, June 4, 2004.
- History, East Midwood Jewish Center website. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Grantees 2004/5, Edith Glick Shoolman Children's Foundation website. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Fine, David J. "Women and the Minyan" (PDF). Committee on Jewish Law and Standards of the Rabbinical Assembly. OH 55:1.2002. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-11-27.
- Galvin, Seán, "Rabbi A. Stanley Dreyfus and Union Temple", in Abramovitch, Ilana; Galvin, Seán. Jews of Brooklyn, ISBN 978-1-58465-003-4
- Goldman, Ari L. "New Rabbi, New Year: Pulpit Pressure Season", The New York Times, September 9, 1988.
- Gonzalez, David. "The Glorious Mosaic", The New York Times, December 5, 1993.
- Greenwald, Judith R., "First Synagogues: The First 144 Years of Congregation Baith Israel Anshei Emes (The Kane Street Synagogue)", in Abramovitch, Ilana; Galvin, Seán. Jews of Brooklyn, ISBN 978-1-58465-003-4
- Gross, Geraldine K. "Spiritual Pioneers: Three Brooklyn synagogues and one on Staten Island among those feted for more than a century of service to New York Jewry.", The Jewish Week, December 15, 1999.
- Hoover, Herbert. "Message to the Baith Israel Anshei Emes Congregation on the 75th Anniversary of Its Founding", The American Presidency Project website, March 1, 1931 (dated February 28, 1931).
- "Annual Report 2003" (PDF). (215 KB), Jewish Communal Fund. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Kane Street Synagogue (Baith Israel-Anshei Emeth), Brooklyn, NY Records, Historical Note, Ratner Center, Jewish Theological Seminary of America. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- Kaufman, David. Shul with a Pool: The "synagogue-center" in American Jewish History, Brandeis University Press, ISBN 978-0-87451-893-1
- Levisohn, Benjamin. "Finding an Excuse To Celebrate Copland", The Forward, December 10, 2004.
- Levin, Carol (January 6, 2006). "Baith Israel's First Congregation" (PDF). The Synagogue Journal (1) – via Kane Street Synagogue.
- Levin, Carol (March 17, 2006). "The Weinberg Family: Leaders during the Synagogue's Golden Age" (PDF). The Synagogue Journal – via Kane Street Synagogue.
- Lewis, Paul. "Lillian Goldman, 80, Yale Law School Donor and Advocate for Women's Education", The New York Times, August 21, 2002.
- Michelman, Henry D. "Israel Goldfarb (1879-1967) Rabbi, Cantor and Influential Composer", Kane Street Synagogue, "The Synagogue Journal, Issue 6" (PDF). (254 KB), February 10, 2006.
- Mooney, Jake. "Cobble Hill: The Words; From the Distant Past, Tales of Cantors and Corpses", The New York Times, August 1, 2004.
- Morrone, Francis; Iska, James. An Architectural Guidebook to Brooklyn, Gibbs Smith, 2001. ISBN 978-1-58685-047-0
- Muessig, Ben. "Kansas bigotry falls flat at Brooklyn synagogues", The Brooklyn Paper, September 27, 2009.
- "Past Projects in 2007". The New York Landmarks Conservancy. Retrieved August 17, 2017.
- Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation 2006 EPF Grant Awards, New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Press Release, October 20, 2006.
- About the Artists, "Copland's Sanctuary: December 15, 2005 – January 15, 2005", NewMusicBox. Accessed October 2, 2009.
- ISBN 978-0-313-28856-2
- Pollack, Howard. Aaron Copland: The Life and Work of an Uncommon Man, ISBN 978-0-252-06900-0
- Pompeo, Joe. "That gay ol’ religion", The Brooklyn Paper, March 31, 2007.
- Rand, Michael; Decter, Jonathan P., "Raymond P. Scheindlin - A Sketch", in Scheindlin, Raymond P.; Decter, Jonathan P.; Rand, Michael. Studies in Arabic and Hebrew Letters in Honor of Raymond P. Scheindlin, Gorgias Press LLC, 2007. ISBN 978-1-59333-701-8
- Shelby, Joyce. "Cobble Hill Synagogue Opens Doors", Daily News, September 11, 1998.
- Son, Hugh. "Synagogue's road is paved with history", Daily News, November 19, 2003.
- Steinfels, Peter. "New Jewish Group Formed for Interfaith Ties", The New York Times, September 17, 1989.
- Our Rabbi, Clergy, Tikvat Israel Congregation website. Accessed November 21, 2010.
- Ordination of Gays and Lesbians and Same-Sex Commitment Ceremonies Memorandum, Committee on Jewish Law and Standards, United Synagogue of Conservative Judaism, December 6, 2006.
- Wenger, Beth, "Synagogues and the 'Spiritual Depression' in the 1930s", in Williams, Peter W. Perspectives on American Religion and Culture, ISBN 978-1-57718-118-7
- Waxman, Rabbi Jonathan, "Mi vaMi Ha Holkhim: A Profile of the Founding Congregations of the United Synagogue", in Waxman, Mordecai; Ben-Yosef, Tseviyah. Yakar Le'Mordecai: Jubilee Volume in Honor of Rabbi Mordecai Waxman, Ktav Publishing House, 1998. ISBN 978-0-88125-632-1
- Whitman, Trudy. "Hills & Gardens: Kane St. Synagogue Needing Repair", Brooklyn Eagle, February 13, 2008.
- Wolfe, Gerald R. New York, a guide to the metropolis: walking tours of architecture and history, ISBN 978-0-07-071397-0
- Wolff, Eric. "New Center, Ancient History on Kane Street", The New York Sun, October 25, 2004.
External links
- Official website
- Gelfand, Alexander. "A Mosaic of Jewish Music in America", The Forward, May 26, 2006.