List of New Jersey hurricanes

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Tracks of all tropical cyclones to pass through New Jersey from 1851 through 2022

There have been 115 hurricanes or tropical storms that affected the U.S. state of New Jersey. Due to its location, few hurricanes have hit the state directly, though numerous hurricanes have passed near or through New Jersey in its history. About every 10 years, hurricanes approach the coastline close enough to send waves over barrier islands' dunes and into back bays. According to an estimate by meteorologist George Prouflis, the chances for a direct hit by a hurricane on the Jersey Shore each year is 1 in 200.[1]

New Jersey has seen the remnants of several once-powerful hurricanes, some resulting in heavy damage. Nine storms dropped over 10 in (250 mm) of rainfall in the state, including a hurricane in 1940 that interacted with a cold front and dropped 24 in (610 mm) of rainfall in Ewan. Numerous hurricanes that remained offshore have each drowned small numbers of swimmers.

List of tropical cyclones

Most of the following are tropical cyclones that passed through the state after weakening from their peak.

Pre–1900

In the 19th century, two hurricanes struck the coastline, each in 1804 and in 1821; both caused minor damage. The most significant storm of the century was the Gale of 1878, which produced hurricane-force winds across western New Jersey. The hurricane caused severe damage and 11 deaths.

1900–1949

Hurricane activity was above average during this time period. A

1944 Great Atlantic Hurricane
. Though it did not make landfall, it brought strong winds and waves to the coastline, destroying hundreds of homes.

1950–1979

Hurricane Belle south of New Jersey

Several tropical cyclones affected the state during the time period, though Hurricane Donna was the most severe. Paralleling the coastline offshore, the hurricane caused heavy damage near the coastline from high waves and winds. In addition, Hurricane Belle was predicted to strike the state, though it passed to the east with only minor effects.

1980s

Flooding from Hurricane Gloria in Cape May

The 1980s were a relatively active decade, with 11 tropical cyclones affecting the state. The most notable storm of the decade was Hurricane Gloria in 1985, which was originally predicted to strike the state. The hurricane caused minor damage throughout the state.

  • September 30, 1983 – Tropical Storm Dean moved ashore the Delmarva Peninsula. Newark Liberty International Airport recorded 2.85 in (72 mm) of rainfall.[26]
  • October 14, 1984 – High surf from Hurricane Josephine caused minor damage and coastal flooding.[49]
  • October 29, 1984 – A tropical depression crossed the state, bringing light rainfall throughout the state.[50]
  • July 26, 1985 – The remnants of Hurricane Bob dropped 3.52 in (89 mm) of rainfall in Vernon Township.[26]
  • August 25, 1985 – The remnants of Hurricane Danny dropped 3.31 in (84 mm) of rainfall in Cape May.[26]
  • September 24, 1985 –
    Tropical Storm Henri passed to the east of the state, causing light rainfall.[51]
  • September 27, 1985 – Hurricane Gloria paralleled the New Jersey coastline just offshore as a Category 2 hurricane, forcing 95,000 people to evacuate. In Atlantic City, 11 casinos were closed, resulting in a loss of $7 million (1985 USD). Dubbed by some as the storm of the century, the hurricane was expected to become the first hurricane to hit the New Jersey coastline since the hurricane in 1903, though a last minute turn spared the state.[1] While passing by the state, Gloria caused a storm surge of 4.6 feet (1.4 m) in Ventnor City and a wind gust of 80 mph (129 km) in Ocean City.[52] Strong winds down trees and power lines, leaving 237,000 without power after the storm.[53] Overall, damage is minor, and some were even disappointed at the lack of damage from the proclaimed storm of the century.[1] One person was killed in Long Branch after touching a downed power line.[54]
  • August 18, 1986 – Hurricane Charley came within 100 miles (160 km) of the state, but turns out to sea. The hurricane dropped 1.3 inches (3.3 cm) of rain, as well as a 1.6 feet (0.49 m) storm surge in Atlantic City.[55]
  • August 30, 1988 – Tropical Depression Chris moved across the northern portion, producing 2.19 in (56 mm) of rainfall at High Point State Park.[56]
  • July 1989 – Moisture from Tropical Storm Allison dropped 5.11 in (130 mm) in Audubon, New Jersey.[26]
  • September, 1989 – Offshore Hurricane Gabrielle produced strong waves of up to 16 feet (4.9 m) in height, killing one person.[57]
  • September 22, 1989 – Hurricane Hugo passed to the west of the state, causing over 5 inches (13 cm) of rain in North Jersey.[58]

1990s

The "Perfect Storm" east of New Jersey

Thirteen tropical cyclones affected New Jersey during the 1990s. The 1991 Perfect Storm eroded beaches severely along the coast, while Hurricane Floyd in 1999 produced severe flooding in northern New Jersey, killing six.

  • October, 1990 – The combined remnants of Hurricane Klaus and Tropical Storm Marco caused around 3 inches (7.6 cm) of rain in the northern portion of the state.[59]
  • August 19, 1991 – Offshore Hurricane Bob dropped 4.98 in (126 mm) of rainfall at the Millville Executive Airport.[26]
  • October 31, 1991 – The
    1991 Halloween Nor'easter, also known as the Perfect Storm, caused strong waves of up to 30 feet (9.1 m) in height. High tides along the shore were only surpassed by the 1944 hurricane, while significant bay flooding occurred. Strong waves and persistent intense winds caused extreme beach erosion, amounting to 13.5 million cubic feet (383,000 m3) of sand lost in one location. In all, damage amounted to $90 million (1991 USD), though no deaths occurred in the state.[1]
  • August 28, 1992 – The Essex Fells Service Building recorded 1.60 in (41 mm) of rainfall from the remnants of Hurricane Andrew.[26]
  • September 26, 1992 – Tropical Storm Danielle moved inland over the Delmarva Peninsula, causing beach erosion and tidal flooding during a 7.2 ft (2.2 m) high tide in Atlantic City. Strong waves off the coast of New Jersey sank a sailboat, causing one death.[60]
  • August 18, 1994 – Tropical Depression Beryl crossed over the extreme northern portion of the state, dropping 3.82 in (97 mm) rainfall.[61]
  • November 22, 1994 – Offshore
    Hurricane Gordon produced 2.11 in (54 mm) of rainfall in Ringwood.[26]
  • June 6, 1995 – During the passage of the extratropical remnants of Hurricane Allison, Canoe Brook Country Club in Union County recorded 2.06 in (52 mm) of rainfall.[26]
  • August 7, 1995 – The remnants of Hurricane Erin dropped 3.92 in (100 mm) of rainfall in Belleplain State Forest.[62]
  • Mid–August, 1995 – Strong rip currents from Hurricane Felix killed five people, while persistent cyclonic winds caused extensive beach erosion.[63]
  • October 5, 1995 – As an extratropical storm, Hurricane Opal produced up to 5 inches (13 cm) of rainfall in the northern portion of the state.[64]
  • July 13, 1996 – Tropical Storm Bertha crossed the entire state, causing heavy rainfall peaking at 6.59 inches (16.7 cm) in Estell Manor. Bertha also caused a storm surge of 2.27 feet (69 cm) in Atlantic City, while rough waves killed one surfer.[65]
  • Late August, 1996 – Offshore Hurricane Edouard produced strong swells to the coastline, causing two deaths from drowning.[66]
  • September 8, 1996 – Hurricane Fran passed to the west of the state through central Pennsylvania and western New York and sparks an intense line of severe thunderstorms that crosses New Jersey and is most notable for causing an hour-long lightning delay of an NFL game between the New York Jets and Indianapolis Colts at Giants Stadium in East Rutherford. This marked the first time a regular season NFL contest had been suspended due to weather conditions.
  • July 25, 1997 – Passing southeast of the state, Tropical Storm Danny dropped 7.81 in (19.8 cm) of rainfall near New Brunswick.[26]
  • August 23, 1998 – Tracking offshore after striking North Carolina, Hurricane Bonnie produced rough waves and rip currents, resulting in hundreds of water rescues and eight injuries.[67]
  • September 6, 1999 – Tropical Depression Dennis moved northward through central Pennsylvania, and dropped 5.59 in (142 mm) of rainfall at Greenwood Lake along the New Jersey/New York border.[68][26]
  • September 16, 1999 – Tropical Storm Floyd crossed the entire state, unleashing torrential rainfall reaching 14.13 in (359 mm) in Little Falls. Cape May reported a storm surge of 2.6 feet (0.79 m).[26][69] Five rivers, including the Raritan River, withhold too much water and exceed flood stages.[70] Strong wind gusts leave over 650,000 citizens without power during the storm's passage.[71] Across New Jersey, Floyd caused about $250 million in damage (1999 USD) and six casualties.[72]

2000s

Waves from Hurricane Bill in New Jersey
  • September 19, 2000 – The extratropical remnants of Hurricane Gordon passed over the state, dropping 2.11 in (54 mm) of rainfall near Somerville.[26]
  • June 17, 2001 – Subtropical Depression Allison passed just east of the state, causing gusty winds and up to 4.86 inches (12.3 cm) of rain.[73]
  • July 3, 2003 – A narrow F0 tornado briefly touched down in a marsh near Goshen, associated with the remnants of Tropical Storm Bill.[74][75]
  • September 13, 2003 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Henri dropped up to 3 inches (7.6 cm) of rain across the state.[76]
  • September 19, 2003 – Although Hurricane Isabel passed well to the southwest of the state, the hurricane's large windfield caused a storm surges of 10.6 feet (3.2 m) in Burlington. Outer bands of the storm resulted in light rainfall amounting to 1.3 inches (3.3 cm) in Wildwood, and wind gusts reached 61 mph (68 km) in nearby Cape May. Persistent strong waves severely erode beaches along the coast. Isabel caused 1 direct death and 1 indirect death, with damage amounting to $50 million (2003 USD).[77]
  • August 3, 2004 – Offshore Hurricane Alex dropped 3.81 in (97 mm) of rainfall in West Deptford Township.[26]
  • August 13, 2004 – Dissipating Tropical Depression Bonnie produced 0.65 in (17 mm) of rainfall in Folsom.[26]
  • August 14, 2004 – Shortly after the previous storm, former Hurricane Charley passed offshore the state, dropping 2.74 in (70 mm) of rainfall near Hewitt.[26]
  • August 31, 2004 – While Tropical Storm Gaston passed east of the state, New Lisbon recorded 3.94 in (100 mm).[26]
  • September 8, 2004 – As an extratropical cyclone, former Hurricane Frances dropped 5.25 in (133 mm) of rain in Trenton.[26]
  • September 17, 2004 – Former Hurricane Ivan dropped 5.5 inches (14 cm) of rain in Maplewood.[78]
  • September 28, 2004 – As an extratropical storm, former Hurricane Jeanne dropped 5 inches (13 cm) of rainfall across New Jersey.[79]
  • July 8, 2005 – The remnants of Hurricane Cindy knocked down a few trees and flooded roads, with a statewide rainfall maxima of 2.45 in (62 mm) near Pottersville.[80][26]
  • August 11–16, 2005 – Offshore Hurricane Irene caused rip currents and strong waves.[81]
  • August 30, 2005 — The remnants of Hurricane Katrina produced heavy rainfall and high winds, causing power outages and downed trees.[82]
  • September 7–8, 2005 – Rip currents from Hurricane Maria and Hurricane Nate killed one person and seriously injured another.[83]
  • June 15, 2006 – Tropical Storm Alberto passed to the southeast of the state, dropping 1.42 in (36 mm) of rainfall in Somerville.[26]
  • September 3, 2006 – The interaction between the remnants of Tropical Storm Ernesto and a strong high-pressure system produced intense wind gusts of up to 81 mph in Strathmere. The storm also dropped heavy rainfall reaching 5.05 in (128 mm) in Marlboro Township. The winds and rain downed trees and power lines, resulting in power outages.[84]
  • June 4, 2007 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Barry dropped 3.75 in (95 mm) of rainfall in Absecon.[26]
  • July 2008 – Offshore Hurricane Bertha produced rip currents that killed three surfers.[85]
  • September 6, 2008 – Tropical Storm Hanna passed through New Jersey, producing heavy rainfall and causing minor flooding.[86]
  • August 22, 2009 – Offshore Hurricane Bill lashed the coast with 10 ft (3.0 m) waves, causing beach erosion and several injuries.[87]
  • August 29, 2009 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Danny produced high waves, beach erosion, and rip currents that injured a surfer.[88]

2010s

Hurricane Sandy travelling up the U.S. coastline on October 29

2020s

Tropical Storm Fay
making landfall on July 10, 2020
  • July 10, 2020 – Tropical Storm Fay made landfall just northeast of Atlantic City, New Jersey, with maximum sustained winds of 50 mph (80 km/h).[98] Four people drowned due to rip currents along the coast.[99] Fay was the first landfalling cyclone since Sandy in 2012 and the first fully tropical cyclone to make landfall in New Jersey since Irene in 2011.[100]
  • August 4, 2020 – Tropical Storm Isaias moved up the east coast of the United States, bringing wind gusts of 75 mph (120 km/h) to Cape May, as well as Berkeley Township.[101] Rainfall reached 5.41 in (137 mm) in Logan Township.[102] Governor Phil Murphy declared a state of emergency as 1.36 million people were reported without power throughout the state.[103][104] Isaias spawned two tornadoes in the state.[105] A 21-year-old man drowned off the coast of Cape May, New Jersey due to strong rip currents and rough surf.[106]
  • August 29, 2020 – Hurricane Laura's remnant energy brought 4.92 in (125 mm) of rainfall and 33 mph (53 km/h) wind gusts to the state.[100]
  • September 18–19, 2020 – Hurricane Sally's remnants brought 0.74 in (19 mm) of rainfall and 35 mph (56 km/h) wind gusts to the state.[100]
  • September 27–28, 2020 – Tropical Storm Beta's remnants brought 0.51 in (13 mm) of rainfall and 29 mph (47 km/h) wind gusts to the state.[100]
  • October 11–12, 2020 – Hurricane Delta's remnants affect New Jersey and surrounding states. A peak rainfall amount of 3.67 inches (93 mm) was recorded in West Creek, and a top wind gust of 42 miles per hour (68 km/h) was recorded in Sea Girt.[107]
  • October 29–31, 2020 – Post-Tropical Storm Zeta passes through the state, bringing high winds and heavy rainfall. A peak rainfall amount of 4.06 in (103 mm) and a wind gust of 45 mph (72 km/h) were recorded. A low pressure of 29.30 inches of mercury (992 mbar) was also recorded.[100]
  • July 8–9, 2021 – Tropical Storm Elsa moved up the east coast of the United States, bringing heavy rain and gusty winds to the state overnight through the morning of July 9. Elsa spawned two tornadoes in the state.[108]
  • August 16–20, 2021 – Tropical Storm Fred moved through the eastern United States, bringing rainfall to the northern portion of the state.[109]
  • August 21–24, 2021 – Tropical Storm Henri looped through New England, bringing heavy rainfall and flash flooding to northern New Jersey.[110]
  • September 1, 2021 – The remnants of
    flash flood emergency was also in effect for Trenton.[111][112] As the remnants moved over more of the state, two more flash flood emergencies were issued for parts of the state, one for the Edison area, and another for the Elizabeth area.[113][114] In total 23 people died in the state.[115]
  • September 18, 2021 – Rip currents from Tropical Storm Odette killed a surfer in Ocean County.[116]
  • October 27, 2021 – The precursor to Tropical Storm Wanda dropped heavy rainfall across the United States, causing one fataliity in the state when a driver was struck by a fallen tree branch.[117]
  • September 8–10, 2022 – Swells from Hurricane Earl killed two people in the state.[118][119]
  • September 30–October 1, 2022 – The remnants of Hurricane Ian brought rainfall to the state before evolving into a nor'easter.[120]
  • November 11–12, 2022 – The remnants of Hurricane Nicole brought rainfall to the northern portion of the state.[121]
  • September 1–4, 2023 – Rip currents from Hurricane Franklin and the remnants of Hurricane Idalia killed three people along the state's coastline.[122]
  • September 14, 2023 – High waves from Hurricane Lee capsized a boat in Manasquan Inlet, killing one person.[123]
  • September 24, 2023 – The remnants of Tropical Storm Ophelia moved through the state, bringing heavy rainfall.[124]

Climatological statistics

Tropical cyclones affect New Jersey the most during the month of September, though the state has experienced tropical cyclones throughout the hurricane season, excluding November. Storms affect the state most in September due to peak warmth in water temperatures. No recorded storm has affected the state between November and May except for Hurricane Gordon in November 1994.[1]

Number of recorded storms affecting New Jersey
Month Number of storms
June
9
July
11
August
38
September
44
October
14
November
1
Storms affecting New Jersey by period
Period Number of storms
1800s
23
1900–49
9
1950s
14
1960s
12
1970s
9
1980s
12
1990s
18
2000s
23
2010s
25
2020s
9

Deadly storms

Most tropical cyclones that impact New Jersey only cause rainfall or strong waves, though a few have caused deaths in the state, including the following:

Name Year Number of deaths
Sandy 2012 37 [125]
Ida 2021 31
Unnamed 1806 21
Irene
2011 10
Unnamed
1944 9
Unnamed 1878 8
Connie 1955 6
Floyd 1999 6
Felix 1995 5
Fay 2020 4
Unnamed 1940 4
Diane 1955 3
Doria
1967 3
Doria
1971 3
Bertha 2008 3
Maria 2017 3
Idalia 2023 3
Unnamed 1933 2
Edouard 1996 2
Isabel 2003 2 (including 1 indirect)
Earl 2010 2
Cristobal
2014 2
Earl 2022 2
Isaias 2020 1 (including 1 indirect)
Barbara 1953 1
Gloria 1985 1
Gabrielle 1989 1
Danielle 1992 1
Bertha 1996 1
Paulette 2020 1
Teddy 2020 1
Maria and Nate 2005 1
Lee 2023 1
Donna 1960 1 (indirect)
Jose 2017 1

Strongest storms

The following storms have caused hurricane-force winds in New Jersey:

Name Saffir–Simpson
Category
Date of closest approach Year
Gale of 1878 1 October 23 1878
1903 New Jersey hurricane 1 September 16 1903
Unnamed
1 September 8 1934
1944 Great Atlantic hurricane 1 September 14 1944
Sandy 1 October 29 2012

See also

References

  1. ^ .
  2. MiB) available online from Brown University
    . URLs accessed on May 27, 2006.
  3. ^ Brian H. Bossak & James B. Elsner. "1804 Atlantic hurricane season". Archived from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  4. ^ Ludlum. "Great Coastal Hurricane of 1806" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  5. ^ Dunn and Miller. "Great September Gale of 1815" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  6. ^ "Storm of 1817" (PDF). 2004. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  7. ^ Various (1963). "1821 Atlantic hurricane season". Archived from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  8. ^ Ludlum (1963). "Atlantic Coast Hurricane of 1839" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  9. ^ Ludlum (1963). "October Gale of 1841" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  10. ^ Ludlum (1963). "Great Hurricane of 1846" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  11. ^ Ludlum (1963). "July Storm of 1850" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  12. ^ Ludlum (1963). "Severe Storm at Apalachicola" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  13. ^ Ludlum (1963). "September Storm of 1950" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Atlantic hurricane best track (HURDAT version 2)" (Database). United States National Hurricane Center. April 5, 2023. Retrieved June 26, 2024. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  15. ^ Robert Sheets (1990). "The National Hurricane Center: Past, Present, and Future" (PDF). p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 28, 2009. Retrieved 2007-11-27.
  16. ^ David M. Roth & Hugh D. Cobb (2000). "Re-analysis of the Gale of '78". Archived from the original on 2013-03-18. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  17. ^ National Weather Service (1882). "1882 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2006-02-15. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  18. ^ National Weather Service (1893). "1893 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  19. ^ Chris Landsea; et al. (May 2012). Documentation of Atlantic Tropical Cyclones Changes in HURDAT (1933) (Report). Hurricane Research Division. Archived from the original on 2016-11-14. Retrieved 2013-09-23.
  20. ^ "9 Die as Gale Hits U.S. Coast". The Leader-Post. Associated Press. August 22, 1933. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
  21. ^ I.R. Tannehill (1939). "Tropical Disturbance of August 1939" (PDF). U.S. Weather Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-03-28.
  22. ^ Schoner, R.W.; Molansky, S.; Hydrologic Services Division (July 1956). "Rainfall Associated With Hurricanes (And Other Tropical Disturbances)" (PDF). Washington, D.C.: National Hurricane Research Project. pp. 262–263. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  23. ^ "Hurricanes and New Jersey". Hurricanes and the Middle Atlantic States. Archived from the original on 2013-07-06. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  24. ^ "Floods Inundate New Jersey Area". Ellensburg Daily Record. Camden, New Jersey. Associated Press. September 2, 1940. p. 1. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
  25. (PDF) from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  26. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at Roth, David M (May 12, 2022). "Tropical Cyclone Rainfall in the Mid-Atlantic United States". Tropical Cyclone Rainfall. United States Weather Prediction Center. Retrieved January 6, 2023. Public Domain This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  27. ^ "Historic Hurricanes--Some of the Most Powerful Storms on Record". Archived from the original on 2006-03-24. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  28. ^ H.C. Sumner (1944). "Hurricanes and Tropical Disturbances of 1944" (PDF). U.S. Weather Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2008-03-07. Retrieved 2007-05-03.
  29. ^ "East Coast is Hit Hard by Storm". The Montreal Gazette. Associated Press. August 15, 1953. Archived from the original on September 3, 2021. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
  30. ^ "Connie Loses Punch After Taking 28 Lives, Causing Millions in Damage". The Times Daily. Associated Press. August 13, 1955. Archived from the original on 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  31. ^ "Hurricane Connie Now Medium-Sized". Lewiston Morning-Tribune. Associated Press. August 14, 1955. Archived from the original on 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  32. ^ "Waning Hurricane Connie Poses Threat to Ontario". The Vancouver Sun. Associated Press. August 13, 1955. Archived from the original on 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
  33. ^ Floods of August – October 1955: New England to North Carolina. Washington, D.C.: United States Geological Survey. 1960. pp. 15, 27. Archived from the original on 2021-09-03. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
  34. from the original on 2015-09-06. Retrieved 2018-09-22.
  35. ^ Howard Frederick Matthai (1955). Floods of August 1955 in the Northeastern States (Report). United States Geological Survey. pp. 1–10. Archived from the original on 2016-05-21. Retrieved 2013-02-09.
  36. ^ David Roth (2006). "Rainfall information for Hurricane Ione". wpc. Archived from the original on 2013-09-23. Retrieved 2006-09-11.
  37. ^ Gordon E. Dunn (1961). "1960 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-25. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  38. ^ Gordon E. Dunn and Staff (1962). "1961 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2013-11-26. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  39. ^ Gordon E. Dunn and Staff (1965). "1961 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). U.S. Weather Bureau Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2007-06-29. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  40. ^ Arnold L. Sugg (1967). "1966 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-17. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  41. ^ Arnold L. Sugg & Joseph M. Pellisier (1967). "1967 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau Office. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2007-06-29. Retrieved 2006-04-04.
  42. ^ United States Geological Survey Kansas Weather Science Center (2005). "Summary of Significant Floods; 1971". Archived from the original on September 25, 2006. Retrieved 2006-11-24.
  43. ^ Steven Gilbert (2005). "Building Bridges Dangerous Discussions". Archived from the original on 2007-09-28. Retrieved 2006-11-24.
  44. ^ R. H. Simpson & John Hope (1971). "1971 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather Bureau Office. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-09-23. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  45. ^ R.H. Simpson & Paul J. Hebert (1962). "1972 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Weather National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-05-25. Retrieved 2006-04-04.
  46. ^ Paul J. Hebert (1976). "1975 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-10-26. Retrieved 2006-04-04.
  47. ^ Miles B. Lawrence (1977). "1976 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2007-11-27. Retrieved 2006-04-04.
  48. ^ Paul J. Hebert (1980). "1979 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-01-04. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  49. ^ "Domestic News: Hurricane Josephine". Associated Press. 1984-10-14.
  50. ^ David Roth (2008). "Rainfall Summary for 1984 Tropical Depression". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. Archived from the original on 2008-10-05. Retrieved 2008-05-11.
  51. ^ Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2006). "Henri Rainfall Information". Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  52. ^ Robert A. Case (1985). "1985 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2014-02-03. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  53. ^ Michael A. Grammatico (2002). "HURRICANE GLORIA — September 27, 1985". Geocities.com. Archived from the original on 2006-04-29. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  54. ^ "September 1985". Storm Data. 27 (9). National Climatic Data Center: 23, 30, 33, 37, 38, 41, 43, 44. Archived from the original on April 14, 2016. Retrieved August 12, 2013.
  55. ^ Miles B. Lawrence (1987). "1986 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2009-05-07. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  56. ^ Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2006). "Chris Rainfall Information". Archived from the original on 2013-09-22. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  57. ^ National Hurricane Center (1989). "NHC Gabrielle Report". Archived from the original on 2009-03-20. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  58. ^ Hydrometeorological Prediction Center (2006). "Hugo Rainfall Information". Archived from the original on 2013-06-18. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  59. ^ "wpc Report on Marco and Klaus". Hydrometeorlogical Prediction Center. 2006. Archived from the original on January 3, 2011. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  60. ^ Mayfield, Max, Avila, Lixion, and Rappaport, Edward N. (March 1994). "1992 Monthly Weather Review" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  61. ^ "wpc Report on Beryl". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2006. Archived from the original on June 18, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  62. ^ "wpc Report on Erin". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2006. Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  63. ^ Max Mayfield & Jack Beven (1995). "Hurricane Felix Preliminary Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2013-12-03. Retrieved 2007-11-27.
  64. ^ "wpc Report on Opal". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2006. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  65. ^ Lawrence, Miles B (November 9, 1996). "NHC Bertha report". NHC. Archived from the original on August 25, 2010. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  66. ^ Richard A. Pasch (1996). "NHC Edouard Report". National Hurricane Center. Archived from the original on 2013-07-14. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  67. ^ National Climatic Data Center (1998). "Hurricane Bonnie Event Report". Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2007-11-27.
  68. ^ "wpc Report on Dennis". Hydrometeorological Prediction Center. 2006. Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  69. ^ Richard J. Pasch, Todd B. Kimberlain and Stacy R. Stewart (1999). "NHC Floyd Report". NHC. Archived from the original on 2010-12-02. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  70. ^ "Hurricaneville Floyd Page". Archived from the original on 2006-04-27. Retrieved 2006-04-03.
  71. ^ September climate extremes accessed April 3, 2006
  72. ^ "Risk Assessment" (PDF). State of New Jersey 2014 Hazard Mitigation Plan (Report). State of New Jersey. Page 5.8-2. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
  73. ^ Stewart, Stacy R. (February 8, 2002). "NHC Allison report". Archived from the original on September 16, 2008. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  74. ^ Tom Grazulis and Bill McCaul (2006). "Every Hurricane that has Spawned a Tornado". The Tornado Project. Archived from the original on June 3, 2011. Retrieved October 22, 2006.
  75. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2003). "Event Report for Tornado". Archived from the original on 2018-09-25. Retrieved September 25, 2018.
  76. ^ "wpc Henri report". Archived from the original on September 22, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  77. ^ Beven, Jack & Cobb, Hugh. (January 16, 2004). "NHC Isabel report". Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  78. ^ Stewart, Stacy R. (May 27, 2005). "NHC Ivan report". Archived from the original on September 11, 2007. Retrieved April 3, 2006.
  79. ^ "NHC Jeanne report". Archived from the original on September 21, 2013. Retrieved May 25, 2006.
  80. ^ "Heavy Rain Event". National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original on 2018-09-26. Retrieved September 26, 2018.
  81. ^ "Hurricane Irene Affecting Jersey Shore". Associated Press. August 16, 2005. Archived from the original on September 2, 2006. Retrieved May 25, 2006.
  82. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). "Event Report for Hurricane Katrina". Archived from the original on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2008-02-04.
  83. ^ National Climatic Data Center (2005). "Event Record Details for New Jersey". Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2006-05-31.
  84. ^ Gorse/JJM (2006). "The Remnants of Tropical Storm Ernesto". Mount Holly, New Jersey National Weather Service. Archived from the original on 2008-06-18. Retrieved 2006-09-11.
  85. ^ "Three Swimmers Drown at Jersey Shore over the Weekend". The Reporter. 2008-07-14. Archived from the original on 2008-09-14. Retrieved 2008-07-15.
  86. ^ "National Climatic Data Center: Heavy Rain Report, New Jersey". National Climatic Data Center. 2008. Archived from the original on August 30, 2010. Retrieved December 18, 2008.
  87. ^ "Rip Current Event". National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original on 2018-09-25. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  88. ^ "High Surf Event". National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original on 2018-09-25. Retrieved September 24, 2018.
  89. ^ Joseph De Avila (September 4, 2010). "Earl Weakens, Claims Victim". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on September 6, 2010. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
  90. ^ "Far-away Hurricane Igor causes rip currents along Jersey Shore". New Jersey On-Line. Associated Press. September 20, 2010. Archived from the original on September 23, 2010. Retrieved October 10, 2010.
  91. ^ Flood Event Report (Report). National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original on 2018-09-27. Retrieved September 26, 2018.
  92. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Report – Hurricane Irene" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. December 14, 2011. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
  93. ^ Pradelli, Chad (September 19, 2017). "Hurricane Jose sends waves crashing over sea wall". Philadelphia: WPVI-TV. Archived from the original on September 20, 2017. Retrieved September 20, 2017.
  94. ^ Oliphant, Vickiie (2017-10-30). "Tropical Storm Philippe: Storm spawns 2 tornados as it brings wind and rain to New York". Express.co.uk. Archived from the original on 2017-12-27. Retrieved 2017-12-26.
  95. ^ Torrejon, Rodrigo (October 11, 2018). "Flash flood watch for New Jersey, New York as Hurricane Michael remnants roll through". North Jersey News. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved December 10, 2020.
  96. ^ "Barry Remnants Leave Power Out, Trees Down in New Jersey". NBC 10 Philadelphia. July 18, 2019. Archived from the original on October 19, 2020. Retrieved October 19, 2020.
  97. ^ Scott, Katherine; Hartman, Trish (September 6, 2019). "Dorian creates gusty winds, rough surf along Jersey shore". Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: WPVI-TV. Archived from the original on September 9, 2019. Retrieved September 9, 2019.
  98. ^ "Tropical Storm FAY". www.nhc.noaa.gov. July 10, 2020. Archived from the original on July 12, 2020. Retrieved July 11, 2020.
  99. ^ "Teen who disappeared in rough surf at Jersey Shore presumed dead, cops say". MSN. Archived from the original on 2020-07-12. Retrieved 2020-07-11.
  100. ^ a b c d e Robinson, Dave (January 2, 2021). ONJSC's To 10 NJ Weather and Climate Events of 2020 (Report). Office of the New Jersey State Climatologist. Archived from the original on January 3, 2021. Retrieved January 4, 2021.
  101. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-10. Retrieved 2020-08-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  102. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-06. Retrieved 2020-08-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  103. ^ Murphy, Phil (2020-08-04). "State of Emergency Declaration for New Jersey". Twitter. Archived from the original on 2020-08-04. Retrieved 2020-08-04.
  104. ^ "Isaias hammers NJ with tornadoes and heavy rain". ABC7 New York. 2020-08-04. Archived from the original on 2020-08-29. Retrieved 2020-08-04.
  105. ^ "NWSChat - NOAA's National Weather Service". Archived from the original on 2020-08-09. Retrieved 2020-08-05.
  106. ^ Allie Miller (August 4, 2020). "Man's body found in surf off Cape May beach". Philly Voice. Archived from the original on August 6, 2020. Retrieved August 5, 2020.
  107. NJ 101.5. Archived
    from the original on 2021-10-06. Retrieved 2020-10-13.
  108. ^ US Department of Commerce, NOAA. "Tropical Storm Elsa: July 8, 2021". www.weather.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-07-30. Retrieved 2021-07-30.
  109. ^ "Tropical Storm Fred - August 10-19, 2021". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  110. ^ "Tropical Storm Henri - August 21-24, 2021". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  111. ^ "KPHI Tornado Warning #49". Archived from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  112. ^ "KPHI Flash Flood Warning #75". Archived from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  113. ^ "KPHI Tornado Warning #76". Archived from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  114. ^ "KOKX Flash Flood Warning #49". Archived from the original on September 1, 2020. Retrieved September 1, 2021.
  115. ^ News 12 Staff (September 2, 2021). "Gov. Murphy: At least 23 New Jersey residents have died from Ida; most overtaken by floodwaters". News 12. Archived from the original on October 1, 2021. Retrieved October 1, 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  116. ^ "Rip Current Event Report". National Climatic Data Center. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  117. ^ Reinhart, Brad; Berg, Robbie (February 23, 2022). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Wanda (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Archived (PDF) from the original on February 23, 2022. Retrieved July 27, 2023.
  118. ^ [New Jersey Event Report: Rip Current] (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Archived from the original on September 26, 2023. Retrieved September 26, 2023. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  119. ^ [New Jersey Event Report: Rip Current] (Report). National Centers for Environmental Information. 2022. Archived from the original on December 21, 2022. Retrieved September 26, 2023. {{cite report}}: Unknown parameter |agency= ignored (help)
  120. ^ "Hurricane Ian - September 25-October 1, 2022". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on February 28, 2024. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  121. ^ "Hurricane Nicole - November 8-12, 2022". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  122. ^ "Rip currents along Atlantic coast spur rescues, at least 8 deaths, including in NJ". Associated Press. September 6, 2023. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  123. ^ Larsen, Erik (2023-09-26). "Remains of missing boater in Manasquan Inlet, Derek Narby, 'positively identified'". Asbury Park Press. Archived from the original on 2024-01-28. Retrieved 2023-09-26.
  124. ^ "Tropical Storm Ophelia - September 21-26, 2023". Weather Prediction Center. Archived from the original on November 4, 2023. Retrieved November 4, 2023.
  125. ^ Osterman, Cynthia (November 16, 2012). "Factbox: Storm Sandy blamed for at least 132 deaths in U.S., Canada". Reuters. Archived from the original on August 10, 2021. Retrieved July 5, 2021.