National symbols of Turkey
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National symbols of Turkey are symbols used to represent the citizens of the
Flag
The Turkish flag is the national and official flag of the Republic of Turkey.
The flag, which has no official meaning, is blood red, according to legend, and represents the shed blood of martyrs. The image of the Turkish flag was formed with the crescent moon and a star reflected on these bloods at midnight. This legend is said to have taken place in the First Battle of Kosovo in 1389.[2]
National anthem
The
History
At the beginning of the
The seven poems that passed the pre-selection were discussed in the Assembly session chaired by
The composition of the poem was delayed for two years due to the ongoing war. On February 12, 1923, the Istanbul Education Directorate was given the task of opening a composition competition.[10] 24 composers participated in the second competition. However, due to the difficult conditions in the country, an evaluation that would determine the result could not be made. For this reason, the lyrics began to be read with different compositions in various parts of the country; Compositions by Ahmet Yekta Bey in Edirne, by İsmail Zühtü Bey in İzmir, by Osman Zeki Üngör in Ankara, by Ali Rıfat Bey and Zati Bey in Istanbul.[6]
The selection committee convened in Ankara in 1924 accepted the composition of Ali Rıfat Çağatay.[11] This composition was played until 1930 and was changed in 1930, and the current composition prepared in 1922 by the then Presidential Symphony Orchestra Conductor Osman Zeki Üngör was put into effect. Edgar Manas made the harmonization of the anthem, which consists of a total of nine quatrains and a fifth, and İhsan Servet Künçer arranged the band.
In 2013, various technical arrangements were made in order to eliminate the difficulty of reading the composition of the anthem.[12] As a result of these regulations, two versions emerged. The first version is prepared for the singing of young people and collective groups, while the second version is used at national and international official high-level ceremonial events.[13]
Emblem
Turkey does not have an official coat of arms. Instead, where the coat of arms is required, de facto (Turkish identity card, Turkish passport, etc.) a red crescent and star without a background is used. With the abolition of the sultanate in 1922, the use of the coat of arms of the Ottoman Empire ended, and in 1925, the Ministry of Education organized a competition to determine a new state coat of arms. Painter Namık İsmail won the competition.[14][15] However, this coat of arms was never officially enacted and used.
In August 2014, the ruling Justice and Development Party's Şanlıurfa Deputy Zeynep Karahan Uslu officially submitted the "Draft Law on Determination of the Official Coat of Arms of the Republic of Turkey" to the Group Presidency of her party for the design of a new coat of arms.
Presidential Standard
The Presidential Standard of Turkey represents
The emblem on the Fors consists of a golden yellow sun with 16 rays and 16 stars around the sun. There are two different interpretations of the meaning of the coat of arms. According to the first interpretation, the sun in the middle of the coat of arms, Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, "The Republic of Turkey will stand forever." supports the promise of eternity and Turkey, and 16 stars symbolize the 16 Great Turkic Empires established throughout history.[17]
Cultural symbols
National colors
The national colors of Turkey are
National flower
The
National animal
Throughout
References
- Türk Tarih Kurumu. 24 September 1983. Archived from the originalon 20 April 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ Map Universal, Turkey Flag Map and Meaning Archived 2020-11-25 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "İşte İstiklal Marşı'nın ilk bestesi". sabah.com.tr. Sabah gazetesi. 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
- ^ a b c ""Devşirme" Marşlarla Milliyetçili". bianet.org. Taraf gazetesi. 26 April 2008. Archived from the original on 6 April 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
- ^ a b c İstiklâl Marşı Archived 2016-03-05 at the Wayback Machine Yayın: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Millî Eğitim Bakanlığı, Yayın tarihi: 2003.
- ^ a b "İstiklal Marşı'mız Nasıl Yazıldı?". Derindunya.com. 26 June 2014. Archived from the original on 19 November 2016. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
- TBMM. Archived from the original(PDF) on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
- TBMM. Archived from the original(PDF) on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
- TBMM. Archived from the original(PDF) on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 8 March 2009.
- ^ "İstiklâl Marşı'nı orkestraya bir Ermeni vatandaşın uyarladığını bilir misiniz?". haberturk.com. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
- ^ "İstiklâl Marşı'nın Altı Yıl Boyunca Kullanılan İlk Bestesi". YouTube. 21 September 2006. Archived from the original on 1 February 2013. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
- ^ "Yeni bestesiyle ilk kez okundu". haberturk.com (in Turkish). 25 October 2013. Archived from the original on 11 March 2022. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
- ^ "T.C.CUMHURBAŞKANLIĞI : İstiklal Marşı". tccb.gov.tr. Archived from the original on 16 March 2016. Retrieved 10 March 2022.
- ^ "Chapter". Osmanlı tarih deyimleri ve terimleri sözlüǧü. Vol. 1. M.E.B. Devlet Kitapları. 1954. p. 8. Retrieved 17 November 2011.
- ^ "Arma". Aksiyon Dergisi. No. 373. 2002. Archived from the original on 27 February 2005. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
Cumhuriyetin ilk yıllarında Türkiye'nin kendi armasını yapmak için girişimler olmuş. Ancak bir türlü hayata geçirilemeyen bu proje kapsamında, 1927 yılında Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı tarafından bir yarışma açılmış. Birçok eserin katıldığı yarışmada Namık İsmail'in arması birincilik almış. Diğer tüm armalar gibi kalkan içerisinde bulunan armanın zemini kırmızıymış. Merkezinde Türk Bayrağını temsil eden ay yıldızın bulunduğu armanın alt kısmında Oğuz menkıbesini simgeleyen bir kurt resmi bulunuyormuş. Kurdun ayaklarının altında ise eski bir Türk silahı 'harbe' bulunuyormuş. Kalkanın altında bulunan İstiklal Madalyası ise harbi ve bunun neticesini muhafaza etmeyi simgeliyormuş. Başak ve meşe yapraklarıyla sarılı armanın ortasında ise Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'ni simgeleyen T.C harfleri varmış. Ancak Mustafa Kemal Atatürk'ün de çok istediği bu arma bir türlü resmi şekle sokulamadı.
- ^ "TÜRK BAYRAĞI TÜZÜĞÜ" (PDF). mevzuat.gov.tr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
- ^ "16 Türk Devleti Hakkında". Türk Dünyası Tarih Dergisi. No. 4. 15 April 1987. pp. 53–54.
- ISBN 0-88192-744-9.