Ukrainian Ground Forces

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Ukrainian Ground Forces
Сухопутні війська Збройних сил України
Army Day
(6 December)[2]
Engagements
Websitewar.ukraine.ua
Commanders
CommanderLieutenant General Oleksandr Pavliuk
Insignia
EnsignEnsign of Ukrainian Ground Forces
Cap badge
Shoulder sleeve insignia

The Ukrainian Ground Forces (Ukrainian: Сухопутні війська Збройних сил України), also referred to as the Ukrainian army, are the land forces of Ukraine and one of the eight branches of the Armed Forces of Ukraine. They were formed from Ukrainian units of the Soviet Army after Ukrainian independence, and trace their ancestry to the 1917–22 army of the Ukrainian People's Republic.

After the

war in Donbas in April 2014 in eastern Ukraine, Ukraine embarked on a program to enlarge and modernise its armed forces.[3][4][5] Personnel in the Ukrainian Armed Forces overall climbed from 129,950 in March 2014[6] to 204,000 active personnel in May 2015,[7] with 169,000 soldiers in the Ground Forces branch as of 2016.[8][needs update] In 2016, 75% of the army consisted of contract servicemen.[9][needs update] Since 2014, Ukraine's ground forces have also been equipped with increasingly modern tanks, APCs, and many other types of combat equipment.[10]

History

Ukrainian People's Army soldiers in front of St. Michael's Golden-Domed Monastery in Kyiv, 1918

The Ukrainian Ground Forces traces its ancestry to the Ukrainian People's Army and the Ukrainian Galician Army of 1917-21. It fought in the Ukrainian War of Independence (the Ukrainian-Soviet War), the Southern Front of the Russian Civil War, the Polish–Ukrainian War, and the Polish–Soviet War.

Since 2015, with the adoption of the Defenders Day holiday, certain traditions of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army of World War II have been incorporated into the ethos and culture of the Ground Forces.

Collapse of the USSR

Ukrainian soldiers on a military exercise in 1998

The

Council of Ministers declared that a Ukrainian army would be created with 450,000 troops and the Ukrainian parliament adopted several laws that created the framework for the creation of Ukrainian ground, naval, and air forces, as well as a national guard. The Soviet defense ministry was opposed to this initially, but by early November they started talks with the Ukrainian defense ministry to manage the division of Soviet forces in Ukraine.[11]

The Ground Forces were officially established on 6 December 1991 as part of the armed forces, with a presidential decree on 12 December - from then on marked as Ground Forces Day - being the first that designated the Soviet Army's Ukrainian formations as the ground component of the new force.

After their establishment, in 1992 the Ukrainian Ground Forces included approximately 245,000 personnel[12] and 6,500 tanks.[13]

Creation of the Ground Forces

Ukrainian army Soldier in Iraq, 2003

The Ukrainian Ground Forces were the second largest army in Europe at the time.

14th Guards Army headquartered at Tiraspol in the Moldovan SSR. The post of commander of ground troops was designated in early 1992. By the end of 1992, the Kyiv Military District was disbanded, and Ukraine used its structures as the basis for the Ministry of Defence and the General Staff.[14]

The government made an effort to get all troops to take an oath of allegiance to Ukraine to prevent a possible coup. All personnel were required to either take the oath, or to retire or return to their home republic. The Ukrainian oath of loyalty that was administered was not based on ethnicity or linguistics but on a civic identity, and turned the Soviet military in Ukraine into the Ukrainian military. As of February 1992 about 80% of personnel had taken the oath, according to Defense Minister Morozov. Laws establishing regulations the personnel and technical basis for the military were passed in 1992, which included keeping the Soviet rank structure, with the exception of the rank of marshal, which was replaced with

general of the army of Ukraine. It was planned that the restructuring of the entire Armed Forces would take place until 1995.[11]

Between June and August 1993, the first redesignation of armies to army corps appears to have taken place.[15] While the post of Chief of Ground Forces had been created in early 1992, it was over two years before the first holder, Colonel General Vasily Sobkov, was appointed on 7 April 1994.[16] The legal framework for the Ground Forces was defined in Article 4 of the law 'On the Armed Forces of Ukraine.' At that time, the Ground Forces had no separate command body, and were directly subordinate to the Ukrainian General Staff.[citation needed]

The creation of the Ground Forces as a separate branch of the young AFU was formalised by Presidential Decree 368/96 of 23 May 1996, 'On the Ground Forces of Ukraine.'[17] That year both the Ground Forces Command was formed and the 1st Army Corps was reorganised as the Northern Territorial Operational Command (which became the Northern Operational Command in 1998). In 1997 the Carpathian Military District was reorganised as Operational Command West.

From 1992 to 1997, the forces of the Kyiv MD were transferred to the Odesa MD, and the Odesa MD's headquarters moved to Donetsk.[18] A new 2nd Army Corps was formed in the Odesa MD. Armies were converted to army corps, and motor rifle divisions converted into mechanised divisions or brigades. Pairs of attack helicopter regiments were combined to form army aviation brigades.[citation needed]

In a December 1996 speech, President Leonid Kuchma revealed that as many as 191 mechanised infantry and tank battalions were rated not ready, adding,"This is especially dangerous in the forward-based units securing the nation's borders."[19]

Reform

Ukrainian and US Army soldiers during the 2011 Rapid Trident exercise

Under a plan promulgated in 2000, the Ground Forces were to reduce the number of troops from 300,000 to 240,000 by 2015, and an ultimate change from a partial conscript-based force to a fully professional military.[20] The armed forces received little more than half of the Hr 68 million it was promised for reform in 2001, but managed to disband nine regiments and close 21 local military bases.[nb 1]

In 2005–06, the Northern Operational Command was reorganised as

Territorial Directorate "North". It was tasked with territorial defence, mobilisation training, and preparation of reserves.[21][nb 2]

From 1991 the Ukrainian Ground Forces bought its military equipment only from

war in Donbas, the defence industry in Ukraine produced equipment mostly for export.[23][3]

Russian occupation of Crimea

Main article:
Crimean crisis (2014)
Ukrainian troops in 2013, a year before the Crimean crisis

In the aftermath of the 2014 Ukrainian Revolution, Russian special forces in unmarked uniforms began surrounding Ukrainian military bases on the Crimean peninsula before capturing them individually using a mixture of attrition and threats.[24] Over the following weeks the Russian Armed Forces consolidated control of the peninsula and established road blocks to cut off the possibility of Ukraine sending reinforcements from the mainland.[25] The takeover of Crimea was largely bloodless, as the Ukrainian soldiers there did not fight back.[26] By the end of March, all remaining Ukrainian troops were ordered to pull out of Crimea.[27]

The Ukrainian army was considered to be in a poor state during and after the annexation, with only 6,000 of its troops ready for combat and many of its vehicles lacking batteries.[28] After Russia's annexation only 6,000 of the 20,300 Ukrainian soldiers stationed in Crimea before the annexation left the peninsula. The rest stayed in Crimea and defected to Russia.[29][30]

Russo-Ukrainian War

War in Donbas (2014–2022)

Main article:
War in Donbas (2014–2022)
war in Donbas

In the early months of the war in Donbas that erupted in 2014 the Armed Forces were widely criticised for their poor equipment and inept leadership, forcing Internal Affairs Ministry forces like the

territorial defence battalions to take on the brunt of the fighting in the first months of the war.[31][32]

By February 2018 the Ukrainian Armed Forces were larger and better equipped, numbering 200,000 active-service military personnel. Most of the volunteer soldiers of the territorial defence battalions were integrated into the Ukrainian army.[33]

Within the reporting period of 16 November 2017 to 15 February 2018 a United Nations OHCHR monitoring mission documented 115 cases of credible allegations of human rights abuses committed by Russia and its proxy forces.[34] The nature of the crimes ranges from enforced disappearances, looting of civilian property, torture, rape and sexual violence up to political repression and extrajudicial killings.[34]

Full-scale Russian invasion (2022–present)

Ukrainian soldier in a trench during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022
Main article:
2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

On 24 February 2022, Russia began a full-scale invasion of Ukraine.[35] The Ground Forces have been participants in most of the land combat actions of the ongoing war. The influx of Western material and supplies to the branch before and during the conflict as well as mobilisation efforts have resulted in a massive expansion of the force, in addition to ongoing force modernisation.

Military training and education centres

See also: Ukraine–NATO relations
Ukrainian special forces soldiers during an exercise in November 2015
Ukrainian soldier and Canadian soldier conversing with each other during the 2014 Rapid Trident exercise in Yavoriv, Ukraine

Training in 2006 was aimed at developing mobility and combat readiness of the forces.[36] The Ukrainian Armed Forces took advantage of the opportunities provided by UN exercises and exercises where Ukraine, NATO members, and other partners participated.[36][37]

Training resulted in 6,000 combat-ready troops in the spring of 2014 of Ukraine's (then) 129,950 active military personnel.[28][38] In 2016 the Ukrainian army had more than 200,000 combat-ready soldiers of its 260,000 active personnel.[7][39]

In 2015 Ukraine, the

Khmelnytskyi, Kamianets-Podilskyi, and Yavoriv.[39] The latter, known as the International Centre for Peacekeeping and Security or the Yavoriv Combat Training Centre, was hit by eight Russian missiles in March 2022.[40]

It appears that the SAS has left behind forces to train Ukrainian soldiers. At least two officers from the SAS were confirmed as having been in Ukraine, each being posted with a different battalion near Kyiv; emphasis has been training Ukrainian soldiers how to use the Anglo-Swedish NLAW. Other soldiers have actually been trained in the UK, according to the article, with the training course being approximately two weeks long for each participant.[41] This follows an earlier report of British special forces being left behind in Ukraine. This includes the SAS, the Special Boat Service, and the Special Reconnaissance Regiment. Other contributors appear to be unnamed special forces from Eastern European countries. These forces are training the Ukrainian military in sabotage, counter-insurgency, and sniping.[42]

Education centres

In 2007 the network of exercise and training ranges and centres was optimized, decreasing their number and increasing the specialization of each centre.[43]

Schooling occurs at:

– (Lviv) – an academy for all officer cadets seeking a commission, an equivalent of the American West Point and British Sandhurst
  • Ivan Chernyakhovsky National Defence University of Ukraine
    – (Kyiv – teaches specializations like foreign languages, book keeping, cryptology, study of armaments, logistics, etc
  • Ivan Bohun Military High School – (Kyiv) – a JROTC style boarding school which has a curriculum identical to Ukraine's public schools with added focus on military teachings and discipline
  • Korolev Signals Institute – (Zhytomyr) – teaches theory and practice of electromagnetic waves and their uses in communication, radio location, eavesdropping, and jamming
  • Military Institute of Telecommunications and Information Technologies – (Kyiv) – teaches the following subjects: computer science, systems engineering, telecommunications, security information and communication systems, systems of technical protection of information, and electronic military administration[44]
  • Odesa Artillery Academy

    • Training ranges are at:[citation needed]

    • Uzhhorod Military Training Centre
    • Storozhynets Military Training Centre
    • Yavoriv Military Training Centre
    • Rivne Military Training Centre
    • Novohrad-Volynskyi Military Training Centre
    • Zhytomyr Military Training
    • Soshnikovskyi Military Training Centre
    • Maloye Ozero Military Training Centre
    • Poltava Military Training Centre
    • Chuhuiv Military Training Centre
    • Chervona Polyana Military Training Centre
    • Samarskyi Bor Military Training Centre
    • Mykolaiv Military Training
    • Shyrokiy Lan Military Training Centre
    • Bolhrad Military Training Centre
    • Shirokyi Ovrag Military Training

    Branches of the Ground Forces

    Armed Forces of Ukraine
    Main branches
    Law enforcement
    Related services
    Intelligence
    History of the Ukrainian Military

    Armoured and mechanised forces

    Main articles: Mechanized Infantry (Ukraine) and Armoured Forces (Ukraine)
    A Ukrainian soldier in a KrAZ Spartan preparing to engage the opposition force during an air assault at Exercise Rapid Trident 16 July 3, 2016
    A Ukrainian army T-64BM during a training exercise

    Mechanised infantry and armoured forces brigades constitute the largest and primary components of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. Their primary objectives in the case of wartime operations are: capturing and holding targets, maintaining positions, defending against attack, penetrating enemy lines, and defeating enemy forces.

    The mechanised infantry and armoured forces are equipped with a combination of Soviet-made (part of them modernised), more modern Ukrainian-made, and increasingly Western-made armoured vehicles, including variants of the T-80, T-64,[45] (T-64BV Model 2017, T-64BV), T-64BM "Bulat"[46] and T-72UA1 main battle tanks,[47][48][49] BTR-4, BTR-60, BTR-70, and BTR-80 wheeled armoured personnel carriers, and BMP-1, BMP-2, and BMD-2 infantry combat vehicles.

    In the years after the fall of the Soviet Union, a large number of the former Soviet mechanised infantry and armoured formations on Ukrainian soil were disbanded – the IISS said the numbers dropped from 14 divisions in 1992, to two divisions, six brigades, and one independent regiment in 2008.[50] Today, the key echelon for mechanised and armoured formations is the brigade.[citation needed]

    The mechanised infantry brigades, together with the newer motorised infantry and assault infantry brigades, constitute the Infantry Corps of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. The Armoured Forces also constitute their own corps.

    Established in 1991, these two corps are the oldest combat arms of the Ukrainian Ground Forces.

    Light infantry brigades

    The Ukrainian Ground Forces also include two mountain assault infantry brigades, two Jäger infantry brigades, and four reserve rifle infantry brigades. All of these units are part of the Infantry Corps and alongside those of Soviet made manufacture, these are being supplied with Western products and arms systems locally produced by the Ukrainian defence industry.[51]

    Army Aviation

    Mil Mi-24 helicopters of the Ukrainian Army Aviation

    The Ukrainian Army Aviation provides reconnaissance, tactical fire support and air transport for the Ukrainian Ground Forces in support of its paramount responsibilities to the nation. As of 2017 Ukraine's army fields four Army Aviation brigades in an Army Aviation Command directly subordinated to the Ground Forces HQ, each in support of operational commands of the UGF:

    The Army Aviation's maintenance facility is the 57th Aviation Base in Brody. The service's equipment includes Mi-2, Mi-8, and Mi-24 helicopters.

    Rocket Forces and Artillery

    Main article: Rocket Forces and Artillery (Ukraine)
    Ukrainian BM-30 Smerch heavy multiple rocket launchers on parade in Kyiv

    The RF&FA (Rocket Forces and Field Artillery) Corps constitute one of the oldest combat support corps of the Ukrainian Ground Forces. Established 1991 on the basis of Soviet Army artillery divisions assigned to the AFU and the field artillery of the UGF's divisions, units of this corps provide artillery fires support to formations of the Ground Forces in combat operations and in wartime operational support of other branches of the AFU in fulfillment of its missions to the nation.

    Ground Forces Air Defence Missile Artillery

    The Army Anti-Air Defence Missile Artillery regiments and brigade-level battalions or regiments in the infantry and armoured brigades are responsible for protecting troops against enemy air attacks anywhere on the battlefield, and while in combat or in static protection of UGF facilities. The army air defence branch is equipped with a variety of effective surface-to-air missile systems of the air defence regiments and anti-aircraft missile and artillery complexes under the brigades' air defence battalions or regiments. Brigade level units are characterized by their high rate of fire, vitality, maneuverability, and capability of action under all conditions of modern combat arms operations. Surface-to-air missile systems and complexes of operational command level are characterised by their long range and firepower and are equipped with surface-to-air missile complexes Osa, Buk, Buk-M1, and Tor. Anti-aircraft missile and artillery complexes that are of brigade level are equipped with various ex-Soviet and Western systems like the Tunguska-M1, Igla MANPADS system, Strela, and Shilka anti-aircraft missile systems.[52]

    Ukrainian S-300P launchers

    Formed in 1992, it is also one of the oldest combat support corps of the Ground Forces.

    Structure

    Ukrainian three man anti-tank team moving on foot in a winter maneuver, carrying a Stugna-P ATGM

    The war in Donbas caused a radical reform of the Ukrainian Armed Forces in general and the Ukrainian Ground Forces in particular; it built and expanded on the 2011 structure.[53] As of 2022 the structure is the following:[54]

    Ground Forces Command of the Ukrainian Armed Forces (Military Unit [MU] А0105), Kyiv.[55][56]

    Senior command personnel:[57]

    • Commander of the Ground Forces
    • Deputy Commander of the Ground Forces
    • Chief of Staff and Deputy Commander of the Ground Forces
    • Commander of Territorial Defence Forces of the Ground Forces Command
    • Commander of Logistics of the Ground Forces Command
    • Chief Sergeant-Major of the Ground Forces

    Formations and units directly subordinated to the Ground Forces Command:

    Educational institutions

    Training establishments units directly subordinated to the Ground Forces Command:[54]

    • National Academy of the Ground Forces 'Hetman Petro Sahaidachnyi' - Lviv, Lviv Oblast
      • Officer cadets training establishments:
        • Faculty of Combat Application of the Forces
        • Faculty of Combined Arms
        • Faculty of Missile Troops and Artillery
        • Faculty for Preparation of Combat (Operational) Support Specialists
      • NCO Personnel Military College
      • International Peacekeeping and Security Centre (MU А4150)
      • Combat Training Centre for Military Units
      • 184th Training Centre (MU А2615) - Starichi village, Lviv Oblast
        • 355th Mechanised Training Regiment (MU А3211)
        • Tank Training Battalion
        • 356th Artillery Training Regiment (MU А3618)
          • School of Self-Propelled Artillery
          • School of Towed Artillery
          • School of Anti-Tank Artillery
          • Mortar School
        • 49th Intelligence Training Centre (MU А4138)
        • Engineer Training Battalion
        • Imitation and Modelling Simulation Centre
        • 138th Logistical Training Battalion (MU А2600)
        • School for Initial and Refresher Training of Fire-Fighting Specialists
        • Other departments (інші підрозділи)
    • Odesa Military Academy - Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • Armoured Forces Military Institute 'Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine' - Military Faculty of the 'Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute' National Technical University
    • 169th Training Centre, Desna[55][56]

    Operational Command West

    Operational Command West (MU А0796) is headquartered in Rivne and has an area of responsibility covering the Volyn, Zakarpattia, Ivano-Frankivsk, Lviv, Rivne, Ternopil, Khmelnytskyi, and Chernivtsi Oblasts.

    A BMP-2 providing fire support for infantry during an exercise

    Headquarters, Rivne[55][56]

    Combat support units:

    • 7th Combat Command Group, Rivne, Rivne Oblast
    • 394th Security and Service Battalion, Rivne, Rivne Oblast
    • 224th Automobile Battalion, Rivne, Rivne Oblast
    • 55th Signals Regiment, Rivne, Rivne Oblast[55][56]
    • 346th Information and Telecommunications Nod
    • 146th Intelligence Command Centre
    • Regional Centre for Electronic Intelligence 'West'
    • 436th Electronic Warfare Nod
    • 201st Electronic Warfare Company
    • 111th NBC Surveillance and Analysis Station
    • 124th Joint Logistical Support Centre
    • 146th Repair and Overhaul Regiment, Zolochiv
    • 182nd Material Supply Battalion
    • 233rd Combined Arms Training Range
    • 90th Base for Artillery Ammunitions
    • other specialised and logistical units
    • Military comissariates
    • Territorial centres for recruitment and social policy implementation

    Combat units:

    Territorial Defence units:

    Regional Directorate [of Territorial Defence] 'West', Rivne, Rivne Oblast

    Operational Command North

    Operational Command North (MU 4583) is headquartered in Chernihiv and has an area of responsibility covering the Zhytomyr, Kyiv, Poltava, Sumy, Cherkasy, and Chernihiv Oblasts and the capital city of Kyiv.

    Headquarters, Chernihiv[55][56]

    Combat support units:

    • 9th Combat Command Group, Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
    • 134th Security and Service Battalion (MU А1624), Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
    • 226th Automobile Battalion (MU А2927), Berdychiv, Zhytomyr Oblast
    • 5th Signal Regiment (MU А2995), Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
    • 367th Information and Telecommunications Nod (MU А2984), Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
    • 90th Intelligence Command Centre
    • Regional ELINT Centre 'North' (MU А2622), Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
      • 121st Maneuver ELINT Centre (MU А1783), Chernihiv, Chernihiv Oblast
      • 122nd ELINT Centre (MU А1993), Chuhuiv, Kharkiv Oblast
    • 20th Electronic Warfare Battalion (MU А1262), Zhytomyr, Zhytomyr Oblast[55][56]
    • 12th Operational Support [Engineer] Regiment (MU А3814), Novohrad-Volynskyi, Zhytomyr Oblast[55][56]
    • 107th NBC Surveillance and Analysis Station
    • 125th Topographic Unit
    • 229th Joint Logistical Support Centre
    • 50th Repair and Overhaul Regiment (MU А1586),
      Huiva
      , Zhytomyr Oblast
    • 181st Material Supply Battalion (MU A2925), Novohrad-Volynskyi, Zhytomyr Oblast
    • Other specialised and logistical units
    • 1322nd Artillery Ammunitions Base
    • 242nd Combined Arms Training Range
    • Military comissariates (військові комісаріати)
    • Territorial centres for recruitment and social policy implementation

    Combat units:

    Territorial Defence units:

    Regional Directorate [of Territorial Defence] 'North', Kyiv

    Operational Command South

    Operational Command South (MU 2393) is headquartered in Odesa and has an area of responsibility covering the Vinnytsia, Kirovohrad, Mykolaiv, Odesa, and Kherson Oblasts.

    Headquarters, Odesa[55][56]

    Combat support units:

    • 10th Combat Command Group, Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • 363rd Security and Service Battalion (MU А1785), Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • 225th Automobile Battalion, Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • 7th Signal Regiment (MU А3783), Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • 64th Information and Telecommunications Nod (MU А1283), Odesa, Odesa Oblast
    • 91st Intelligence Command Centre (MU А2152)
    • Regional ELINT Centre 'South' (MU А3438)
      • 78th ELINT Centre (MU А2395)
      • 79th ELINT Centre (MU А2412)
      • 82nd Manoeuver ELINT Centre (MU А2444)
    • 23rd Electronic Warfare Company
    • 16th Operational Support [Engineer] Regiment
    • 108th NBC Surveillance and Analysis Station
    • 46th Joint Logistical Support Centre
    • 31st Repair and Overhaul Regiment
    • 183rd Material Supply Battalion
    • 1513th Artillery Ammunitions Base
    • 235th Joint Forces for Preparation of Military Units and Sub-Units
    • 241st Combined Arms Training Range
    • Other specialised and logistical units
    • Military comissariates
    • Territorial centres for recruitment and social policy implementation

    Combat units:

    Territorial Defence units:

    Regional Directorate [of Territorial Defence] 'South', Odesa, Odesa Oblast

    Operational Command East

    Operational Command East (MU 1314) is headquartered in Dnipro and has an area of responsibility covering Dnipropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zaporizhzhia, Luhansk, and Kharkiv Oblasts with the Russian-occupied territory of Crimea nominally attached to it as the Separate Ground Forces Area (Окремий військово-сухопутний район). OC East is the general command responsible for frontline regular UGF formations fighting in the war in Donbas and the ongoing Russian invasion.

    Headquarters, Dnipro[55][56] (as the result of the war in Donbas, a split from OC "South")

    Combat support units:

    Combat units:

    Territorial Defence units:

    Regional Directorate [of Territorial Defence] 'East', Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast

    • Information and Telecommunications Nod of Regional Directorate 'East', Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
    • Security and Service Company of Regional Directorate 'East', Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Kharkiv Oblast
      • 17th Rifle Battalion
      • 113th Kharkiv Territorial Defence Brigade (MU А7041)
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Zaporizhzhia Oblast
      • 6th Rifle Battalion (6-й окремий стрілецький батальйон)
      • 110th Zaporizhzhia Territorial Defence Brigade (MUА7038)
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Donetsk Oblast
      • Rifle Battalion
      • 109th Donetsk Territorial Defence Brigade (MU А7037)
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Luhansk Oblast
      • Rifle Battalion
      • 111th Luhansk Territorial Defence Brigade (MU А7039)

    Ground Forces Area - Russian-occupied Crimea peninsula, these structures exist only nominally:

    • Territorial Defence Zone of Sevastopol
      • Rifle Battalion
      • Territorial Defence Brigade
    • Territorial Defence Zone of the Crimean Autonomous Republic
      • Rifle Battalion
      • Territorial Defence Brigade

    Reserve Corps[60]

    The army's Reserve Corps (

    Ukrainian: Корпус резерву) is a new formation, directly subordinated to the General Staff. It is also called the Army Strategic Reserve Corps. Its main function is to prepare and administer reservists of the ground forces. According to plans the Reserve Corps was to be fully operational by 2020 with reserve servicemen in three separate categories:[61]

    In that organisation, the Reserve Corps is currently engaged in the ongoing Russian invasion of Ukraine and its reservists have fought in every ground operation of the conflict.

    Geographic distribution

    14th Mech.
    class=notpageimage|

    Location of Ukrainian Ground Forces units
    Tank,
    Mechanized, Motorized, Mountain Assault, Artillery, Rocket Artillery, Army Aviation
    Regiments: Rocket Artillery, Anti-Aircraft Missile Artillery, Engineer
    units in Italics are directly subordinated to Ground Forces Command