Newington Green
This article's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. (November 2020) |
Newington Green | |
---|---|
Newington Green looking northwest from Mildmay Park | |
London borough | |
Ceremonial county | Greater London |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | LONDON |
Postcode district | N16 N5 |
Dialling code | 020 |
Police | Metropolitan |
Fire | London |
Ambulance | London |
Islington South & Finsbury | |
London Assembly | |
Newington Green is an open space in North London between Islington and Hackney. It gives its name to the surrounding area, roughly bounded by Ball's Pond Road to the south, Petherton Road to the west, Green Lanes and Matthias Road to the north, and Boleyn Road to the east. The Green is in N16 and the area is covered by the N16, N1 and N5 postcodes. Newington Green Meeting House is situated near the park.
Origin
The first record of the area is as 'Neutone' in the
Royal visitors and prominent residents
In the 16th century the area had connections with the court of King
In 1523, a resident of the north side of the Green, the future
In 1535, Henry VIII's chief minister (the equivalent of today's
- in the 16th century, John Dudley, Earl of Warwick and afterwards Duke of Northumberland, general, admiral, and politician
- in the 17th century, Francis Bacon, one of the fathers of the scientific method, at that time the Attorney General, and Sir Thomas Coventry, afterwards Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
- in the 18th century, Oliver Goldsmith, the writer[6]
Samuel Pepys
The 17th-century diarist Samuel Pepys was sent to Newington Green and Kingsland by his mother in order to benefit from the fresh air and open spaces of what was then a rural area.[7]
Mildmay
Newington Green's history is marked by several streets in the area taking their name from this period, such as King Henry's Walk, Boleyn Road (formerly Ann Boleyn's Walk), Wolsey Road and Queen Elizabeth's Walk. Many other thoroughfares are named after the Mildmay estate, including Mildmay Park, Mildmay Grove North and Mildmay Grove South.
His grandson
Mildmay Mission Hospital was founded in the 1890s, inspired by the work of the Reverend William Pennefather during the cholera epidemic of 1866. It was absorbed into the National Health Service (NHS) in 1948, and in the 1980s began pioneering work into the treatment of patients with HIV/AIDS, which it continues.[8] In February 2024, the North London line and West London line of the London Overground were announced to be renamed the 'Mildmay line' after the hospital for August.[9]
Mildmay Park, located on the street of the same name, was a station on the North London Railway. Opened in 1880, it closed in 1934. The station building was demolished in 1987, but remnants of the platforms can still be seen at track level.
Nonconformists and the Dissenting Academies
The area became the home of
A
One such academy was set up on north of the Green, run by
Unitarian Church, Price and Wollstonecraft
In 1708 the
One of the most important residents of the Green was the early feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, who moved her fledgling school for girls from Islington to Newington Green in 1784.[19] It was Mrs Burgh, widow of the educationalist, who used her influence to find the young schoolmistress a house to rent and 20 students to fill it.[20] The flavour of the village and the approach of these Rational Dissenters appealed to Wollstonecraft: they were hard-working, humane, critical but uncynical, and respectful towards women.[21] The ideas Wollstonecraft ingested from the sermons at NGUC pushed her towards a political awakening.[22] A couple of years after she left Newington Green, these seeds germinated into A Vindication of the Rights of Men, a response to Burke's denunciation of the French Revolution and attack on Price. In 1792 she published the work for which she is best remembered, A Vindication of the Rights of Woman, in the spirit of rationalism extending Price's arguments about equality to women.[23] Newington Green had made its mark on Mary, and through this founding work of feminist philosophy, on the world. A Sculpture for Mary Wollstonecraft was unveiled in Newington Green on November 10, 2020.[24]
The New River
In 1602, it was proposed that a
In 1808, Rochemont Barbauld was appointed minister to Newington Green Unitarian Church. His wife, Anna Laetitia Barbauld (1743–1825), was a prolific writer, admired by Samuel Johnson and William Wordsworth.[26] She enjoyed a long friendship with Joseph Priestley and William Enfield, starting from their years together at the Warrington Academy in the 1760s, where her father was a tutor. She wrote poems (including a tribute to Priestley), hymns, children's literature, and political and religious tracts. She was an abolitionist, addressing one of her works to William Wilberforce. In 1793, he saw her contribution to the Pamphlet War, "Sins of the Government, Sins of the Nation". Two years later she wrote The Rights of Women, but this was not published until her death thirty years later. Rochemont eventually went violently insane, attacked his wife and committed suicide by drowning himself in the river.
In 1946, the supply was redirected at Stoke Newington, and in 1990 the New River was replaced by deep mains. Part of the New River's original course through Canonbury has now been turned into an ornamental walk.
Synagogues and Jewish life
Other religious institutions existed nearby. Jews fleeing the
For a period from the end of the nineteenth century, the Newington Green Area was host to a large Jewish population, which was beginning to leave the East End and move northwards towards Stoke Newington and Stamford Hill. The original Adath Israel orthodox congregation was founded in 1911 and its first permanent building was in Alma Road, off Green Lanes, before moving on towards Stoke Newington and the other side of Clissold Park in the 1950s.
A large
19th century
In the early part of the 19th century, there was a change in the character of Newington Green. After a patient struggle of 150 years, the
The "small but energetic community" continued to campaign on the larger political stage.
Some individuals who lived at the Green during this period included
20th century
Then came 1914, and the horrors of
In 1979 the Newington Green Action Group (NGAG) was formed with the aim of regenerating the area. NGAG worked with Islington Council on this project and traffic calming measures were installed to ease the notorious local congestion, with additional pedestrian crossings providing easier and safer access to the Green on foot. The Green was regenerated to include more lawn space, a play area and a café. New planting has enhanced the Green and was chosen to encourage biodiversity.[citation needed]
21st century
Newington Green has grown in popularity with the local community, evinced by the children that now play in the formerly deserted park, which is once more being used like a village green. Community groups hold fairs on the Green and NGAG has organised many events including the annual Jazz on the Green and Open Garden Squares day. These improvements are such that, in 2006, Newington Green won the first of many Green Flag Awards (the national standard for parks and green spaces in England and Wales, sponsored by Keep Britain Tidy). It has also won the Green Heritage Site Award for several years running, which is sponsored by English Heritage.[40] In 2010 NGAG teamed up with the Mayville Gardening Club and the King Henry's Walk Community Garden; the Newington Green area was awarded a High Silver Gilt Royal Horticultural Society Urban Communities Award, as part of the London in Bloom Scheme.
The Newington Green Action Group also published a local history book The Village That Changed the World: A History of Newington Green London N16 by Alex Allardyce in 2008, which won the Walter Bor Award the following year.
Newington Green and Newington Green Road to the south constitute the commercial and cultural centre of the district. This area shares in the
Since the millennium, two new ministers at the Unitarian Church have injected energy into the Green and added to its events and publicity. Cathal (Cal) Courtney, characterised as a "radical spirit" who had made a "remarkable spiritual journey",
The current minister is Andrew (Andy) Pakula,
NGUC celebrated its tercentenary in 2008 under the slogan "300 years of dissent", marking this with events such as planting a
Weekly poetry readings are held at NGUC. It participates in the annual festival of architecture, Open House London. It hosts occasional concerts, such as that given by the London Gallery Quire,[56] and the Psallite Women's Choir.[57]
Listed buildings
This outlying area of Islington carries a surprising wealth of historic architecture and Newington Green has become a conservation area. On the west side of the Green (numbers 52–55) is London's oldest surviving brick
In 1994 conservation architects Roger Mears Architects were appointed to repair and/or reinstate the hugely significant plasterwork, panelling, doors, windows and other joinery and to return the houses to use as single family dwellings. New brick ground floor frontages replaced the shopfronts, to a design appropriate to the elevations above, and the first floor brick cornice was reinstated.[59] Residential London, particularly outside Westminster and the City, is essentially an 18th- or 19th-century city. Even in the centre, there are few brick houses this old, pre-dating the Great Fire of 1666. One of the properties has been extensively renovated under the guidance of Bere Architects (Islington).
The Green also has two Grade II listed buildings. To the north is the Unitarian Church, which celebrated its tercentenary in 2008. The original 1708 building was financed with £300 from goldsmith Edward Harrison.[60] It was a "substantial brick building, of nearly square form, with the high, tiled, projecting roof, common at its era".[61] "Historic views show that the original façade had a small pediment against a large hipped roof, with a central oval window below."[62] This building was substantially extended and improved in the mid-19th century. An internal gallery was built to increase the seating available, and a few years later the roof and apse were renewed, and a "stuccoed frontage" was built, "mirroring the original façade with a three-bay front with two round-headed windows, but with added Tuscan pilasters and a large pediment".[63] In the mid-20th century, the building was damaged by enemy action. In 1953 its architectural importance was recognised as a Grade II listed building.[64]
Institutions
Angel Chiropody is a post-60's example of Brutalist Architecture
To the west is its neighbour, the former headquarters of the
References
- ^ "Neutone | Domesday Book". opendomesday.org. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ "Islington: Growth, Highbury | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ a b c "Stoke Newington: Growth, Newington Green | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ "Anne Boleyn | Biography, Children, Portrait, Death, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ "Appendix: Nos. 1-7 Upper Clapton Road | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 17 April 2023.
- ^ History of Canonbury Tower Archived 19 December 2011 at the Wayback Machine, hosted by Canonbury Masonic Research Centre
- ^ Samuel Pepys: The Unequalled Self by Claire Tomalin
- ^ "Hospitals". Derelict London.
- ^ Stokes, Tim; Edwards, Tom (15 February 2024). "London Overground: New names for its six lines revealed". BBC News. BBC. Retrieved 15 February 2024.
- ^ Thorncroft p5
- ^ Allardyce, pp22–23
- ISBN 9780140167610.
- ^ a b Gordon, Lyndall (2005). Vindication: A Life of Mary Wollstonecraft. Virago Press. pp. 562. Page 42.
- ^ Allardyce, p18.
- ^ Thorncroft, Michael (1958). Trust in Freedom: The Story of Newington Green Unitarian Church 1708–1958. London: Private publication for the trustees of the church. p. 35. p15.
- ^ Gordon, p42.
- ^ Allardyce, p23.
- ^ Gordon, p40.
- ISBN 9780684810935.
- ISBN 9780140167610. p51.
- ^ Gordon, p51 passim.
- ^ Tomalin, p61.
- ^ Brown, Mark (10 November 2020). "Mary Wollstonecraft finally honoured with statue after 200 years". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
- ^ The Story of the New River (Thames Water) Archived 11 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine accessed 12 Dec 2007
- ^ Thorncroft, p19
- ^ Allardyce, p39.
- ^ Jacob Koussevitzky 1903–1959 By Rabbi Geoffrey Shisler http://www.chazzanut.com/articles/j_kussevitsky.html
- ^ "JCR-UK: Former Dalston (United) Synagogue, Poer's Road, Canonbury, London N5, England".
- ^ Thorncroft, p20.
- ^ Allardyce, p33.
- ^ Thorncroft, pp2–23.
- ^ cf William Bedwell (1561–1632), Vicar of Tottenham nearby, and W.A. Diggens, Vicar of St Keverne, Cornwall 1896–1913 Index
- ^ Thorncroft, p25.
- ^ Thorncroft, pp23–24.
- ^ Thorncroft, p28, and throughout ch7 The Lights Go Out.
- ^ Mill, John Stuart (1952). Autobiography. London: Oxford University Press. p. 343. pp. 5 & 6.
- ^ Thorncroft, p31.
- ^ Thorncroft, pp32–33.
- ^ English Heritage page explaining awards
- ^ N16 magazine, issue 18 (Summer 2003) Photo and brief biography. "Dissent in Newington Green" by Rab MacWilliam Archived 4 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ a b N16 magazine, issue 18 (Summer 2003) "Dissent in Newington Green" by Rab MacWilliam Archived 4 December 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Christian charity?" by Cal Courtney. Spring 2005. N16 magazine. Archived 29 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Amazon page on the book
- ^ Lecture List entry
- ^ "Right, so just what do you do all day?" by Aida Edemariam, 19 May 2009 The Guardian
- ^ "Church minister: homophobia is the real sin" by Katrina Bishop. 18 March 2009 Islington Now[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Radicalism and Richard Price" by Rhasan Brunner, in Newington Green Now and Then: N16 magazine, December 2008[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Gay rights church bans weddings", 8 April 2008 BBC News
- ^ 25 Feb 2009 Newington Green Action Group Archived 24 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ New Unity tercentenary page
- ^ "Strength in Unity?" by Judith Evans. 19 March 2009 The Guardian
- ^ "Festival for ‘first feminist’" by Peter Gruner, 17 April 2009, Islington Tribune
- ^ "Birthplace of Feminism" by Guy Bentham, in N16, issue 41, spring 2009
- ^ New Unity Wollstonecraft page
- ^ 20 Sept 2008 Newington Green Action Group Archived 24 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ 4 Oct 2008 Newington Green Action Group Archived 24 February 2012 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Sash Windows". Roger Mears Architects. 25 October 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ "Newington Green". Roger Mears Architects. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 27 January 2016.
- ^ Thorncroft, p8
- ^ History and Topography of the Parish of St Mary, Islington by Samuel Lewis, 1842, cited in Allardyce, p9.
- Hackney Council Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Allardyce, p35.
- ^ "UNITARIAN CHAPEL", Images of England photo and description
- ^ Allardyce, p36.
Further reading
- The Village that Changed the World: A History of Newington Green London N16 by Alex Allardyce.
- Vindication: A Life of Mary Wollstonecraft by Lyndall Gordon. Little, Brown: 2005.
- Her Own Woman: The Life of Mary Wollstonecraft by Diane Jacobs. Simon & Schuster: 2001.
- Mary Wollstonecraft and the Feminist Imagination by Barbara Taylor. CUP: 2003.
- Trust in Freedom: The Story of Newington Green Unitarian Church 1708–1958 by Michael Thorncroft. Privately printed for church trustees, 1958.
- Chapter titles: The Fertile Soil; The Church is Built; The Early Years (1714–1758); The Age of Richard Price; New Causes for Old; The Ideal of Service; The Lights Go Out; The Present Day.
- The Life and Death of Mary Wollstonecraft by Claire Tomalin. Weidenfeld & Nicolson: 1974.
- "Gentrification: how was it for you?" Mandy Richards, The Guardian, 20 April 2005.