Portal:Punjab

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The Punjab Portal

Introduction


Punjab map (topographic) with cities
Punjab map (topographic) with cities

Punjab (/pʌnˈɑːb, -ˈæb, ˈpʊn-/; Punjabi: [pə̞ɲˈdʒäːb] ; also romanised as Panjāb or Panj-Āb), also known as the Land of the Five Rivers, is a geopolitical, cultural, and historical region in South Asia. It is specifically located in the northwestern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of modern-day eastern-Pakistan and northwestern-India. Punjab's major cities are Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Gujranwala, Multan, Ludhiana, Amritsar, Sialkot, Chandigarh, Shimla, Jalandhar, Patiala, Gurugram, and Bahawalpur.

Punjab grew out of the settlements along the five rivers, which served as an important route to the

migrations of the Indo-Aryan peoples. Agriculture has been the major economic feature of the Punjab and has therefore formed the foundation of Punjabi culture. The Punjab emerged as an important agricultural region, especially following the Green Revolution
during the mid-1960s to the mid-1970s, and has been described as the "breadbasket of both India and Pakistan."

Punjab's history is a tapestry of conflict, marked by the rise of indigenous dynasties and empires. Following

Katoch Dynasty controlled eastern Punjab, resisting Ghaznavid invasions. Islam took hold in Western Punjab under Ghaznavid rule. The Delhi Sultanate then succeeded the Ghaznavids in which the Tughlaq dynasty and Sayyid dynasty Sultans are described as Punjabi origin. The 15th century saw the emergence of the Langah Sultanate in south Punjab, acclaimed for its victory over the Lodi dynasty. After the Mughal Empire's decline in the 18th century, Punjab experienced a period of anarchy. In 1799 CE, the Sikh Empire established its rule, undertaking conquests into Kashmir and Durrani Empire
held territories, shaping the diverse and complex history of Punjab.

The boundaries of the region are ill-defined and focus on historical accounts and thus the geographical definition of the term "Punjab" has changed over time. In the 16th century

Multan Subah in the south. In British India, until the Partition of India in 1947, the Punjab Province encompassed the present-day Indian states and union territories of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Chandigarh, and Delhi, and the Pakistani regions of Punjab, and Islamabad Capital Territory
.

The predominant ethnolinguistic group of the Punjab region are the

East Punjab (India). Other religious groups include Hinduism, Christianity, Jainism, Zoroastrianism, Buddhism, and Ravidassia. (Full article...
)

General images

  • Image 1Ranjit Singh holding court in 1838 (from Sikh Empire)
    Ranjit Singh holding court in 1838 (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 2Detail from ‘Darbar (royal court) of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’, gouache, ca.1850 (from Sikh Empire)
    Detail from ‘Darbar (royal court) of Maharaja Ranjit Singh’, gouache, ca.1850 (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 3Jats in Delhi (1868) (from Punjab)
    Jats in Delhi (1868) (from Punjab)
  • Image 4Illustration of Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (from Punjab)
    Illustration of Ranjit Singh, founder of the Sikh Empire (from Punjab)
  • Image 5Left to right: Gurkha, Brahmin and Shudra (Chuhra-Chamar) in Shimla (1868) (from Punjab)
    Left to right: Gurkha, Brahmin and Shudra (Chuhra-Chamar) in Shimla (1868) (from Punjab)
  • Image 6Silver copper coin of Khizr Khan, founder of the Sayyid dynasty (from Punjab)
    Silver copper coin of Khizr Khan, founder of the Sayyid dynasty (from Punjab)
  • Image 7Arains in Lahore (1868) (from Punjab)
    Arains in Lahore (1868) (from Punjab)
  • Image 8The snow-covered Himalayas (from Punjab)
    The snow-covered Himalayas (from Punjab)
  • Image 9Arora in Lahore (c. 1862–1872) (from Punjab)
    Arora in Lahore (c. 1862–1872) (from Punjab)
  • Image 10Two late 19th century drawings of Sikh troops in action against British forces during the Anglo-Sikh Wars (from Sikh Empire)
    Two late 19th century drawings of Sikh troops in action against British forces during the Anglo-Sikh Wars (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 11Gujjars in Delhi (c. 1859–1869) (from Punjab)
    Gujjars in Delhi (c. 1859–1869) (from Punjab)
  • Image 12One of the first known kings of ancient Punjab, King Porus, fought against Alexander the Great. His surrender is depicted in this 1865 engraving by Alonzo Chappel. (from Punjab)
    One of the first known kings of ancient Punjab,
    King Porus, fought against Alexander the Great. His surrender is depicted in this 1865 engraving by Alonzo Chappel. (from Punjab
    )
  • Image 13Brahmin in Lahore (c. 1799–1849) (from Punjab)
    Brahmin in Lahore (c. 1799–1849) (from Punjab)
  • Image 14Rig Veda, the oldest known Hindu text, originated in the Punjab region. (from Punjab)
    Rig Veda, the oldest known Hindu text, originated in the Punjab region. (from Punjab
    )
  • Image 15Map of the Punjab Province (British India) (from Punjab)
    Map of the Punjab Province (British India) (from Punjab)
  • Image 16Ranjit Singh, c. 1830. (from Sikh Empire)
    Ranjit Singh, c. 1830. (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 17Taxila in Pakistan is a World Heritage Site. (from Punjab)
    Taxila in Pakistan is a World Heritage Site. (from Punjab)
  • Image 18The expanding Sikh Empire in 1809. The Cis-Sutlej states are visible south of the Sutlej River (from Sikh Empire)
    The expanding Sikh Empire in 1809. The Cis-Sutlej states are visible south of the Sutlej River (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 19Tarkhans in Lahore (c. 1862–1872) (from Punjab)
    Tarkhans in Lahore (c. 1862–1872) (from Punjab)
  • Image 20Maharaja Ranjit Singh seeking the sanctuary of Guru Nanak, ca.1830 (from Sikh Empire)
    Maharaja Ranjit Singh seeking the sanctuary of Guru Nanak, ca.1830 (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 21Rajputs in Delhi (1868) (from Punjab)
    Rajputs in Delhi (1868) (from Punjab)
  • Image 22 The dominant mother tongue in each District of Pakistan, according to the 2017 Pakistan Census (from Punjab)
    The dominant
    2017 Pakistan Census
    (from Punjab
    )
  • Image 23The Samadhi of Ranjit Singh is located in Lahore, Pakistan, adjacent to the iconic Badshahi Mosque (from Sikh Empire)
    The Samadhi of Ranjit Singh is located in Lahore, Pakistan, adjacent to the iconic Badshahi Mosque (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 24Contemporary painting of the Battle of Sobraon in 1846. (from Sikh Empire)
    Contemporary painting of the Battle of Sobraon in 1846. (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 25A letter sent from the King of France, Louis-Philippe to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Ranjit Singh is addressed as “Rendjit Sing Bahador – Padichah du Pendjab”. 27 October 1835 (from Sikh Empire)
    A letter sent from the King of France, Louis-Philippe to Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Ranjit Singh is addressed as “Rendjit Sing Bahador – Padichah du Pendjab”. 27 October 1835 (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 26The charge of the British 16th Lancers at Aliwal on 28 January 1846, during the First Anglo-Sikh War (from Sikh Empire)
    The charge of the British 16th Lancers at
    First Anglo-Sikh War (from Sikh Empire
    )
  • Image 27Sikh warrior helmet with butted mail neckguard, 1820–1840, iron overlaid with gold with mail neckguard of iron and brass (from Sikh Empire)
    Sikh warrior helmet with butted mail neckguard, 1820–1840, iron overlaid with gold with mail neckguard of iron and brass (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 28 Ranjit Singh listening to Guru Granth Sahib being recited near the Akal Takht and Golden Temple, Amritsar, Punjab, India. (from Sikh Empire)
    Ranjit Singh listening to
    Golden Temple, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
    (from Sikh Empire
    )
  • Image 29Map showing the Punjabi Sikh Empire (from Punjab)
    Map showing the Punjabi Sikh Empire (from Punjab)
  • Image 30The Indian subcontinent in 1805. (from Sikh Empire)
    The Indian subcontinent in 1805. (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 31Nanakshahi coins of the Sikh Empire (from Sikh Empire)
    Nanakshahi coins of the Sikh Empire (from Sikh Empire)
  • Image 32Kumhars in Lahore (c. 1859–1869) (from Punjab)
    Kumhars in Lahore (c. 1859–1869) (from Punjab)

Selected biography - show another

Sajjan in 2023

Harjit Singh Sajjan PC OMM MSM CD MP (/ˈhɑːrt ˈsɪŋ ˈsæən/, HAR-jeet SING SAJ-ən; born September 6, 1970) is a Canadian politician who has served as the minister of emergency preparedness and the president of the Privy Council since July 26, 2023. A member of the Liberal Party, Sajjan represents the British Columbia (BC) riding of Vancouver South in the House of Commons, taking office as member of Parliament (MP) following the 2015 election.

Sajjan served as the minister of national defence from 2015 to 2021 and minister of international development from 2021 to 2023. Before his entry into politics, Sajjan worked as a detective in the Vancouver Police Department and was a lieutenant-colonel in the Canadian Army. He is Canada's first Sikh minister of national defence, and was also the first Sikh Canadian to command a Canadian Army reserve regiment. (Full article...)

Selected picture - show another

Map of the Panjab, 1909

Map of the Panjab, 1909
Credit: United Kingdom Government

Some topics

Categories

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Provinces and territories of Punjab Provinces and territories:

1799-1849 definition: Chandigarh - Delhi - Eastern Punjab state - Federally Administered Tribal Areas - Galgit - Haryana - Himachal Pradesh - Islamabad Capital Territory - Jammu - Kashmir - Khyber Pass - Khyber Pakhtunkhwa - Ladakh - Western Punjab province

1947 definition: Chandigarh - Delhi - Eastern Punjab state - Haryana - Himachal Pradesh - Islamabad Capital Territory - Western Punjab province

Present definition: Chandigarh - Eastern Punjab state - Western Punjab province

Major cities: Amritsar - Bathinda - Chandigarh - Faisalabad - Lahore - Ludhiana - Multan - Patiala - Sialkot

Related portals

Notice board

WikiProject Punjab

WikiProject Punjab was formed to foster better articles on the region of Punjab with a spirit of cooperation. The project is a home base that provides a place for Wikipedians (editors) to discuss issues, while share information and resources regarding improvements to Punjabi related articles, which can be discussed at the project's talk page. To join WikiProject Punjab (anyone may join), simply list your username on the members page. Editors are also encouraged to participate in the more regional and/or topic specific WikiProject 's as listed below.

Associated Wikimedia

The following Wikimedia Foundation sister projects provide more on this subject:

Wikipedia in Punjabi

There is a Shahmukhi پنجابی version of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

There is a Gurmukhi ਪੰਜਾਬੀ version of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

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