Antique (province)

Antique
Province
Province of Antique
(from top: left to right) Anini-y Church .
Founded		March 10, 1917 [2]
Capital and largest municipality	San Jose de Buenavista
Government
• Type	Sangguniang Panlalawigan
• Governor	Rhodora J. Cadiao (NUP)
• Vice Governor	Edgar D. Denosta (NUP)
• Legislature	Antique Provincial Board
Area [3]
• Total	2,729.17 km2 (1,053.74 sq mi)
• Rank	49th out of 81
Highest elevation (Mount Madja-as)	2,117 m (6,946 ft)
Population  (2020 census)[4]
• Total	612,974
• Rank	52nd out of 81
• Density	220/km2 (580/sq mi)
• Rank	44th out of 81
Demonym	Antiqueño
Divisions
• Independent cities	0
• Component cities	0
• Municipalities	18 Anini-y Barbaza Belison Bugasong Caluya Culasi Hamtic Laua-an Libertad Pandan Patnongon San Jose de Buenavista San Remigio Sebaste Sibalom Tibiao Tobias Fornier Valderrama
•  Kinaray-a Caluyanon Hiligaynon Cuyonon Ati Tagalog English
Website	antique.gov.ph

Antique, officially the Province of Antique (

Upon arrival, the Malay datus met the Ati chieftain Datu Marikudo and his wife Maniwantiwan. They offered the chieftain a salakot (wide-brimmed hat)^[9] (out of exaggeration, the present day locals believed to be of pure gold) which includes a golden necklace, earrings, bracelets and trinkets they wore when they fled Borneo among other gifts of pearls and fine clothes as a display of respect and to buy the land for them to live. Datu Marikudo responded to the datus' generosity by giving the Malayans the lowlands and moving to the mountains with his Ati tribe as the mountains are sacred to them. The legacy of this landing is commemorated annually in Antique during the Binirayan festival.^[10]

The island of Panay was then divided into three sakups: Hantik, Akean and Irong-Irong. Irong-Irong became

In 1790, Antique was converted into a politico-military province with the town of Antique (now Hamtic) as its first capital. The provincial seat of government was later transferred to Bugasón (old name of Bugasong), and finally to San Jose de Buenavista. ^[12] By the end of the 1700s, Antique had 9,228 families.^{[13]: 539 [14]: 31, 54, 113}

Japanese occupation era

In 1942, the

Between 1944 and 1945, Philippine Commonwealth forces of the 6th Constabulary Regiment of the Philippine Constabulary and the 6th and 62nd Infantry Division of the Philippine Commonwealth Army defeated the Japanese troops and liberated the province.^[further explanation needed] The liberation was achieved with the active support of recognized local guerrillas.

Philippine independence

During the Marcos dictatorship

One of the significant events of the Philippines's Martial Law era was the Bacong Bridge Massacre, which took place in the town of Culasi, Antique on December 19, 1981.^[15] Sometimes also known as the Culasi incident, it involved the Philippine Constabulary killing 5 protester-farmers at the Bacong River bridge in Culasi's Barangay Malacañang. The victims were identified as Leopoldo A. Anos, Aquilino M. Castillo, Fortunato M. Dalisay, Remegildo P. Dalisay, and Joel B. Plaquino, and were later honored at the Philippines' Bantayog ng mga Bayani, which recognizes the heroes and martyrs who fought the authoritarian regime.^[16]

Contemporary

In 2014, the first ever Philippine rice terraces found outside the Cordilleras was discovered in Antique through satellite and a team of scientists and locals. The heritage site, known as the Antique Rice Terraces of the Panay-Bukidnon people, is believed to be at least 200 years old. In 2017, the province hosted the Palarong Pambansa for the very first time.

Geography

Antique is one of the six provinces comprising Western Visayas or Region VI, and one of the four provinces on the island of Panay.

The province, with a total land area of 2,729.17 square kilometres (1,053.74 sq mi),

Antique has nine major rivers, the longest is Sibalom River 73 km, followed by Paliwan River 58.2 km, Cangaranan River 57.4 km, Dalanas River 34.6 km, Cairawan River 31.5 km, Ypayo River (Patnongon) 29.2 km, Tibiao River 26.4 km, Malandog River 17.8 km and Bacong River 16.2 km.

List of peaks in Antique by elevation.

• Mount Madja-as 6,946 ft (2,117 m)
• Mount Nangtud 6,804 ft (2,074 m)
• Mount Baloy 6,430 ft (1,960 m)
• Mount Balabag 5,630 ft (1,720 m)
• Mount Agbalanti 5,180 ft (1,580 m)
• Mount Kigas 4,967 ft (1,514 m)
• Mount Igbanig 4,810 ft (1,470 m)
• Mount Sipanag 4,754 ft (1,449 m)
• Mount Igdalig 4,518 ft (1,377 m)
• Mount Tiguran 4,518 ft (1,377 m)
• Mount Tigatay 4,429 ft (1,350 m)
• Mount Dumara 4,222 ft (1,287 m)
• Mount Sansanan 4,209 ft (1,283 m)
• Mount Anoy 3,507 ft (1,069 m)
• Mount Balabag, Seb. 3,360 ft (1,020 m)
• Mount Acotay 3,241 ft (988 m)
• Mount Tinayunga 3,002 ft (915 m)
• Mount Tuno 2,841 ft (866 m)
• Mount Tigancal 2,825 ft (861 m)
• Mount Tigbararing 2,582 ft (787 m)
• Mount Tigdagano 2,513 ft (766 m)
• Mount Manlagbo 2,421 ft (738 m)
• Mount Aningalan 2,470 ft (750 m)

River systems

List of rivers in Antique by length.

• 1.Sibalom River 73 km
  • Tipulu-an River 33.1 km
    • Mao-it River 15.8 km
  • Maninila River 31.1 km
  • Cansilayan River 12.5 km
• 2.Paliwan River 58.2 km
  • Paningayan River 18.7 km
  • Bucayan River 14.1 km
  • Nawili River 12.6 km
• 3.Cangaranan River 57.4 km
  • Cadi-an River 25 km
    • Baloy River 15.4 km
• 4.Dalanas River, Barbaza 34.6 km
  • Mali-ao River 26.3 km
  • Kigas River 16.2 km
  • Mamara River 11.3 km
  • Bajay River 10 km
  • Memero River 6.2 km
  • Nalusdan River 5.8 km
• 5.Cairawan River, Laua-an 31.5 km
  • Cabay-ang River 19.5 km
• 6.Ypayo River, Patnongon 29.2 km
• 7.Tibiao River, Tibiao 26.4 km
• 8.Malandog River, Hamtic 17.8 km
• 9.Bacong River, Culasi 16.2 km
• 10.Hamtic River, Hamtic 15.2 km
• 11.Carit-an River, Patnongon 15.1 km
• 12.Casay River, Anini-y 14.3 km
• 13.Asluman River, Hamtic 13.8 km
• 14.Ipil River, Belison 13.4 km
• 15.Iba River, Anini-y 13.1 km
• 16.Bulanao River, Libertad 12.3 km
• 17.Bacalan River, Sebaste 11.5 km
• 18.Inyawan River, Libertad 11.4 km
• 19.Sabang River, Bugasong 11.4 km
• 20.Panganta River, Culasi 10.6 km
• 21.Paningayan River, Culasi 10.4 km
• 22.Binangbang River, Barbaza 10.4 km
• 23.Bugang River, Pandan 10.3 km
• 24.Patnongon River, Patnongon 10.2 km
• 25.San Roque River, Libertad 10.1 km
• 26.Carit-an River, Sebaste 8.7 km
• 27.Dao River, Tobias Fornier 8.6 km
• 28.Ypayo River, Sebaste 8.2 km
• 29.Linaban River, Hamtic 8.2 km
• 30.Panukayan River, Pandan 8.2 km
• 31.Nauring River, Pandan 7.8 km
• 32.Cala-cala River, Sebaste 7.7 km
• 33.Bongol River, Culasi 7.6 km
• 34.Duyong River, Pandan 7.6 km
• 35.Aureliana River, Patnongon 7.5 km
• 36.Idio River, Sebaste 7.5 km
• 37.Burabod River, Pandan 7.3 km
• 38.Union River, Libertad 7.2 km
• 39.Carit-an River, Culasi 7.1 km
• 40.Patria River, Pandan 6.1 km
• 41.Guija River, Bugasong 5.9 km
• 42.Aguila River, Sebaste 5.5 km
• 43.Bitadnon River, Culasi 5.4 km
• 44.Aras-asan River, Hamtic 5.4 km
• 45.Igbarawan River, Patnongon 5.2 km
• 46.Nalupa River, Barbaza 5.1 km
• 47.San Andres River, Pandan 5.1 km
• 48.Paz River, Libertad 4.9 km
• 49.Barusbus River, Libertad 4.9 km
• 50.Laua-an River, Laua-an 4.6 km
• 51.Mapatag River, Hamtic 4.6 km
• 52.Nauhon River, Sebaste 4.2 km
• 53.Mauno River, Laua-an 3.8 km
• 54.Banban River, Laua-an 2.4 km
• 55.Yapo River, Barbaza 2.3 km
• 56.Intao Creek, Laua-an 2.1 km
• 57.Bahuyan Creek, Barbaza 1.3 km

Waterfalls

List of waterfalls in Antique.

• Tigmalmos Falls in Tibiao
• Kamalasag Falls in Sebaste
• Igpasungaw Falls in Sebaste
• Bugtong Bato Falls in Tibiao
• Inyawan Falls in Libertad
• Sigbungon Falls in Barbaza
• Macalbag Falls in Barbaza
• Bulwang Falls in Sebaste
• Capnayan Falls in Laua-an
• Kataw Falls in Culasi
• Cadiao Falls in Barbaza
• Sayay Falls in Barbaza
• Libog Falls in Culasi
• Halat Falls in Bugasong

Climate

The rainy season in Antique is from June to November, and the summer season is from December to May.

Administrative divisions

Antique is subdivided into 18

Demographics

The population of Antique in the 2020 census was 612,974 people,^[4] with a density of 220 inhabitants per square kilometre or 570 inhabitants per square mile. San Jose is the most populous town in the province.

Antiqueños are seafaring people that share many characteristics with their Panay neighbors. However, the steep slopes and the rugged, long mountain ranges of Antique have isolated it from the rest of Panay. Hence, they have developed their own distinct language called

Poverty Incidence of Antique

Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org.

Source: Philippine Statistics Authority^{[22][23]
[24][25][26][27][28]}

Agriculture

For the year 1998, production of palay, the primary crop of the province, registered a total of 177,521 metric tons (mt.) or 4,438,025 cavans from 58,847 hectares with an average yield of 3.02 metric tons per hectare. An increase of 8,280 mt. or 16.37 percent over last years (1997) production was observed because the area harvested has increased by 9,822 hectares or 5.86 percent. However, the average yield per hectare decreased by 0.3 mt. per hectare or 0.09 percent. The average yield per hectare for irrigated lands is 3.39 mt., 2.63 mt. for rain-fed farms, and 1.57 for upland areas. The province regularly harvests enough to feed its population. This year,^[when?] there is a surplus of 83,756 mt. or 2,093,900 cavans of palay.

Copra, the second major agricultural commodity, registered a total production of 15,712 mt. in 1998 reflecting a decrease of 965 mt. (5.78%) as against last years (1997) yield of 16,677 mt. The main bulk of copra came from the municipality of Caluya where this area accounts for 44 percent of the total copra output of the province. The area planted with coconuts constitutes about 34 percent of the total area of the province. Caluya, together with Pandan, account for more than half (53%) of the total provincial figure in terms of area planted, number of bearing trees.

Fishery

Fishing is the major source of livelihood for households in the 15 coastal municipalities.^[29] The rich fishing grounds of the Cuyo East Pass, Sulu Sea, and the municipal waters along the approximately 296.8-kilometre (184.4 mi) coastline, make fishing a promising venture. The fishing season is year round and peaks during December to June. A total of 17,437 households are directly dependent on fishing, and 39,055 households are indirectly dependent on it.

Livestock and poultry

Livestock and poultry raising in the province is through backyard or commercial system of production. Data from Bureau of Agricultural Statistics (BAS) revealed that from 1,441,660 head of livestock and poultry in 1997, the number rose to 1,547,944 in 1998, an additional 106,284 heads, indicating a 7.37% growth. The main reason behind this growth is the increase in poultry production of almost 7.88 percent.

Forestry

Forest products include bamboo, buri, bariw, nito, log, charcoal, abaca, herbal vines and plants, wild flowers and others. These forest resources are of undetermined quantity, and are used as raw materials in the construction industry, furniture and handicraft.

One of the most notable flower to be thriving the Antiqueño mountains would be the rafflesia, one of the biggest flowers in the world. Rafflesia is Antique's provincial flower.

A large percentage of forestland is classified as protected (59.29 percent or 70,338.52 hectares). A little more than 50 percent of the total forestland is vegetated. The municipalities of Culasi, San Remigio and Valderrama registered the highest vegetative cover with an area of 13,005 hectares (32,140 acres), 8,637.50 hectares (21,343.7 acres) and 6,35 hectares^{[clarification needed]} respectively. The remaining 40.71 percent or 48,296.48 hectares (119,343.2 acres) are classified as production forests.

Trade, commerce, and industry

Major products shipped out of the province are palay, rice, copra, muscovado sugar,

The main goods entering the province are construction materials, dry goods, groceries, canned and bottled products, fertilizers and others.

The capital town of San Jose de Buenavista is the center of business in the province while Culasi is the center of the North.

Economically potential towns are San Jose, Sibalom, Caluya, Culasi, Pandan, Hamtic, Tibiao, Bugasong and Patnongon.

With the revival of Antique Airport (also called Evelio Javier Airport), commercial flights have resumed and may contribute to the development of commerce and tourism industry especially in the capital town, San Jose.

Banks and other financial institutions

As of 1998, Antique has a total of eleven rural banks, six private commercial banks: BDO, Metrobank, EastWest, Chinabank, BPI, PSBank and three government banks:the Philippine National Bank, Development Bank of the Philippines and Land Bank of the Philippines have branches at San Jose de Buenavista and Culasi, Antique. There are also 51 multi-purpose cooperatives and four credit cooperatives.

Establishments

An establishment is an economic unit which engages under a single ownership or control. The Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) classifies establishments as manufacturing, trade and service. For 1998, fourteen manufacturing establishments were reported. Such manufacturing establishments are making hollow blocks, wood furniture, steel/wood, packed foods, metal craft, threshers, soap and sidecars. Service establishments totaled 117 and a total of 294 trade establishments.

Mineral resources

Antique has deposits of metallic and non-metallic mineral resources.^[29] The metallic mineral resources include copper, gold, chromite, pyrite, iron, manganese and ferro alloy and limestone. Copper deposits in Barbaza and San Remigio are estimated to have a volume of 36,255 metric tons and 59,445 metric tons respectively. Pyrite deposits in Valderrama and Sibalom are estimated at 120,000 metric tons while limestone deposits in Culasi are estimated at 30 billion metric tons.

The Mines and Geo-Sciences Bureau (MGB) confirms the presence of gold in Mt. Dumara, Laua-an extending as far as Lumboyan, Barbaza. An analysis conducted in ore deposits indicated that 39.75 grams of gold can be found in a metric ton of ore. Non-metallic deposits include sulfides, clay, sulfur, oil and gemstones. Marble deposits are estimated at 1.8 billion metric tons in Libertad, and 2.3 billion metric tons in Pandan. Coal reserves in Caluya are estimated to be 1.6 million metric tons.

An indication of oil deposits was recently discovered at Maniguin Island in Culasi.

Tourism

The whole stretch of coastal areas in Antique is suited for scuba diving. Starting from the southern town of Antique tourists can drop by Sira-an Hot Spring, claimed to be a medical spring. The next destination is the capital town San Jose de Buenavista passing by Malandog Marker, site of the first Malayan Settlement and the newly constructed Marina Bay. Tourism amenities like restaurants, two shopping malls, pasalubong centers, accommodations and beach resorts are present. Rafflesia, the largest flower in the world, can be found in Sibalom Natural Park.^[30] In the municipalities of Patnongon and Laua-an, tourists interested in traditional methods can visit muscovado mills and watch how muscovado sugar is processed. Products made with muscovado are also available; Laua-an is noted for its long butong-butong (a candy made with muscovado sugar). Tibiao has the kawa bath, Bugtong Bato Falls and the Fish SPA. From Culasi, Mount Madja-as can be seen, the "Mount Olympus" of Antique. Sebaste has the Igpasungaw Falls, the Sebaste Inland Resort and the most visited Saint Blaise Church, where devotees of St. Blaise make a pilgrimage every year during the annual fiesta, Pandan has Malumpati Health Spring and Bugang River—declared as the cleanest body of water in the whole country by the Gawad Pangulo sa Kapaligiran—where rafting and river boating can be experienced. This is the most developed tourism area with a tour package. Libertad is known for its bariw mat and bag weaving. San Remigio is recently tagged as summer capital of the province with cool weather to enjoy and a strawberry farm.^{[citation needed]}

Binirayan festival

Started in San Jose in 1974 by governor

Notable people

• Loren Legarda - senator, journalist, and UN Global Champion for Resilience
• Philippine National Artist
  for Visual Arts - Painting
• Evelio Javier - Filipino lawyer, civil servant, politician, and an opposition leader during the regime of President Ferdinand Marcos. His assassination on February 11, 1986, allegedly by allies of Marcos, was one of the sparks of the People Power Revolution later that month.
• Isko Moreno - mayor of Manila, whose father is from San Joaquin, Iloilo but grew up in Hamtic, Antique and San Jose de Buenavista.
• John Iremil Teodoro - Filipino writer, university professor and freelance journalist. He is also a multi-awarded poet and playwright, one of the country's leading pioneers in gay literature and the most published author in Kinaray-a to date.
• Alex C. Delos Santos - a Karay-a writer and theater artist based in San Jose, Antique, the Philippines. He completed his Master of Education with an academic excellence award from the University of the Philippines in the Visayas. His research and writing interests are in culture and arts and gay literature.
• Richard Yee - Filipino professional basketball player who last played for the Barako Bull Energy Boosters in the Philippine Basketball Association.
• USAFFE
  and subsequently appointed as Governor of the Province again from 1946 to 1947 and then elected and served the same post from 1948 – 1951.
• Bali, Indonesia
  . She is the daughter of Victoria Talde who hails from Pandan, Antique.
• Lauren Anne Young
  - Filipino-American actress and model. She is the younger sister of actress and Miss World 2013 Megan Young.
• Genevieve L. Asenjo - Filipino poet, novelist, translator and literary scholar in Kinaray-a, Hiligaynon and Filipino. Asenjo is an associate professor at De La Salle University in Manila. In 2010, she founded Balay Sugidanun (The House of Storytelling).^[32]
• Lisa Macuja-Elizalde - Ballerina
• Calixto Zaldivar – former representative, Lone District of Antique (1934–1935), former Governor of Antique (1951–1955) and former Associate Justice of the Supreme Court (1964–1974). Former president of the National Lay Organization of the Iglesia Filipina. Honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani as among the heroes and martyrs who fought the authoritarian dictatorship of Ferdinand Marcos.^[33]
• Nelia Sancho (1951-2022) - Filipina Beauty Queen and Fashion Model born in Botbot, Pandan, Antique was Binibining Pilipinas 1969 1st-Runner Up to Gloria Diaz, and Queen of the Pacific 1971 winner.^[34]
• Jansen Magpusao - actor from Pandan, Antique who portrayed the lead role in 2019 Cinemalaya film John Denver Trending by Arden Rod Condez
• Alfredo Siojo Lim, former Senator and Former Mayor of City of Manila. He is the Son of Quintin Lim Sr.

Notes

References

• PPDO. Provincial Development & Physical Framework Plan. San Jose, Antique. 2008
• Vanzi, Sol Jose. "The Many Facets of Antique Archived 2006-01-08 at the Wayback Machine." Philippine Headline News Online.
• Website of the Provincial Government of Antique (old) "The Provincial Government of Antique". Archived from the original on 2009-10-19.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antique (province).

• Official website
• Antique travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Geographic data related to Antique (province) at OpenStreetMap