Tourism in the Philippines
This article may be too long to read and navigate comfortably. (August 2023) |
Tourism is an important sector for the
As of 2022, 5.23 million Filipinos were employed in the tourism industry and as of September 2023, the Philippines generated ₱316.9 billion ($5.5 billion) in revenue from tourists, coming mostly from South Korea, the United States and Japan.[6] The country attracted a total of 5,360,682 foreign visitors in 2015 through its tourism campaign of It's More Fun in the Philippines![7] In 2019, foreign arrivals peaked at 8,260,913.[8]
The country is also home to one of the
Overview
In 2011, the administration of President
The 2017 Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report of the World Economic Forum ranked the Philippines 79th out of 136 countries overall. The country's best-rated features were price competitiveness (22nd) and natural resources (37th).[11]
The tourism industry employed 3.8 million
The official heritage properties of the Philippines are listed under the National Government's
History
Tourism in the Philippines traces its origins during the ancient times when the first set of people chose to migrate through land bridges, followed by the other sets of migrations from the
The tourism industry flourished during the late 19th to early 20th century due to the influx of immigrants from
The tourism industry flourished again at the early part of the 2010s under the "It's More Fun in the Philippines" slogan of the administration of President
8,260,913 international visitors arrived from January to December 2019, up by 15.24% for the same period in 2018.[23] 58.62% (4,842,774) of these came from East Asia, 15.84% (1,308,444) came from North America, and 6.38% (526,832) came from other ASEAN countries.[24]
The tourism industry was severely affected during the
Government initiatives since 2018
Under the National Tourism Development Plan (NDTP), the
In January 2021, the
Statistics
Country visitor statistics
Rank | Country | Mar 2024[33] | 2023[34] | 2022 [35] | 2021 [36] | 2020[37] | 2019[38] | 2018[39] | 2017[40] | 2016[41] | 2015[42] | 2014[43] | 2013[44] | 2012[45] | 2011[46] | 2010[47] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | South Korea | 458,619 | 1,439,336 | 428,014 | 6,456 | 338,877 | 1,989,322 | 1,587,959 | 1,607,821 | 1,475,081 | 1,339,678 | 1,175,472 | 1,165,789 | 1,031,155 | 925,204 | 740,622 |
2 | United States | 264,690 | 903,299 | 505,089 | 39,326 | 211,816 | 1,064,440 | 1,034,396 | 957,813 | 869,463 | 779,217 | 722,750 | 674,564 | 652,626 | 624,527 | 600,165 |
3 | China | 109,568 | 263,836 | 39,627 | 9,674 | 170,432 | 1,743,309 | 1,255,258 | 968,447 | 675,663 | 490,841 | 394,951 | 426,352 | 250,883 | 243,137 | 187,446 |
4 | Japan | 105,347 | 305,580 | 99,557 | 15,024 | 136,664 | 682,788 | 631,801 | 884,180 | 635,238 | 495,662 | 463,744 | 433,705 | 412,474 | 375,496 | 358,744 |
5 | Australia | 70,601 | 266,551 | 137,974 | 2,184 | 55,330 | 286,170 | 279,821 | 259,433 | 251,098 | 241,187 | 224,784 | 213,023 | 191,150 | 170,736 | 147,649 |
6 | Canada | 67,634 | 221,920 | 121,413 | 6,781 | 55,273 | 238,850 | 226,429 | 300,640 | 175,631 | 153,363 | 143,899 | 131,381 | 123,699 | 117,423 | 106,345 |
7 | Taiwan | 57,347 | 194,851 | 23,604 | 1,619 | 48,644 | 327,273 | 240,842 | 236,777 | 229,303 | 177,670 | 142,973 | 139,099 | 216,511 | 181,738 | 142,455 |
8 | United Kingdom | 47,689 | 154,698 | 101,034 | 4,348 | 39,980 | 209,206 | 301,039 | 282,708 | 173,229 | 154,189 | 133,665 | 122,759 | 113,282 | 104,466 | 96,925 |
9 | Singapore* | 36,860 | 149,230 | 53,448 | 653 | 19,998 | 158,595 | 171,795 | 168,637 | 176,057 | 181,176 | 179,099 | 175,034 | 148,215 | 137,802 | 121,083 |
10 | Germany | 29,527 | 74,731 | 39,013 | 2,037 | 25,893 | 103,756 | 92,098 | 85,431 | 86,363 | 75,348 | 72,801 | 70,949 | 67,023 | 61,193 | 58,725 |
11 | Malaysia* | 24,691 | 97,639 | 46,805 | 1,620 | 23,359 | 139,882 | 145,242 | 143,566 | 139,133 | 155,814 | 139,245 | 109,437 | 114,513 | 91,752 | 79,694 |
12 | France | 24,535 | 51,601 | 23,949 | 1,425 | 24,530 | 88,577 | 74,400 | 64,777 | 55,384 | 45,505 | 38,946 | 39,042 | 33,709 | 29,591 | 27,302 |
13 | Hong Kong SAR | 23,946 | 80,512 | 8,589 | 354 | 12,444 | 91,653 | 117,992 | 111,135 | 116,328 | 122,180 | 114,100 | 126,008 | 118,666 | 112,106 | 133,746 |
14 | India | 23,415 | 70,286 | 51,542 | 7,202 | 29,014 | 134,963 | 121,124 | 107,278 | 90,816 | 74,824 | 61,152 | 52,206 | 46,395 | 42,844 | 34,581 |
15 | Vietnam* | 16,039 | 67,661 | 38,605 | 1,785 | 11,406 | 66,698 | 52,334 | 39,951 | 33,895 | 31,579 | 29,800 | 26,599 | 20,817 | 17,781 | 17,311 |
16 | Indonesia* | 15,183 | 53,707 | 24,596 | 1,888 | 13,734 | 70,819 | 76,652 | 62,923 | 44,348 | 48,178 | 46,757 | 45,582 | 36,627 | 34,542 | 31,997 |
17 | Thailand* | 10,659 | 40,952 | 16,300 | 1,464 | 9,788 | 61,292 | 59,793 | 48,727 | 47,913 | 44,038 | 45,943 | 47,874 | 40,987 | 37,862 | 36,713 |
18 | Netherlands | 10,637 | 31,956 | 19,306 | 1,510 | 8,961 | 41,313 | 37,051 | 33,821 | 31,876 | 28,632 | 25,236 | 22,595 | 22,195 | 21,029 | 19,227 |
19 | Spain | 10,633 | 34,063 | 19,194 | 1,220 | 9,621 | 49,748 | 44,133 | 36,954 | 32,097 | 24,144 | 19,353 | 17,126 | 15,895 | 14,648 | 12,759 |
20 | United Arab Emirates | 9,874 | 33,769 | 2,084 | 2,733 | 2,518 | 10,192 | 15,402 | 16,399 | 17,634 | 16,881 | 17,000 | 15,155 | 12,684 | 13,404 | 12,734 |
21 | Italy | 9,230 | 22,496 | 12,933 | 1,212 | 8,976 | 38,951 | 35,182 | 30,437 | 25,945 | 21,620 | 19,865 | 17,668 | 16,740 | 15,798 | 16,350 |
22 | Switzerland | 9,216 | 24,048 | 11,092 | 598 | 7,094 | 29,966 | 31,075 | 29,837 | 29,420 | 27,200 | 25,548 | 24,907 | 23,557 | 22,335 | 21,224 |
23 | Russia | 9,210 | 23,104 | 8,040 | 1,027 | 12,643 | 36,111 | 29,967 | 33,279 | 28,210 | 25,278 | 32,087 | 35,404 | 28,270 | 20,185 | 14,642 |
24 | Guam | 8,972 | 35,501 | 2,875 | 644 | 2,882 | 19,835 | 32,357 | 36,637 | 38,777 | 35,262 | 38,016 | 42,204 | 42,695 | 41,013 | 40,928 |
25 | New Zealand | 6,752 | 29,272 | 17,503 | 345 | 6,883 | 37,872 | 33,341 | 28,983 | 23,431 | 20,579 | 17,704 | 15,783 | 14,100 | 12,782 | 11,323 |
26 | Sweden | 5,887 | 16,789 | 9,389 | 508 | 6,996 | 27,892 | 28,085 | 27,703 | 26,062 | 23,206 | 21,861 | 22,957 | 21,807 | 17,973 | 15,510 |
27 | Norway | 4,857 | 20,000 | 12,004 | 508 | 4,365 | 23,464 | 23,571 | 21,890 | 21,606 | 20,968 | 20,846 | 20,625 | 19,572 | 17,959 | 16,742 |
28 | Saudi Arabia | 4,474 | 19,311 | 10,414 | 2,252 | 7,014 | 43,748 | 46,967 | 54,716 | 56,081 | 50,884 | 43,483 | 38,969 | 30,040 | 27,945 | 22,214 |
29 | Belgium | 4,460 | 14,459 | 8,961 | 648 | 3,756 | 19,156 | 17,285 | 15,703 | 14,477 | 12,825 | 12,236 | 11,454 | 11,649 | 10,959 | 10,512 |
30 | Ireland | 4,145 | 16,379 | 12,009 | 600 | 3,621 | 21,475 | 20,051 | 18,051 | 16,557 | 14,050 | 12,354 | 10,576 | 8,362 | 6,023 | 5,368 |
31 | Myanmar* | 3,720 | 6,395 | 4,255 | 271 | 2,877 | 13,978 | 9,630 | 9,571 | 7,442 | 7,033 | 6,633 | 4,948 | 4,290 | 3,246 | 3,983 |
32 | Israel | 2,894 | 13,334 | 9,711 | 452 | 4,745 | 22,851 | 20,343 | 17,446 | 16,725 | 11,756 | 8,776 | 7,675 | 5,895 | 4,990 | 4,525 |
33 | Brunei* | 1,626 | 6,639 | 1,884 | 37 | 1,037 | 8,126 | 9,533 | 8,679 | 8,211 | 9,015 | 9,677 | 8,297 | 5,992 | 5,247 | 4,072 |
34 | Cambodia* | 829 | 3,999 | 1,454 | 40 | 942 | 5,988 | 4,154 | 4,712 | 3,526 | 3,503 | 3,276 | 3,228 | 2,661 | 2,469 | 2,244 |
35 | Laos* | 208 | 988 | 495 | 15 | 203 | 1,454 | 1,183 | 1,580 | 1,173 | 1,231 | 1,056 | 1,062 | 1,088 | 971 | 1,079 |
All Countries | 1,662,491 | 5,450,557 | 2,653,858 | 163,879 | 1,482,535 | 8,260,913 | 7,168,467 | 6,620,908 | 5,967,005 | 5,360,682 | 4,833,368 | 4,681,307 | 4,272,811 | 3,917,454 | 3,520,471 |
* Country in ASEAN
Annual statistics (foreign arrivals)
Year | Arrivals[48] | Change |
---|---|---|
1996 | 1,049,367 | |
1997 | 1,222,523 | 16.5% |
1998 | 1,149,357 | 5.9% |
1999 | 1,170,514 | 1.8% |
2000 | 1,992,169 | 70.1% |
2001 | 1,796,893[48] | 9.8% |
2002 | 1,932,677[48] | 7.5% |
2003 | 1,907,226[48] | 1.3% |
2004 | 2,291,352[48] | 20.1% |
2005 | 2,623,084[48] | 14.4% |
2006 | 2,843,335[49] | 8.3% |
2007 | 3,091,993[50] | 8.7% |
2008 | 3,139,422[51] | 1.5% |
2009 | 3,017,099[52] | 3.8% |
2010 | 3,520,471[53] | 16.6% |
2011 | 3,917,454[54] | 11.2% |
2012 | 4,272,811[55] | 9.0% |
2013 | 4,681,307[56] | 9.5% |
2014 | 4,833,368[57] | 3.2% |
2015 | 5,360,682[58] | 10.9% |
2016 | 5,967,005[59] | 11.3% |
2017 | 6,620,908[60] | 10.9% |
2018 | 7,168,467[61] | 8.2% |
2019 | 8,260,913[62] | 15.2% |
2020 | 1,482,535[63] | 82.0% |
2021 | 163,879[64] | 88.9% |
2022 | 2,653,858[65] | 1519.4% |
2023 | 5,450,557[66] | 105.3% |
Mar 2024 | 1,662,491[67] |
Regional statistics (2019)
Attractions
The island of Luzon is considered the political and economic center of the Philippines. The economy of Luzon is centered in Metro Manila, the national capital region. Manila was ranked 11th most attractive city for American shoppers out of 25 Asia Pacific cities by a Global Blue survey in 2012.[68] Shopping malls can be found around the metropolis, especially in the business and financial districts of Makati, Ortigas and Bonifacio Global City.[citation needed]
The most popular destinations in the
Mindanao, the southernmost island of the Philippines, is home to the country's highest mountain, Mount Apo. The mountain has become a popular hiking destination for mountain climbers.[75] On average, it takes two days to reach the summit. The mountain has a wide range of flora and fauna, including over 272 bird species, 111 of which are endemic to the area, including the national bird, the Philippine eagle.[76]
Immovable Tangible Heritage
The Philippines has six
There country has one
Movable Tangible Heritage
The Philippines possesses numerous significant movable tangible heritage, both in cultural and natural terms. Many are declared as national treasures and are highly protected by the law. The country has four documentary heritage inscribed in the UNESCO
Intangible Heritage
The country currently possesses at least three UNESCO intangible cultural heritage elements, one of which, the Hudhud Epic Chants of the Ifugao, was declared by UNESCO as one of the eleven great traditions of humanity.[85] The other two elements inscribed by UNESCO are the Darangen Chant of the Maranao people of Lake Lanao[86] and the Punnuk tug-of-war Game of the Ifugao.[87] Education concerning Philippine mythology is also a notable intangible heritage of the country.[88]
Filipino cuisine
Filipino cuisine is the polymerization of 144 distinct cuisines in the Philippines, coming from separate ethno-linguistic groups. The style of cooking and the food associated with it have evolved over many centuries from their
Tourism activities
This section needs additional citations for verification. (September 2021) |
Beaching and diving
Various beaches in the Philippines have landed in multiple magazine rankings. Among the most popular beach and diving choices in the country include Boracay, El Nido, Coron, Cebu, and Siargao.[90] In 2018, Canadian-based travel agency Flight Network listed Hidden Beach in Palawan (No. 1) as the best beach in all of Asia. The beach was also cited by Travel+Leisure as among the 13 places to see the bluest water in the world. Other beaches ranked from the Philippines were Guyam White Sand Beach in Siargao (No. 13), Palaui Beach in Cagayan Valley (No. 22), Caramoan Island Beach in Camarines Sur (No. 29), Dahican Beach in Mati, Davao Oriental (No. 41), Gumasa Beach in Sarangani (No. 45), Alona Beach in Panglao, Bohol (No. 46), Kalanggaman Island in Cebu (No. 49), and Paliton Beach in Siquijor (No. 50).[91]
Hiking
Among the most famous hiking areas in the country are Mount Apo, Mount Pinatubo, Mount Halcon, Mount Banahaw, Mount Makiling, and Mount Pulag. An Online magazine, Culture Trip, cited Mount Batulao in Batangas, Masungi Georeserve in Rizal, Tarak Ridge in Bataan, Mount Daraitan and Maynoba in Rizal, Kibungan Circuit in Benguet, and Mount Pulag in Nueva Vizcaya for having the most spectacular hiking trails in the country in 2017.[92]
Research and education
Due to the country's diverse flora and fauna, researchers from around the world have visited various biodiversity sites in Philippine environmental corridors. Among the big draws for environmental researchers are
]Visitors seeking graduate degrees or reviewer sessions[clarification needed] in the Philippines usually come from India, South Korea, and Palau. Language schools with English language programs are also popular among Asian foreigners from South Korea, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar, Taiwan, and Japan. Government-approved institutions that teach Philippine mythology and suyat scripts, such as baybayin, have also become popular among locals and foreigners.[citation needed]
Arts and crafts tourism
Arts and crafts tourism in the Philippines has recently expanded following several attempts to establish a cultural renaissance. The country was conferred its first UNESCO Creative City through
.Pilgrimage
The Philippines is the Catholic pilgrimage capital of Asia, possessing hundreds of olden churches, most of which were established between the 15th to 19th centuries through the earthquake baroque architecture. Historic mosques, temples, and indigenous places of worship such as
Festivals
The country has thousands of festivals, most of which are annual spectacles. Each of the festivals, locally known as fiesta, have different traditions at play, and may be religious or secular in nature. Among the most popular include the
Protection and restoration
This section is written like a personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic. (July 2022) |
The Philippines has numerous heritage towns and cities, but many of these were intentionally destroyed by the Japanese through fire tactics in World War II and by the Americans through bombings during the same war. After the war, the government of the Empire of Japan did not provide funds to the Philippines for the restoration of the heritage towns they destroyed, effectively destroying any chances of restoration; since the pre-war Philippines' economy was devastated and had limited financial resources. Furthermore, the United States gave minimal funding for only two of the hundreds of cities they destroyed: Manila and Baguio. Today, only the centers (poblacion[clarification needed] or downtown areas) remain in most of the expansive heritage cities and towns in the country.[citation needed]
However some heritage cities still exist in their pre-war state, such as the UNESCO city of Vigan which was the only heritage town saved from American bombing and Japanese fire and kamikaze tactics. The country currently lacks a city/town-singular[clarification needed] architectural style law.[citation needed] Due to this, unaesthetic cement or shanty structures have taken over heritage buildings, destroying many former heritage townscapes. Some heritage buildings have been demolished or sold to corporations, and have been replaced by commercial structures such as shopping centers, condominium units, or newly-furnished modern-style buildings, completely destroying the old aesthetics of many former heritage towns and cities.[citation needed] Only the heritage city of Vigan has a town law that guarantees that its unique architecture (the Vigan colonial style) shall always be used in constructions and reconstructions. However Silay, Iloilo City, and San Fernando de Pampanga have ordinances giving certain tax exemptions to owners of heritage houses.[94] In 2010, the Philippine Cultural Heritage Act passed into law, protecting all cultural heritage properties of the Philippines.[95] Nevertheless, many ancestral home owners continue to approve the demolition of ancestral structures.[citation needed]
Visa policy
The visa policy of the Philippines is governed by Commonwealth Act No. 613, also known as the Philippine Immigration Act, and by subsequent legislation amending it. The Act is jointly enforced by the Department of Foreign Affairs (DFA) and the Bureau of Immigration (BI).
Generally, foreign nationals who wish to enter the Philippines require a visa unless:
- He/she is a citizen of a member state of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)
- He/she is a citizen of a non-ASEAN member state whose nationals are allowed to enter the Philippines visa-free
- He/she is a balikbayan and is only returning to the Philippines temporarily
Nationals of 157 foreign countries are visa-free for 14 days, 30 days, or 59 days. Of more than 200 countries and territories, 39 need visas to enter the Philippines.[96][97]
Immigration and customs
Entry guidelines for temporary visitors
Nationals traveling to the Philippines for business and tourism purposes are allowed to enter the Philippines obtaining visa on arrival for a stay not exceeding 30 days, provided they hold valid tickets for their return journey to port of origin or next port of destination. However, immigration officers at ports of entry may exercise their discretion to admit holders of passports valid for at least sixty days beyond the intended period of stay.[98]
Customs
Upon arriving, visitors are allowed to bring in duty-free personal belongings, two cartons of cigarettes or two tins of pipe tobacco and up to one liter of alcohol. Exceeding this is illegal. Balikbayans have separate rules and should check with the embassy or consulate in their home city.[98]
Currency regulations
It is illegal for any incoming or outgoing passenger to bring in or out Philippine pesos in excess of P10,000.00 without prior authority from the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Any violation of this rule may lead to its seizure and civil penalties and / or criminal prosecution.[98]
The transportation of foreign currency or monetary instruments is legal. However, the carrying of foreign currency in excess of US$10,000.00 or its equivalent in other foreign currencies must be declared to a Customs Officer or the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas. Violation of this rule may lead to seizure and sanctions, fines and / or penalties.[98]
Transportation
Air transportation
Currently, there are 16 airports classified by the Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines as International Airports. There are also hundreds of principal domestic airports and community airports throughout the country. The international airports include:[99]
- Silay, Negros Occidental
- Bicol International Airport in Legazpi, Albay[100]
- Bohol–Panglao International Airport in Panglao, Bohol[101]
- Lal-lo, Cagayan
- Mabalacat, Pampanga
- Francisco Bangoy International Airport in Davao City
- General Santos International Airport in General Santos
- Iloilo International Airport in Cabatuan, Iloilo
- Kalibo, Aklan
- Laguindingan, Misamis Oriental
- Laoag, Ilocos Norte
- Mactan–Cebu International Airport in Lapu-Lapu City, Cebu
- Ninoy Aquino International Airport in Pasay / Parañaque
- Puerto Princesa International Airport in Puerto Princesa
- Subic Bay International Airport in Morong, Bataan
- Zamboanga International Airport in Zamboanga City
Sea transportation
The country traditionally used sea vehicles since pre-colonial times. The archipelagic country has four areas of ports concentration, as administered by the Philippine Ports Authority. These areas are the South China Sea ports area, Philippine Sea ports area, Celebes Sea ports area, and Inland Seas ports area. Each area has hundreds of ports serving local and international ships and other sea vehicles.[102][failed verification]
International Tourism Offices
Every town and city in the Philippines has at least one tourism office. The country has also established numerous tourism offices in various foreign countries. The international tourism offices include:[103]
- Tokyo, Japan
- Osaka, Japan
- Seoul, South Korea
- Petaling Jaya, Malaysia
- Singapore
- Taipei, Taiwan
- Bangkok, Thailand
- Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
- Jakarta, Indonesia
- New Delhi, India
- Mumbai, India
- Beijing, China
- Shanghai, China
- Sydney, Australia
- London, United Kingdom
- Frankfurt, Germany
- Moscow, Russia
- Madrid, Spain
- Milan, Italy
- Paris, France
- Dubai, UAE
- Toronto, Canada
- New York, USA
- San Francisco, USA
- Los Angeles, USA
Embassies and consulates of the Philippines throughout the world also serve as de facto international tourism offices.
Threats
Certain militant Islamist groups such as
Other threats include cultural heritage destruction due to damage, demolition, or looting of heritage structures, and urbanization of younger generations away from indigenous traditions, causing various rituals and practices to fade away. Threats to natural heritage include mining, severe population growth, urbanization, introduction of invasive species, deforestation, water pollution, air pollution, and climate change.[106][107][108][109]
See also
- Visa policy of the Philippines
- Philippine Registry of Cultural Property
- List of festivals in the Philippines
- Arts of the Philippines
- List of beaches in the Philippines
- Architecture of the Philippines
- Biosphere reserves of the Philippines
- Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Philippines
- Lists of Cultural Properties of the Philippines
- Archaeology of the Philippines
- List of national parks of the Philippines
- World Heritage Sites in the Philippines
References
- ^ "Tourism Contributes 6.2 Percent to GDP in 2022" (Press release). Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original on July 11, 2023. Retrieved June 15, 2023.
- ^ "Share of Tourism to GDP is 12.7 percent in 2019" (Press release). Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 19, 2020.
- ^ Inquirer, Philippine Daily (December 30, 2021). "ADBI floats idea of ocean tourism in PH". INQUIRER.net. Retrieved September 27, 2023.
- ^ "The problem with the Philippine tourism industry". Archived from the original on December 3, 2021. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
- ^ "Philippines to temporarily shut down tourist island". www.aljazeera.com. Retrieved August 18, 2023.
- ^ "Philippines reached 80 percent of 2023 foreign tourist target". Asia Gaming Brief. September 21, 2023.
- ^ a b "Daang Matuwid – Achievements". Official Gazette of the Republic of Philippines. Archived from the original on May 29, 2022. Retrieved May 27, 2016.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals; January – December 2019" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 2, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- ^ "Tourism Dept. claims 2011 a banner year for the Philippines". GMA News Online. February 9, 2012.
- ^ "It's More Fun in the Philippines official website". Archived from the original on January 1, 2013.
- ^ "Philippines". Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report. 2017. Retrieved July 4, 2018.
- ^ Calderon, Justin (March 5, 2013). "Philippine tourism to create 3.6m jobs". Inside Investor. Archived from the original on July 28, 2020. Retrieved May 23, 2013.
- ^ "The Philippine Registry of Cultural Property (PRECUP)". Ncca.gov.ph. May 24, 2016. Archived from the original on August 31, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "e-Knowledge Center". ICHCAP. Archived from the original on August 14, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS)". Chm.ph. December 24, 2008. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Protected Areas". Denr.gov.ph. September 7, 2017. Archived from the original on August 15, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the originalon July 6, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Memory of the World Programme". Philippine National Commission for UNESCO. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Philippines - intangible heritage - Culture Sector". UNESCO. Archived from the original on October 5, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ a b "Biosphere reserves in Asia and the Pacific". UNESCO. October 29, 2018. Philippines. Archived from the original on February 12, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "INDUSTRY PERFORMANCE FOR TRAVEL AND TOURISM". September 10, 2015. Archived from the original on October 7, 2014. Retrieved October 11, 2015.
- ^ Agence France-Presse (March 22, 2017). "Philippines complains drug war reports hurting tourism". Yahoo! News. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals; January - December 2019" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 2, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- ^ "National QuickStat - June 2020 (Phase 2)". Philippine Statistics Authority. Archived from the original (XLSX) on August 13, 2020. Retrieved August 13, 2020.
- ^ Magtulis, Prinz (February 10, 2021). "Lockdowns derail Philippines' tourism rise". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on February 10, 2021.
- ^ Santos, Ana P. (January 12, 2022). "Will tourism in the Philippines recover from coronavirus?". DW News. Archived from the original on January 12, 2022.
- ^ a b Rocamora, Joyce Ann L. (February 10, 2022). "PH reopens borders to foreign tourists after nearly 2 years". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on February 10, 2022.
- ^ Lucas, Daxim L. (November 29, 2016). "Duterte gov't to invest $23B in tourism infra". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016.
- ^ "Philippines records 'all-time high' 7.1M tourist arrivals in 2018". ABS-CBN News. January 24, 2019. Archived from the original on January 24, 2019.
- ^ Cabalza, Dexter (February 18, 2020). "PH got record 8 million tourists in 2019". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on February 18, 2020.
- ^ Atienza, Kyle Aristophere T. (January 29, 2021). "Over 2,000 km of tourism roads completed - DPWH". BusinessWorld. Archived from the original on January 29, 2021.
- ^ Gita-Carlos, Ruth Abbey; Rocamora, Joyce Ann L. (May 27, 2022). "RT-PCR test no longer needed for fully-vaxxed travelers". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on May 27, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to The Philippines by Country of Residence January - March 2024" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to The Philippines by Country of Residence 2023" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to The Philippines by Country of Residence 2022" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to The Philippines by Country of Residence 2021" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2020" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2019" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2018" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2017" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2016" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2015" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2014" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2013" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2012" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2011" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence 2010" (PDF).
- ^ a b c d e f "Proposed Foreign Tourist Tax" (PDF). NTRC Tax Research Journal. XXIX (July 4 – August 2017). National Tax Research Center: 2. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 3, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Quickstat; As of November 2007" (PDF). National Statistics Office. p. 4. Archived from the original (PDF) on April 13, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2008" (PDF). Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence January–December 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 8, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2009" (PDF). March 2, 2022. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2010" (PDF). Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence January–December 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2011" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original on July 28, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ "Visitor Arrival to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January - December 2011" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2012" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2014" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2015" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2016" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 3, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2017" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 2, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2018" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on October 5, 2019. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2019" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 1, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2020" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2021" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2021" (PDF). Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January-December 2022". Department of Tourism. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2022. Retrieved January 22, 2022.
- ^ ""Visitor Arrivals to the Philippines by Country of Residence; January - December 2023"" (PDF).
- ^ "Visitor Arrivals to The Philippines by Country of Residence January - March 2024" (PDF).
- ^ "Manila 11th most attractive shopping destination in Asia Pacific –study". Yahoo! Philippines. Retrieved March 26, 2013.
- ^ "Philippines' Boracay attracted 1.36 million tourists in 2013". Xinhua. Archived from the original on May 11, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2014.
- ^ "Boracay attracted record 1.36 million despite 'Yolanda'". PhilSatr. Archived from the original on February 6, 2014. Retrieved February 22, 2014.
- ^ "BORACAY named 2012 No.1 World's Best Island". Boracay Beach Live. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
- ^ "Boracay named world's 2nd best beach". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved March 30, 2013.
- ^ "Relaxation, nightlife both more fun in Boracay". Yahoo! Philippines. Retrieved February 21, 2013.
- ^ Arnaldo, Ma Stella F. (October 12, 2018). "3 Philippine islands on Condé Nast Traveler's list of Asia's best – Ma. Stella F. Arnaldo". BusinessMirror.
- ^ "Climbing to the top of the Philippines". BBC Travel. Retrieved April 25, 2014.
- ^ "Profile – Mt. Apo Natural Park" Archived August 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Philippine Protected Areas and Wildlife Bureau. Retrieved on April 25, 2014.
- ^ UNESCO World Heritage Centre (October 1, 2012). "UNESCO World Heritage Centre – Rock Islands Southern Lagoon and Tubbataha World Heritage sites win Future Policy Award for marine resource management". Whc.unesco.org. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Historic City of Vigan". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Archived from the original on June 7, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Baguio City | Creative Cities Network". UNESCO. Archived from the original on November 21, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ a b Fernandez, Rudy A. (October 31, 2004). "Mounts Apo, Iglit-Baco covered by Asean Heritage Parks program". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on August 15, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Adraneda, Katherine (November 2, 2009). "Mt. Kitanglad in Bukidnon declared Asean Heritage Park". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Yap, D. J. (October 4, 2013). "Makiling now a heritage park". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 3, 2013. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ a b Punongbayan, Michael (November 17, 2014). "Tubbataha, Hamiguitan now Asean heritage parks". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on November 29, 2014. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Villanueva, Rhodina (November 7, 2015). "Mt. Hibok-Hibok named Asean heritage park". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on November 8, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Hudhud chants of the Ifugao". UNESCO. Archived from the original on November 21, 2015. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Darangen epic of the Maranao people of Lake Lanao". UNESCO. Archived from the original on May 10, 2017. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Espiritu, EV; Lapniten, Karlston (August 25, 2019). "Tug-of-war keeps rice terraces alive". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 24, 2019. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Philippine Mythology as Intangible Cultural Heritage". National Quincentennial Committee. May 20, 2021. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ISBN 978-1-4330-3970-6. Retrieved June 30, 2011.. Public Radio International. Retrieved December 17, 2014.
Throughout the centuries, the islands have incorporated the cuisine of the early Malay settlers, Arab and Chinese traders, and Spanish and American colonizers along with other Oriental and Occidental accent and flavors.
[permanent dead link]
"Philippine Cuisine." Balitapinoy.net. Accessed July 2011.
Morgolis, Jason (February 6, 2014). "Why is it so hard to find a good Filipino restaurant?"Philippine food has Chinese, Malaysian, Spanish and American influences — all cultures that have shaped the Philippines.
- ^ "Dive into Philippines". Retrieved March 5, 2019.
- ^ "8 Philippine beaches among the best in Asia". philstar.com.
- ^ Escalona, Katrina. "The Most Spectacular Hiking Trails in the Philippines". Culture Trip.
- ^ Plana, Vincent (June 12, 2018). "BC's largest Filipino Fiesta is returning to Vancouver this summer". Daily Hive. Archived from the original on June 13, 2018. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "Silay in Negros passes landmark heritage ordinance | Inquirer Lifestyle". Lifestyle.inquirer.net. November 23, 2015. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Republic Act No. 10066 Heritage Law". Ncca.gov.ph. February 17, 2015. Archived from the original on July 19, 2018. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Executive Order No. 408, s. 1960". Retrieved June 3, 2018.
- ^ "Guidelines on Entry Visas of Temporary Visitors to the Philippines". Archived from the original on March 15, 2014. Retrieved March 15, 2014.
- ^ a b c d This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain: "Guidelines on the entry of temporary visitors to the Philippines". Philippine Department of Tourism. Retrieved June 4, 2018.
- ^ "Equipment Status Report; Navigation System" (PDF). Civil Aviation Authority of the Philippines. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 27, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Arguelles, Mar S. (October 7, 2021). "New Bicol International Airport opens after 11-year construction". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on October 6, 2021. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ Frias, Alfred (November 28, 2018). "PRRD leads opening of Bohol-Panglao International Airport". Philippine News Agency. Archived from the original on July 13, 2022. Retrieved July 13, 2022.
- ^ "West Philippine Sea Limited To Exclusive Economic Zone". Ph.news.yahoo.com. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
- ^ "The Department of Tourism (DOT) : OFFICES ACROSS THE GLOBE". Archived from the original on August 8, 2018. Retrieved June 3, 2018.
- ^ "Terrorism in the Philippines: Places you should avoid". World Nomads.
- ^ Philip Sherwell (May 23, 2016). "How Abu Sayyaf makes a business of beheadings as Islamist terror gang releases 'final message' hostage video". The Telegraph.
- ^ Marquez, Buen. "A soaring eyesore: Torre de Manila's construction threatens Rizal Park's skyline – The Palladium Online". Thepalladium.ph. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "Oslob loses heritage house – Cebu Daily News | Cebu Daily News". Cebudailynews.inquirer.net. August 14, 2017. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
- ^ "9 Philippine Icons and Traditions That May Disappear Soon". Filipiknow.net. November 4, 2016. Retrieved August 7, 2018.
- ^ Indy N. "10 Filipino Traditions We Hardly Perform Anymore – Pinoy Top Tens". Topten.ph. Retrieved March 29, 2018.