Cotabato
Cotabato
North Cotabato | |
---|---|
Other transcription(s) | |
• Jawi | اوتار كوتوات |
PDP–Laban) | |
• Legislature | Cotabato Provincial Board |
Area | |
• Total | 9,008.90 km2 (3,478.36 sq mi) |
• Rank | 6th out of 81 |
Highest elevation | 2,954 m (9,692 ft) |
Population (2020 census)[2] | |
• Total | 1,275,185 |
• Rank | 22nd out of 81 |
• Density | 140/km2 (370/sq mi) |
• Rank | 57th out of 81 |
Divisions | |
• Independent cities | 0 |
• Component cities | |
• Municipalities | 25
|
• 8 municipalities under BARMM |
Cotabato or North Cotabato (
Etymology
The name Kuta Watu in Maguindanaon (or Kota Batu in Malay) means "Stone Fortress".
History
Maguindanao Sultanate
According to Maguindanao royal records, Islam was introduced to the Maguindanaos in the late 15th century by Sharif
Cotabato became the capital of the Maguindanao Sultanate. The city became the seat of power of Sultan Muhammad Kudarat in 1619.
Spanish invasion
American rule
The coming of the Americans ushered in the creation of the Moro Province on July 15, 1903, through Act No. 787 of the Philippine Commission. Cotabato, covering what are now the provinces of Cotabato, Maguindanao, Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato and Sarangani, became a district of the huge Moro province. During the American period, large companies were established in Cotabato to exploit the vast timber resources of the region. By the 1930s, settlers from Luzon and Visayas established homesteads in Cotabato.
Japanese invasion
In December 1941, Japanese planes bombed and invaded Cotabato. In 1942, Cotabato was occupied by the
Postwar Era
The pace of settlement in the region accelerated in the 1950s and 1960s. The
Mindanao, including Cotabato, was relatively peaceful in the 1950s and the mid-1960s. While there were some ethnic tensions, there was essentially no presence of secessionist groups in Mindanao yet.[6]
During the Marcos dictatorship
The relative peace of the postwar era began to change in the last years of President Ferdinand Marcos' first term, when news about the Jabidah massacre ignited a furor in the Moro community, and ethnic tensions encouraged with the formation of secessionist movements.[7] None of these groups had enough followers to form a viable opposition until Marcos declared Martial Law,[8] but when political parties were dissolved upon the proclamation of Martial Law in September 1972, it became easy for the armed secessionist group known as the Moro National Liberation Front to consolidate power, and the decades-long Moro conflict began in earnest.[9]
One major event of Martial law which took place in Cotabato was the
On November 22, 1973, through Presidential Decree No. 341, what remained of the old Cotabato was further divided into the provinces of North Cotabato, Maguindanao, and Sultan Kudarat.[13] North Cotabato was later renamed Cotabato through Batas Pambansa Blg. 660 approved on March 7, 1984.[14]
Fifth Philippine Republic era
By the aftermath of the plebiscite to form the autonomous administrative region of Bangsamoro in February 2019, 63 barangays from Cotabato's western municipalities, all of which inhabited mostly by Muslim natives, opted to join the newly formed region.[15] This will result in the reduction of the number of barangays the province currently administers after the national midterm elections on May 13, 2019.[16] Cotabato now comprises the capital city of Kidapawan and 25 municipalities.
Geography
Cotabato covers a total area of 9,008.90 square kilometres (3,478.36 sq mi)[17] occupying the northeastern tip of Region XII and is centrally located in Mindanao. It is bounded on the north by the provinces of Lanao del Sur and Bukidnon, on the east by Davao City and Davao del Norte, on the west by Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur, on the south by Sultan Kudarat, and on the southeast by Davao del Sur.
Cotabato is strategically linked to the major "Arterial Road System" that traverses and connects the province to Davao City - Soccsksargen - Cotabato Corridor. The Cotabato via Kabacan - Maramag - Kibawe, Bukidnon Sayre Highway meanwhile serves as its link to the Cagayan de Oro-Iligan City Corridor. The Pan-Philippine Highway (AH26) traverses through the municipalities of Midsayap, Libungan and the Pigcawayan.
Cotabato stretches from the east at
Typhoons do not pass through Cotabato and rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year.[18]
Climate data for Cotabato | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 30.5 (86.9) |
31.0 (87.8) |
32.0 (89.6) |
32.8 (91.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.5 (88.7) |
31.8 (89.2) |
32.3 (90.1) |
31.8 (89.2) |
31.3 (88.3) |
31.7 (89.0) |
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 23.7 (74.7) |
23.9 (75.0) |
24.1 (75.4) |
24.7 (76.5) |
24.8 (76.6) |
24.6 (76.3) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.5 (76.1) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.4 (75.9) |
24.2 (75.6) |
24.3 (75.8) |
Average rainy days | 15 | 11 | 13 | 11 | 15 | 17 | 15 | 14 | 13 | 15 | 15 | 13 | 167 |
Source: Storm247 [19] |
Administrative divisions
Cotabato comprises 25
- † Provincial capital and component city
- Municipality
Reduction due to the establishment of the Bangsamoro
During the 2001 Referendum for inclusion to the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao, 2 out of 28 barangays of Carmen, Cotabato chose to be part of ARMM, but were excluded because they are not connected to the main region of ARMM. During 2010-2016 Administration, the Bangsamoro ideal sprouted and a newly proposed region was in the making. According to the agreements signed by the Moro Islamic Liberation Front and the Administration of Noynoy Aquino, Carmen will be included in Bangsamoro because of the two out of twenty-eight barangays that voted in favor of joining the Muslim region back in 2001. Unfortunately, Bangsamoro was not implemented before the term of Aquino ended. Despite this, the current administration aims to establish a Federal Government, where Bangamoro will be realized into a State of the Philippines wherein Carmen will be included in Bangsamoro.
Plans to establish a new municipality in the south of Carmen so that the indigenous and Christian central and northern part of Carmen will be retained in North Cotabato has yet to be confirmed. The idea arose because once the entire municipality of Carmen is included in Bangsamoro, the province of North Cotabato will be cut into half, leaving three towns (Banisilan, Alamada, and Libungan) at its west without connection to the center of North Cotabato, isolating these towns in the process.
The issue was partially resolved when the second part of the plebiscite was conducted on February 6, 2019, when 63 barangay from the towns of
Demographics
Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
---|---|---|
1903 | 3,988 | — |
1918 | 16,165 | +9.78% |
1939 | 50,012 | +5.53% |
1948 | 87,236 | +6.38% |
1960 | 279,478 | +10.19% |
1970 | 468,354 | +5.29% |
1975 | 472,302 | +0.17% |
1980 | 564,599 | +3.63% |
1990 | 763,995 | +3.07% |
1995 | 862,666 | +2.30% |
2000 | 958,643 | +2.29% |
2007 | 1,121,974 | +2.19% |
2010 | 1,226,508 | +3.29% |
2015 | 1,379,747 | +2.27% |
2020 | 1,275,185 | −1.54% |
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority[25][26][27][28] 2020 Census count was revised as per PSA Board Resolution No. 13 Series of 2021 adopted on November 9, 2021.[20][23] |
Based on the 2020 census, Cotabato has an overall population of 1,275,185.[2] The average population growth rate was 2.27% in the period 2010–2015, which is higher than the national average of 1.72%. The province had a density of 140 inhabitants per square kilometre or 360 inhabitants per square mile.
Cotabato is an ethnolinguistically diverse province. The first
Religion
Cotabato's population is majority Christian. According to the 2010 census,
Economy
Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on Phabricator and on MediaWiki.org. |
Cotabato is considered a major food basket in Mindanao. It is a top producer of cereals, tropical fruits, vegetables, sugarcane, coconut, coffee, freshwater fish and livestock.
It is also one of the country's leading producers of raw and semi-processed rubber and industrial trees,[42] with markets in Asia and Europe.
Among its major natural assets are
Power utility in the province comes from two energy sources - the
The province has a 4,131.32-kilometre (2,567.08 mi) road network connecting the major centers to each other and the outlying barangays, and communication linkage through NDD-IDD, fax, cellular phone and the internet is available.
Government
President Benigno Aquino III signed the law dividing to new 3 legislative district of Cotabato on September 14, 2012. The representative shall continue to serve until next national election.[43]
Elected provincial officials
- House of Representatives
- 1st District — Rep. Joselito S. Sacdalan
- 2nd District — Rep. Rudy Caodagan
- 3rd District — Rep. Maria Alana Samantha Talino Santos
- Governor: Emmylou "Lala" Talino-Mendoza
- Vice Governor: Efren Pinol
References
- ^ "List of Provinces". PSGC Interactive. Makati, Philippines: National Statistical Coordination Board. Archived from the original on January 17, 2013. Retrieved June 3, 2014.
- ^ a b Census of Population (2020). "Region XII (Soccsksargen)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved July 8, 2021.
- ISBN 971-23-3934-3. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
- ^ "Our Province". Province of Cotabato (government website). Retrieved April 29, 2016.
- ^ "Republic Act No. 4849 - An Act Creating the Province of South Cotabato". Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. July 18, 1966. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
- OCLC 644320116.
- )
- ^ George, T. J. S. (1980). Revolt in Mindanao: The Rise of Islam in Philippine Politics. Oxford University Press. pp. 130–134.
- ^ Yegar, Moshe (2002). Between Integration and Secession: The Muslim Communities of the Southern Philippines, Southern Thailand and Western Burma/Myanmar. Lexington Books. pp. 267–268.
- ^ a b Mariveles, Julius D. "Mindanao: A memory of massacres". Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
- ^ Arguillas, Carolyn O. (January 28, 2010). "De Lima: "Oooops, sorry, it's Ampatuan Massacre not Maguindanao Massacre". MindaNews. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
- ^ ISBN 88-7652-879-2.
- ^ "Presidential Decree No. 341: Creating the Provinces of North Cotabato, Maguindanao and Sultan Kudarat". Philippine Laws, Statutes & Codes. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. November 22, 1973. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
- ^ "Batas Pambansa Blg. 660 - An Act Changing the Name of the Province of North Cotabato to Cotabato". Philippine Laws, Statutes & Codes. Chan Robles Virtual Law Library. November 22, 1973. Retrieved May 27, 2014.
- ^ a b "63 North Cotabato villages complete new Bangsamoro region". CNN Philippines. Archived from the original on February 17, 2019. Retrieved February 14, 2019.
- ^ a b Carolyn O. Arguillas (February 8, 2019). "Pikit's fate: 20 barangays remain with North Cotabato, 22 joining BARMM". MindaNews. Retrieved February 8, 2019.
- ^ a b c "Province: Cotabato". PSGC Interactive. Quezon City, Philippines: Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved January 8, 2016.
- ^ ISBN 971-630-037-9. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
- ^ "Weather forecast for North Cotabato, Philippines". Storm247.com. Bergen, NO: StormGeo AS. Archived from the original on January 5, 2017. Retrieved April 29, 2016.
- ^ a b Total Population, Household Population, Number of Households, and Average Household Size by Region, Province, and City/Municipality: Philippines, 2020. PSA. March 23, 2022.
- ^ "BARMM approves creation of 8 new towns". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved August 19, 2023.
- ^ "Bills creating 8 municipalities in SGA-BARMM approved by BTA Parliament". Luwaran. August 20, 2023. Retrieved August 25, 2023.
- ^ a b "PSA Board Resolution No. 13, Series of 2021: Approving and Adopting the Third Quarter 2021 Philippine Standard Geographic Code Updates to Include the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (Barmm) and Correct the Names of 37 Barangays" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. 2021. Retrieved April 1, 2022.
- ^ Macabalang, Ali (November 13, 2019). "BARMM to assume official supervision over 63 NorCot villages on Nov. 20". Manila Bulletin. Archived from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
- ^ Census of Population (2015). "Region XII (Soccsksargen)". Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
- ^ Census of Population and Housing (2010). "Region XII (Soccsksargen)" (PDF). Total Population by Province, City, Municipality and Barangay. National Statistics Office. Retrieved June 29, 2016.
- ^ Censuses of Population (1903–2007). "Region XII (Soccsksargen)". Table 1. Population Enumerated in Various Censuses by Province/Highly Urbanized City: 1903 to 2007. National Statistics Office.
{{cite encyclopedia}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^
"Province of North Cotabato". Municipality Population Data. Local Water Utilities AdministrationResearch Division. Retrieved December 17, 2016.
- ^ https://psa.gov.ph/sites/default/files/NORTH%20COTABATO_FINAL%20PDF.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ Bueza, Michael (January 18, 2015). "MAP: Catholicism in the Philippines". Rappler.
- ^ Bueza, Michael (July 17, 2015). "MAP: Islam in the Philippines". Rappler.
- ^ Bueza, Michael (July 26, 2014). "MAP: Iglesia ni Cristo in the Philippines". Rappler.
- ^ Philippine Statistics Authority (July 26, 2017). "Muslim Population in Mindanao (based on POPCEN 2015". Archived from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved August 31, 2018.
- ^ Table for religious affiliation psa.gov.ph
- ^ "Poverty incidence (PI):". Philippine Statistics Authority. Retrieved December 28, 2020.
- ^ "Estimation of Local Poverty in the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. November 29, 2005.
- ^ "2009 Official Poverty Statistics of the Philippines" (PDF). Philippine Statistics Authority. February 8, 2011.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population, by Region and Province: 1991, 2006, 2009, 2012 and 2015". Philippine Statistics Authority. August 27, 2016.
- ^ "Updated Annual Per Capita Poverty Threshold, Poverty Incidence and Magnitude of Poor Population with Measures of Precision, by Region and Province: 2015 and 2018". Philippine Statistics Authority. June 4, 2020.
- ^ Cabrera, Ferdinandh B. (August 22, 2013). "NorthCot pushes rubber industry dev't". MindaNews. Mindanao News and Information Cooperative Center (MNICC). Retrieved April 29, 2016.
North Cotabato is the country's second largest rubber producer, next to Zamboanga Sibugay, with a rubber plantation area of at least 55,000 hectares.
- ^ Burgonio, TJ (September 15, 2012). "Aquino signs law reapportioning Cotabato into 3 districts". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 16, 2015.
External links
- Media related to Cotabato at Wikimedia Commons
- Geographic data related to Cotabato at OpenStreetMap
- Province of Cotabato
- Philippine Standard Geographic Code