Yves Chauvin

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Yves Chauvin
French Institute of Petroleum

Yves Chauvin (French:

French Academy of Science. He was known for his work for deciphering the process of olefin metathesis for which he was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry along with Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock.[1][2][3][4][5]

Life

Yves Chauvin was born on 10 October 1930 in

École supérieure de chimie physique électronique de Lyon. He began working in the chemical industry but was frustrated there. He is quoted as saying, "If you want to find something new, look for something new...there is a certain amount of risk in this attitude, as even the slightest failure tends to be resounding, but you are so happy when you succeed that it is worth taking the risk."[6] In 1960, Chauvin began working for the French Petroleum Institute in Rueil-Malmaison. He became honorary director of research there following his retirement from the institute in 1995. Chauvin also served as an emeritus (retired) director of research at the Lyon School of Chemistry, Physics, and Electronics.[4]

Awards and recognitions

He was awarded the 2005 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, along with Robert H. Grubbs and Richard R. Schrock, for his work from the early 1970s in the area of olefin metathesis. Chauvin was embarrassed to receive his award and initially indicated that he might not accept it.[7] He did however receive his award from the King of Sweden and deliver his Nobel lecture.[8] He was elected a member of the French Academy of Sciences in 2005.[9]

Research

Chauvin's work centred on metathesis, which involves organic (carbon-based) compounds. In metathesis, chemists break double bonds more easily by introducing a catalyst—that is, a substance that starts or speeds up a chemical reaction. Chemists began performing metathesis in the 1950s without knowing exactly how the reaction worked. This lack of understanding hindered the search for more efficient catalysts.[10][11]

In the early 1970s Chauvin achieved a breakthrough when he described the mechanism by which a

organic molecule with a double bond, forming a new organic compound. Scholars have compared this reaction to a dance in which two sets of partners join hands to form a ring and then split apart again to form two new partnerships.[12][13]

Chauvin's description of metathesis led

by-products and hazardous waste that must be extracted from the desired synthetic. It was for this process they were awarded with 2005 Chemistry Nobel Prize.[14][15]

Death

Chauvin died, at the age of 84, on 27 January 2015 in Tours, France.[16][17]

Publications

References

  1. PMID 25762275
    .
  2. PMID 25754448
    .
  3. PMID 16274653
    .
  4. ^ a b "Britannica". Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  5. ^ Chauvin, Yves." World Book Student. World Book, 2011. Web. 21 March 2011.
  6. ^ a b Chang, Kenneth, Yves Chauvin, chemist sharing Nobel Prize, dies at 84, New York Times, 31 January 2015, p. B13
  7. ^ SPIEGEL ONLINE, Hamburg, Germany (5 October 2005). "Keine Freude: Nobelpreisträger findet Auszeichnung peinlich". SPIEGEL ONLINE.
  8. ^ Karl Grandin, ed. (2005). "Yves Chauvin Biography". Les Prix Nobel. The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 29 July 2008.
  9. ^ "ChemistryViews.org". 30 January 2015. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
  10. ^ "Humantouchofchemistry.com". Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  11. ^ "NNDB". Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  12. ^ "NobelPrize.org". Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  13. ^ "Eluniversal.com". Retrieved 31 January 2015.
  14. ^ "Addio a Yves Chauvin, Nobel per la chimica 2005". 29 January 2015.
  15. ^ "Le Nobel de chimie Yves Chauvin est mort". Le Monde.fr. 28 January 2015.
  16. ^ Stoye, Emma (30 January 2015). "Chemistry Nobel laureate Yves Chauvin dies aged 84". Chemistry World.
  17. ^ Chang, Kenneth (31 January 2015). "Yves Chauvin, 'Green' Chemist and Nobel Laureate, Dies at 84". The New York Times.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yves_Chauvin&oldid=1219222034"