M. Stanley Whittingham
M. Stanley Whittingham | |
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Born | Michael Stanley Whittingham 22 December 1941 Nottingham, England |
Nationality | British, American |
Alma mater | New College, Oxford (BA, MA, DPhil) |
Known for | Lithium-ion battery |
Awards | Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2019) |
Scientific career | |
Fields | Chemist |
Institutions | Binghamton University |
Thesis | Microbalance studies of some oxide systems (1968) |
Doctoral advisor | Peter Dickens |
Other academic advisors | Robert Huggins (post-doc) |
Michael Stanley Whittingham (born 22 December 1941) is a British-American
Whittingham is a key figure in the history of
Education and career
Whittingham was born in
From 1994 to 2000, he served as the university's vice provost for research.[4] He also served as vice-chair of the Research Foundation of the State University of New York for six years. He is a Distinguished Professor of Chemistry and Materials Science and Engineering at Binghamton University.[7] Whittingham was named Chief Scientific Officer of NAATBatt International in 2017.[4]
Whittingham co-chaired the DOE study of Chemical Energy Storage in 2007,
Research
Whittingham conceived the intercalation electrode. Exxon manufactured Whittingham's lithium-ion battery in the 1970s, based on a titanium disulfide cathode and a lithium-aluminum anode.[10] The battery had high energy density and the diffusion of lithium ions into the titanium disulfide cathode was reversible, making the battery rechargeable. In addition, titanium disulfide has a particularly fast rate of lithium ion diffusion into the crystal lattice. Exxon threw its resources behind the commercialization of a Li/LiClO4/ TiS2 battery. However, safety concerns led Exxon to end the project. Whittingham and his team continued to publish their work in academic journals of electrochemistry and solid-state physics. He left Exxon in 1984 and spent four years at Schlumberger as a manager. In 1988, he became Professor at the Chemistry Department, Binghamton University, U.S. to pursue his academic interests.
"All these batteries are called intercalation batteries. It’s like putting jam in a sandwich. In the chemical terms, it means you have a crystal structure, and we can put lithium ions in, take them out, and the structure’s exactly the same afterwards," Whittingham said. "We retain the crystal structure. That’s what makes these lithium batteries so good, allows them to cycle for so long."[10]
Lithium batteries have limited capacity because less than one lithium-ion/electron is reversibly intercalated per transition metal redox center. To achieve higher energy densities, one approach is to go beyond the one-electron redox intercalation reactions. Whittingham's research has advanced to multi-electron intercalation reactions, which can increase the storage capacity by intercalating multiple lithium ions. A few multi-electron intercalation materials have been successfully developed by Whittingham, like LiVOPO4/VOPO4. The multivalent vanadium cation (V3+<->V5+) plays an important role to accomplish the multi-electron reactions. These promising materials shine lights on the battery industry to increase energy density rapidly.
Whittingham received the
In 2019, Whittingham, along with John B. Goodenough and Akira Yoshino, was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for the development of lithium-ion batteries."[1][2]
Personal life
Stanley is married to Dr. Georgina Whittingham, a professor of Spanish at the
Recognition
- 2007 Chancellor's Award for Excellence in Scholarship and Creative Activities, and Outstanding Research Award, State University of New York[21]
- 2010 Award for Lifetime Contributions from the American Chemical Society[4]
- 2015 Thomson Reuters Citation Laureate[17]
- 2017 Senior Scientist Award from the International Society for Solid State Ionics[22]
- 2018 Turnbull Award from the Materials Research Society[23]
- 2018 Member National Academy of Engineering[24]
- 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with John B. Goodenough and Akira Yoshino[1]
- 2023 VinFuture Grand Prize with Martin Green, Rachid Yazami and Akira Yoshino[25]
Books
- J. B. Goodenough & M. S. Whittingham (1977). Solid State Chemistry of Energy Conversion and Storage. American Chemical Society Symposium Series #163. ISBN 978-0-8412-0358-7.
- G. G. Libowitz & M. S. Whittingham (1979). Materials Science in Energy Technology. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-447550-2.
- M. S. Whittingham & A. J. Jacobson (1984). Intercalation Chemistry. Academic Press. ISBN 978-0-12-747380-2.
- D. L. Nelson, M. S. Whittingham and T. F. George (1987). Chemistry of High Temperature Superconductors. American Chemical Society Symposium Series #352. ISBN 978-0-8412-1431-6.
- M. A. Alario-Franco, M. Greenblatt, G. Rohrer and M. S. Whittingham (2003). Solid-state chemistry of inorganic materials IV. Materials Research Society. ISBN 978-1-55899-692-2.)
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Most-cited papers
- Whittingham, M. S. (1976). "Electrical energy storage and intercalation chemistry". S2CID 36607505.
- Whittingham, M. Stanley (1976). "The role of ternary phases in cathode reactions". .
- Whittingham, M.Stanley (1978). "Chemistry of intercalation compounds: metal guests in chalcogenide hosts". .
- Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 2004). "Lithium batteries and cathode materials" (PDF). S2CID 888879.
- Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 2014). "Ultimate limits to intercalation reactions for lithium batteries". PMID 25354149.
- Chirayil, Thomas; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 1998). "Hydrothermal synthesis of vanadium oxides". .
- Zavalij, Peter Y.; Whittingham, M. Stanley (October 1999). "Structural chemistry of vanadium oxides with open frameworks". PMID 10927405.
- Chen, Rongji; Zavalij, Peter; Whittingham, M. Stanley (June 1996). "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of KxMnO2·yH2O". Chemistry of Materials. 8 (6): 1275–1280. doi:10.1021/cm950550.
- Janauer, Gerald G.; Dobley, Arthur; Guo, Jingdong; Zavalij, Peter; Whittingham, M. Stanley (August 1996). "Novel tungsten, molybdenum, and vanadium oxides containing surfactant ions". Chemistry of Materials. 8 (8): 2096–2101. .
- Yang, Shoufeng; Song, Yanning; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Stanley Whittingham, M. (March 2002). "Reactivity, stability and electrochemical behavior of lithium iron phosphates". .
- Yang, Shoufeng; Zavalij, Peter Y.; Stanley Whittingham, M. (September 2001). "Hydrothermal synthesis of lithium iron phosphate cathodes". Electrochemistry Communications. 3 (9): 505–508. .
- Whittingham, M. Stanley; Guo, Jing-Dong; Chen, Rongji; Chirayil, Thomas; Janauer, Gerald; Zavalij, Peter (January 1995). "The hydrothermal synthesis of new oxide materials". .
- Petkov, V.; Zavalij, P. Y.; Lutta, S.; Whittingham, M. S.; Parvanov, V.; Shastri, S. (February 2004). "Structure beyond Bragg: Study of V2O5 nanotubes" (PDF). doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.69.085410. Archived from the original(PDF) on 9 October 2019.
- "Vanadium modified LiFePO4 cathode for Li-ion batteries". Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters. 12 (2): A33–A38. February 2009. .
- Zhou, Hui; Upreti, Shailesh; Chernova, Natasha A.; Hautier, Geoffroy; Ceder, Gerbrand; Whittingham, M. Stanley (December 2010). "Iron and Manganese Pyrophosphates as cathodes for Lithium-Ion batteries" (PDF). Chemistry of Materials. 23 (2): 293–300. .
References
- ^ a b c "Nobel Prize in Chemistry Announcement". The Nobel Prize. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ a b Specia, Megan (9 October 2019). "Nobel Prize in Chemistry Honors Work on Lithium-Ion Batteries". The New York Times. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
- ^ Ramanan, A. (10 November 2019). "Development of lithium-ion batteries – 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry" (PDF). Current Science. 117 (9): 1416–1418. Archived from the original on 5 December 2019. Retrieved 16 March 2021.
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: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ a b c d "Stanley Whittingham, Ph.D." Marquis Who's Who Top Educators. 23 January 2019. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "M. Stanley Whittingham: Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- ^ a b "Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham". Binghamton University. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
- ^ a b c Yarosh, Ryan (9 October 2019). "Binghamton University professor wins Nobel Prize in Chemistry". Binghamton University. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ISBN 9780786499335. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ Ellis, Katie (19 June 2014). "Federal grant boosts smart energy research". Binghamton University Division of Research. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ a b c "Binghamton professor recognized for energy research". The Research Foundation for the State University of New York. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- The Electrochemical Society. Archived from the originalon 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
- ^ "Battery Division Research Award". The Electrochemical Society. Archived from the original on 22 August 2019. Retrieved 22 August 2019.
- ^ "Fellow of The Electrochemical Society". The Electrochemical Society. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ Kanellos, Michael (20 April 2010). "The Greentech Hall of Fame". Greentech Media. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Awards". International Battery Materials Association. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "2013 MRS Fellows". Materials Research Society. Archived from the original on 10 October 2019. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ a b Mackof, Alexandra. "BU chemistry professor named as Nobel Prize hopeful". Pipe Dream. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham". National Academy of Engineering. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- Binghamton Press & Sun-Bulletin. Retrieved 12 October 2019.
- ^ "Faculty profile, Modern Languages: Georgina Whittingham". State University of New York at Oswego. Retrieved 1 January 2020.
- ^ "Research & Scholarship Award Recipients by Region". SUNY Foundation. 2 May 2007. Archived from the original on 22 March 2020. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ^ "Prof. M. Stanley Whittingham". internationalsocietysolidstateionics.org. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ISSN 0883-7694.
- ^ "Dr. M. Stanley Whittingham". NAE Website. Retrieved 27 October 2019.
- ^ Nhu, Quynh (21 December 2023). "Battery researchers win $3M Vietnamese awards". VnExpress.
- ^ "Stanley Whittingham". Google Scholar. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
External links
- M. Stanley Whittingham's profile at Binghamton University website
- M. Stanley Whittingham's interview [1] at École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Parishistory of science website
- M. Stanley Whittingham on Nobelprize.org including the Nobel Lecture on Sunday 8 December 2019 The Origins of the Lithium Battery