British Mauritius

Mauritius
Mauritius
1810–1968
	Flag Coat of arms
	Motto: "Stella Clavisque Maris Indici" ( Roman Catholicism; Hinduism
Governor
• 1810–1823	Robert Townsend Farquhar
• 1962–1968	John Shaw Rennie
Chief Minister
• 1961–1968	Seewoosagur Ramgoolam
Legislature	Established
• Treaty of Paris	30 May 1814
• Seychelles separated as a Crown colony	1903
• Agreement between the British and the French for Tromelin Island	1954
• Detachment of the Chagos Archipelago and BIOT formed	8 November 1965
• Independence	12 March 1968
Currency	Mauritian dollar; (1820–1877); Mauritian rupee; (1877–1968)
Preceded by	Succeeded by
	Isle de France (Mauritius)
Crown Colony of Seychelles
British Indian Ocean Territory
Mauritius (1968–1992)
Today part of	Mauritius; Seychelles; British Indian Ocean Territory; Tromelin

20°12′S 57°30′E / 20.2°S 57.5°E / -20.2; 57.5

Mauritius was a Crown colony off the southeast coast of Africa. Formerly part of the French colonial empire, British rule in Mauritius was established de facto with the Invasion of Isle de France in November 1810, and de jure by the subsequent Treaty of Paris. British rule ended on 12 March 1968, when Mauritius became independent.

History

Josias Rowley. British possession of the island was confirmed four years later by the Treaty of Paris in 1814. Nonetheless, French institutions, including the Napoleonic Code

of law, were maintained, and the French language was still more widely used than English.

The

Franco-Mauritian planters received their share of the British government's compensation of 20 million pounds sterling (£20m) for the liberation of about 20,000 slaves, who had been imported from Africa and Madagascar during the French occupation.^[1]^[2]

The

Franco-Mauritians

and their Creole allies to the Indo-Mauritians.

Conflicts arose between the Indian community (mostly sugarcane labourers) and the Franco-Mauritians in the 1920s, leading to several (mainly Indian) deaths. Following this, the

Belle Vue Harel Massacre.^[6]

In the period just before the official declaration of independence and hand over of power to an independent government the island was rocked by a series of ethnic riots such as the 1965 Mauritius race riots, August 1967 riots and ten day period of violent riots (January 1968) that resulted from ethnic tensions.

References

^ D., M. "The Ignominious Slave Trade". Mauritius Times. Retrieved 2013-03-01.
^ Manning, Sanchez. "Britain's colonial shame: Slave-owners given huge payouts after abolition". The Independent. Retrieved 2013-02-24.
^ Napal, D. "The Strikes of 1938". Mauritius Times. Retrieved 2020-07-25.
JSTOR 3744263
.

doi:10.1080/0023656X.2013.804268
. Retrieved 2018-08-18.

^ Peerthum, Satteeanund. "Tribute to the Martyrs of Belle Vue Harel". lexpress.mu. L'Express. Retrieved 2003-09-03.

Further reading

Napal, Dayachand (1984). British Mauritius, 1810–1948. ELP Lté.
ISBN 978-9-990-32311-5
.

External links

Media related to British Mauritius at Wikimedia Commons

v
t
e
British Empire

Legend

Current territory

Former territory

* Now a Commonwealth realm

Now a member of the Commonwealth of Nations

Culture:Anglosphere

Europe

1542–1800 Ireland (integrated into the UK)

1708–1757, 1763–1782 and 1798–1802 Minorca

Since 1713 Gibraltar

1794–1796 Corsica

1800–1813 Malta (Protectorate)

1813–1964 Malta (Colony)

1807–1890 Heligoland

1809–1864 Ionian Islands

1878–1960 Cyprus

1921–1931 Irish Free State

Since 1960 Akrotiri and Dhekelia (before as part of Cyprus)

v
t
e
Africa
17th and 18th centuries 19th century 20th century

Since 1658 Saint Helena²³

1792–1961 Sierra Leone

1795–1803 Cape Colony

Since 1815 Ascension Island²³

Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha²³

1806–1910 Cape of Good Hope

1807–1808 Madeira

1810–1968 Mauritius

1816–1965 The Gambia

1856–1910 Natal

1862–1906 Lagos

1868–1966 Basutoland⁶

1874–1957 Gold Coast⁷

1882–1922 Egypt

1884–1900 Niger Coast

1884–1966 Bechuanaland⁸

1884–1960 Somaliland

1887–1897 Zululand

1890–1962 Uganda

1890–1963 Zanzibar⁹

1891–1964 Nyasaland¹⁰

1891–1907 Central Africa

1893–1968 Swaziland
¹¹

1895–1920 East Africa

1899–1956 Sudan

1900–1914 Northern Nigeria

1900–1914 Southern Nigeria

1900–1910 Orange River

1900–1910 Transvaal

1903–1976 Seychelles

1910–1931 South Africa

1914–1960 Nigeria

1915–1931
South-West Africa
¹²

1919–1961
Cameroons
¹³

1920–1963 Kenya

1922–1961 Tanganyika¹³

1923–1965 and 1979–1980 Southern Rhodesia¹⁴

1924–1964 Northern Rhodesia¹⁵

6. Now Lesotho.

7. Now Ghana.

8. Now Botswana.

9. Now part of Tanzania.

10. Now Malawi.

11. Now named Eswatini.

12. Now Namibia.

13. League of Nations mandate. British Cameroons is now part of Cameroon, while Tanganyika is part of Tanzania.

14. Self-governing Southern Rhodesia unilaterally declared independence in 1965 (as Rhodesia) and continued as an unrecognised state until the 1979 Lancaster House Agreement. After recognised independence in 1980, Zimbabwe was a member of the Commonwealth until it withdrew in 2003.

15. Now Zambia.

v
t
e
Asia
17th and 18th centuries 19th century 20th century

1685–1824 Bencoolen

1702–1705 Pulo Condore

1757–1947 Bengal

1762–1764 Manila and Cavite

1781–1784 and 1795–1819 Padang

1786–1946 Penang

1795–1948 Ceylon¹⁶

1796–1965 Maldives

1811–1816 Java

1812–1824 Banka and Billiton

1819–1826 Malaya

1824–1948 Burma

1826–1946 Straits Settlements

1839–1967 Aden Colony

1839–1842 Afghanistan

1841–1997 Hong Kong

1841–1946 Sarawak¹⁷

1848–1946 Labuan

1858–1947 India¹⁸

1874–1963 Borneo

1879–1919 Afghanistan (protectorate)

1882–1963 North Borneo¹⁷

1885–1946 Unfederated Malay States

1888–1984 Brunei

1891–1971 Muscat and Oman

1892–1971 Trucial States

1895–1946 Federated Malay States

1898–1930
Weihai

1878–1960 Cyprus

1907–1949 Bhutan (protectorate)

1918–1961 Kuwait

1920–1932 Mesopotamia¹⁹

1921–1946 Transjordan⁸

1923–1948 Palestine¹⁹

1945–1946
South Vietnam

1946–1963 North Borneo

1946–1963 Sarawak

1946–1963 Singapore

1946–1948 Malayan Union

1948–1957 Federation of Malaya¹⁷

Since 1965 British Indian Ocean Territory (before as part of Mauritius and Seychelles)²⁶

16. Now Sri Lanka.

17. Now part of Malaysia.

18. Now India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.

19.
Anglo-Iraqi Treaty

26. Legitimacy of territorial establishment disputed

v
t
e
North America
17th century and before 18th century 19th and 20th centuries

1579 New Albion

16th c.–1880 British Arctic Territories

1583–1907 Newfoundland

1605–1979 *Saint Lucia

1607–1776 Virginia

Since 1619 Bermuda

1620–1691 Plymouth

1623–1983 Saint Kitts

1624–1966 *Barbados

1625–1650
Saint Croix

1627–1979 *Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

1628–1983 Nevis

1629–1691 Massachusetts-Bay

1632–1776 Maryland

since 1632 Montserrat

1632–1860 Antigua

1635–1644 Saybrook

1636–1776 Connecticut

1636–1776 Rhode Island

1637–1662 New Haven

1643–1860 Bay Islands

Since 1650 Anguilla

1655–1860 Mosquito Coast

1655–1962 *Jamaica

1663–1712 Carolina

1664–1776 New-York

1665–1674 and 1702–1776 New-Jersey

Since 1666 Virgin Islands

Since 1670 Cayman Islands

1670–1973 *Bahamas

1670–1870 Rupert's Land

1671–1816 Leeward Islands

1674–1702 East Jersey

1674–1702 West Jersey

1680–1776 New Hampshire

1681–1776 Pennsylvania

1686–1689 New England

1691–1776 Massachusetts-Bay

1701–1776 Delaware

1712–1776 North-Carolina

1712–1776 South-Carolina

1713–1867 Nova-Scotia

1733–1776 Georgia

1754–1820 Cape Breton Island

1762–1974 *Grenada

1763–1978 Dominica

1763–1873 Prince Edward Island

1763–1791
Quebec

1763–1783 East Florida

1763–1783 West Florida

1784–1867 New Brunswick

1791–1841 Lower Canada

1791–1841 Upper Canada

Since 1799 Turks and Caicos Islands

1818–1846 Columbia District/Oregon Country¹

1833–1960 Windward Islands

1833–1960 Leeward Islands

1841–1867 Canada

1843
Paulet affair

1849–1866 Vancouver Island

1853–1863 Queen Charlotte Islands

1858–1866
British Columbia

1859–1870 North-Western Territory

1860–1981 *Antigua and Barbuda

1862–1863 Stickeen

1866–1871
British Columbia

1867–1931 *Dominion of Canada²

1871–1981 *Belize

1882–1983 *Saint Kitts and Nevis

1889–1962 Trinidad and Tobago

1907–1949 Newfoundland³

1958–1962 West Indies Federation

1967–1983 West Indies Associated States

1. Occupied jointly with the United States.

2. In 1931, Canada and other British dominions obtained self-government through the Statute of Westminster. See Name of Canada.

3. Gave up self-rule in 1934, but remained a de jure Dominion until it joined Canada in 1949.

v
t
e
Oceania
18th and 19th centuries 20th century

1788–1901 New South Wales

1803–1901 Van Diemen's Land/Tasmania

1807–1863 Auckland Islands²⁰

1824–1980 New Hebrides²¹

1824–1901 Queensland

1829–1901
Western Australia

1836–1901
South Australia

since 1838 Pitcairn Islands

1841–1907 New Zealand

1846–1847 North Australia

1851–1901
Victoria

1874–1970 Fiji

1877–1976 Western Pacific Territories

1884–1902 Papua

1888–1901 Rarotonga/Cook Islands²⁰

1889–1948
Union Islands
²⁰

1892–1979 Gilbert and Ellice Islands²²

1893–1978 *Solomon Islands

1900–1970 Tonga

1900–1974 Niue²⁰

1901–1942 *Australia

1907–1947 *New Zealand

1914–1962 Samoa

1919–1942 and 1945–1968 Nauru

20. Now part of the *Realm of New Zealand.

21. Now Vanuatu.

22. Now Kiribati and *Tuvalu.

South America

1631–1641 Providence Island

1651–1667
Willoughbyland

1670–1688 Saint Andrew and Providence Islands⁴

1831–1966 Guiana

Since 1833 Falkland Islands⁵

Since 1908 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands⁵

4. Now a department of Colombia.

5. Occupied by Argentina during the Falklands War of April–June 1982.

Antarctica and the South Atlantic

Since 1658 Saint Helena²³

Since 1815 Ascension Island²³

Since 1816 Tristan da Cunha²³

Since 1833 Falkland Islands

1841–1933 Australian Antarctic Territory (transferred to the Commonwealth of Australia)

1841–1947 Ross Dependency (transferred to the Realm of New Zealand)

Since 1908 British Antarctic Territory²⁴

Since 1908 South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands²⁵

23. Since 2009 part of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha; Ascension Island (1922–) and Tristan da Cunha (1938–) were previously dependencies of Saint Helena.

24. Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1962; overlaps portions of Argentine and Chilean claims, borders not enforced but claim not renounced under the
Antarctic Treaty
.

25. Claimed in 1908; territory formed 1985

Historical flags of the British Empire

Category

Commons

Portal

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=British_Mauritius&oldid=1212679388"

[1] D., M. "The Ignominious Slave Trade". Mauritius Times. Retrieved 2013-03-01.

[2] Manning, Sanchez. "Britain's colonial shame: Slave-owners given huge payouts after abolition". The Independent. Retrieved 2013-02-24.

[3] Napal, D. "The Strikes of 1938". Mauritius Times. Retrieved 2020-07-25.

[js-4] JSTOR 3744263
.

[rg-5] :10.1080/0023656X.2013.804268
. Retrieved 2018-08-18.

[6] Peerthum, Satteeanund. "Tribute to the Martyrs of Belle Vue Harel". lexpress.mu. L'Express. Retrieved 2003-09-03.

[1]

[2]

[6]

History

See also

References

Further reading

External links