Demographics of Liverpool
Demographics of Liverpool | |
---|---|
Population | 466,400 (2011) |
Nationality | |
Major ethnic | White: 88.9% |
The demography of Liverpool is officially analysed by the
Population change
As with other major British cities, Liverpool has a large and very diverse population. In the 2011 UK Census, the recorded population of Liverpool was 466,400,[1] a 5.5% increase from the 435,500 recorded in the 2001 census.[2] Liverpool's population peaked in the 1930s with 846,101 recorded in the 1931 census.[3] Until the recent increase, the city had experienced negative population growth every decade; at its peak, over 100,000 people had left the city between 1971 and 1981.[4] Between 2001 and 2006, the city experienced the ninth largest population percentage loss of any UK unitary authority.[5]
In common with many cities, Liverpool's population is younger than that of England as a whole, with 42.3% of its population under the age of 30, compared to an English average of 37.4%.[6] Those of working age make up 65.1% of the population.[6]
Urban and metropolitan area
The Liverpool Urban Area encompasses the city of Liverpool alongside
Ethnicity
While 84% of Liverpool's population is white, the city is one of the most important sites in the history of multiculturalism in the United Kingdom. Liverpool is home to Britain's oldest black community, dating to at least the 1730s, and some Liverpudlians are able to trace their black ancestors in the city back ten generations.[8] Early black settlers in the city included seamen, the children of traders sent to be educated, and freed slaves (since slaves entering the country after 1722 were deemed free men).[9]
The city is also home to the oldest Chinese community in Europe; the first residents of the city's Chinatown arrived as seamen in the 19th century.[10] The gateway in Chinatown is also the largest gateway outside of China.
The city is also historically known for its large Irish and Welsh populations.[11] The Liverpool accent (Scouse) is thought to have been influenced by the arrival of Irish and Welsh immigrants.[12] Today, up to 50% of Liverpool's population is believed to have Irish ancestry.[citation needed] The influences of Irish and Welsh culture have given Liverpool's people traits usually associated with the Celtic fringes of the British Isles.[13]
The vast majority of Liverpool's ethnic minorities live within the inner city area, particularly in and around
- Census data
Ethnic Group | 1991[17] | 2001[18] | 2011[19] | 2021[20] | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
White: Total | 435,404 | 96.23% | 414,526 | 94.32% | 414,671 | 88.91% | 408,443 | 84.03% |
White: British | – | – | 403,625 | 91.84% | 395,485 | 84.79% | 375,785 | 77.31% |
White: Irish | 5,813 | 1.28% | 5,349 | 1.21% | 6,729 | 1.44% | 6,826 | 1.40% |
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller[note 1]
|
– | – | – | – | 185 | 0.04% | 501 | 0.10% |
White: Roma[note 2] | – | – | – | – | 1,169 | 0.24% | ||
White: Other | – | – | 5,552 | 1.26% | 12,272 | 2.63% | 24,162 | 4.97% |
Asian or Asian British : Total
|
6,358 | 1.41% | 9,962 | 2.26% | 19,403 | 4.16% | 27,767 | 5.71% |
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi | 395 | 0.09% | 557 | 0.12% | 1,075 | 0.23% | 1,917 | 0.39% |
Asian or Asian British: Chinese[note 3] | 3,337 | 0.73% | 5,143 | 1.17% | 7,978 | 1.71% | 8,841 | 1.82% |
Asian or Asian British: Indian | 1,295 | 0.28% | 1,909 | 0.43% | 4,915 | 1.05% | 6,251 | 1.29% |
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani | 630 | 0.14% | 1,050 | 0.23% | 1,999 | 0.42% | 3,673 | 0.76% |
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian | 701 | 0.15% | 1,303 | 0.29% | 3,436 | 0.73% | 7,085 | 1.46% |
Black or Black British: Total | 7,247 | 1.60% | 5,377 | 1.22% | 12,308 | 2.63% | 16,964 | 3.49% |
Black or Black British: Caribbean | 1,495 | 0.33% | 1,083 | 0.24% | 1,467 | 0.31% | 1,493 | 0.31% |
Black or Black British: African | 2,487 | 0.54% | 3,071 | 0.69% | 8,490 | 1.82% | 12,709 | 2.61% |
Black or Black British: Other Black | 3,265 | 0.72% | 1,223 | 0.27% | 2,351 | 0.50% | 2,762 | 0.57% |
Mixed: Total | – | – | 7,907 | 1.79% | 11,756 | 2.52% | 16,880 | 3.47% |
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | – | – | 2,308 | 0.52% | 3,473 | 0.74% | 4,127 | 0.85% |
Mixed: White and Black African | – | – | 2,207 | 0.50% | 3,164 | 0.67% | 4,157 | 0.86% |
Mixed: White and Asian | – | – | 1,352 | 0.31% | 2,283 | 0.48% | 3,662 | 0.75% |
Mixed: Other Mixed | – | – | 2,040 | 0.46% | 2,836 | 0.61% | 4,934 | 1.02% |
Other: Total | 3,441 | 0.76% | 1,701 | 0.38% | 8,277 | 1.77% | 16,034 | 3.30% |
Other: Arab[note 1] | – | – | – | – | 5,629 | 1.21% | 8,312 | 1.71% |
Other: Any other ethnic group | 3,441 | 0.76% | 1,701 | 0.38% | 2,648 | 0.56% | 7,722 | 1.59% |
Total | 452,450 | 100% | 439,473 | 100% | 466,415 | 100% | 486,088 | 100% |
Per the above table, note that the census question regarding ethnicity was first asked in 1991.
Ethnicity of school pupils
This table shows the ethnicity of school children in Liverpool in the academic years from 2015/16 onwards.
Ethnic group | School year[21] | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2015/16 | 2016/17 | 2017/18[note 4] | 2018/19 | 2019/20 | 2020/21 | 2021/22 | 2022/23 | |||||||||
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
White: Total | 49,302 | 82.0% | 49,653 | 81.2% | 57,744 | 79.9% | 58,002 | 79.1% | 58,396 | 78.3% | 58,423 | 77.6% | 58,538 | 76.2% | 58,242 | 74.9% |
White: British | 46,441 | 77.3% | 46,500 | 76.1% | 53,627 | 74.2% | 53,473 | 72.9% | 53,635 | 71.9% | 53,606 | 71.2% | 53,493 | 69.6% | 52,960 | 68.1% |
White: Irish | 200 | 0.3% | 212 | 0.3% | 272 | 0.4% | 285 | 0.4% | 284 | 0.4% | 284 | 0.4% | 310 | 0.4% | 307 | 0.4% |
White: Roma | 60 | 0.1% | 67 | 0.1% | 127 | 0.2% | 179 | 0.2% | 219 | 0.3% | 172 | 0.2% | 228 | 0.3% | 248 | 0.3% |
White: Traveller of Irish heritage
|
34 | 0.1% | 37 | 0.1% | 56 | 0.1% | 66 | 0.1% | 89 | 0.1% | 65 | 0.1% | 73 | 0.1% | 76 | 0.1% |
White: Any other White background | 2,567 | 4.3% | 2,837 | 4.6% | 3,662 | 5.1% | 3,999 | 5.5% | 4,169 | 5.6% | 4,296 | 5.7% | 4,434 | 5.8% | 4,651 | 6.0% |
Asian / Asian British : Total
|
2,924 | 4.9% | 3,137 | 5.1% | 3,988 | 5.5% | 4,081 | 5.6% | 4,200 | 5.6% | 4,278 | 5.7% | 4,670 | 6.1% | 5,152 | 6.6% |
Asian: Indian | 610 | 1.0% | 688 | 1.1% | 865 | 1.2% | 892 | 1.2% | 883 | 1.2% | 879 | 1.2% | 980 | 1.3% | 1,192 | 1.5% |
Asian: Pakistani | 398 | 0.7% | 406 | 0.7% | 515 | 0.7% | 541 | 0.7% | 594 | 0.8% | 638 | 0.8% | 682 | 0.9% | 772 | 1.0% |
Asian: Bangladeshi | 294 | 0.5% | 302 | 0.5% | 354 | 0.5% | 364 | 0.5% | 376 | 0.5% | 377 | 0.5% | 389 | 0.5% | 409 | 0.5% |
Asian: Chinese | 719 | 1.2% | 778 | 1.3% | 970 | 1.3% | 1,020 | 1.4% | 1,047 | 1.4% | 1,012 | 1.3% | 1,130 | 1.5% | 1,176 | 1.5% |
Asian: Any other Asian background | 903 | 1.5% | 963 | 1.6% | 1,284 | 1.7% | 1,264 | 1.7% | 1,300 | 1.7% | 1,372 | 1.8% | 1,489 | 1.9% | 1,603 | 2.1% |
Black / Black British: Total | 2,438 | 4.1% | 2,590 | 4.2% | 3,270 | 4.5% | 3,402 | 4.6% | 3,639 | 4.9% | 3,802 | 5.1% | 4,132 | 5.4% | 4,552 | 5.9% |
Black: Black Caribbean | 71 | 0.1% | 92 | 0.2% | 100 | 0.1% | 96 | 0.1% | 102 | 0.1% | 104 | 0.1% | 108 | 0.1% | 122 | 0.2% |
Black: Black African | 1,289 | 2.1% | 1,330 | 2.2% | 1,644 | 2.3% | 1,809 | 2.5% | 2,013 | 2.7% | 2,129 | 2.8% | 2,467 | 3.2% | 2,904 | 3.7% |
Black: Any other Black background | 1,078 | 1.8% | 1,168 | 1.9% | 1,526 | 2.1% | 1,497 | 2.0% | 1,524 | 2.0% | 1,569 | 2.1% | 1,557 | 2.0% | 1,526 | 2.0% |
Mixed / British Mixed | 2,996 | 5.0% | 3,147 | 5.1% | 3,931 | 5.4% | 4,055 | 5.5% | 4,189 | 5.6% | 4,281 | 5.7% | 4,459 | 5.8% | 4,553 | 5.9% |
Mixed: Black Caribbean
|
400 | 0.7% | 405 | 0.7% | 478 | 0.7% | 490 | 0.7% | 491 | 0.7% | 511 | 0.7% | 561 | 0.7% | 579 | 0.7% |
Mixed: Black African
|
527 | 0.9% | 523 | 0.9% | 655 | 0.9% | 682 | 0.9% | 675 | 0.9% | 705 | 0.9% | 733 | 1.0% | 724 | 0.9% |
Mixed: Asian
|
290 | 0.5% | 301 | 0.5% | 377 | 0.5% | 433 | 0.6% | 495 | 0.7% | 535 | 0.7% | 592 | 0.8% | 660 | 0.8% |
Mixed: Any other Mixed background
|
1,779 | 3.0% | 1,918 | 3.1% | 2,421 | 3.3% | 2,450 | 3.3% | 2,528 | 3.4% | 2,530 | 3.4% | 2,573 | 3.3% | 2,590 | 3.3% |
Any other ethnic group | 2,023 | 3.4% | 2,144 | 3.5% | 2,892 | 4.0% | 3,272 | 4.5% | 3,587 | 4.8% | 3,766 | 5.0% | 4,145 | 5.4% | 4,413 | 5.7% |
Unclassified | 419 | 0.7% | 446 | 0.7% | 503 | 0.7% | 505 | 0.7% | 581 | 0.8% | 732 | 1.0% | 865 | 1.1% | 879 | 1.1% |
Total: | 60,102 | 100% | 61,117 | 100% | 72,292 | 100% | 73,317 | 100% | 74,592 | 100% | 75,282 | 100% | 76,809 | 100% | 77,791 | 100% |
Major ethnic and national groups
The largest and most significant non-English ethnic and national groups in Liverpool are listed in alphabetical order below.
Afro-Caribbeans
Historically, and even today, the Afro-Caribbean population of Liverpool has been largely outnumbered by
Chinese
Liverpool is home to the oldest Chinese community in Europe.
Ghanaians
There is a strong presence of Ghanaians in Liverpool, with an estimated 9,000 individuals originating in the African nation living in the city.[30] Liverpool is a stronghold for overseas Ghanaian students; significant numbers study at the city's three universities, particularly Hope University. Hope works alongside the Ghanaian High Commission and has set up the 'High Value Scholarship for Ghana', which alongside the university's other scholarships has helped draw a large number of potential students from the African nation.[31]
Greeks
The Liverpool
Irish
Following the start of the Great Irish Famine, two million Irish people migrated to Liverpool in the space of one decade, many of them subsequently departing for the United States.[35] By 1851, more than 20% of the population of Liverpool was Irish.[36] At the 2001 Census, 0.75% of the population were born in the Republic of Ireland, while 0.54% were born in Northern Ireland,[37] but up to 50% of Liverpudlians are thought to have some form of Irish ancestry.
Italians
Significant numbers of Italians first arrived in Liverpool in the 19th century. The main reason for Italians coming to the city was to embark on a journey from the port of Liverpool to the 'New World' in hope of a better life than in their native Italy.[38] Despite this many failed to complete the journey and actually remained in Liverpool, the largest numbers settling on and around Scotland Road, which soon became nicknamed 'Little Italy'.[38] Currently, some 3,000 Italians reside in Liverpool, although little over 200 were actually born in Italy.[39][40] There is an Italian Consulate located on the west side of the Mersey in Birkenhead adjacent to the Queensway Tunnel.[41]
Latin Americans
Liverpool and the surrounding urban area is home to UK's largest Latin American community outside London.
Malaysians
The IOM has stated that around 9,000 Malaysians live in the city which makes it one of the largest such communities in the country.[48] They are the second largest East Asian group in Liverpool. There are also an estimated 1,500 Vietnamese residing in the city.[49]
Somalis
South Asians
Like most British cities, Liverpool has a strong presence of
The Indian presence in Liverpool dates back to 1860s, although these people only tended to be sailors and tradesmen.
Welsh
In 1813, 10% of Liverpool's population was Welsh, leading to the city becoming known as "the capital of North Wales".[11][56] 120,000 Welsh people migrated from Wales to Liverpool between 1851 and 1911.[57] At the 2001 Census, 1.17% of the population were Welsh-born.[37]
There are a number of people who use the Welsh language as their first language in Liverpool.[citation needed]
Yemenis
Liverpool, like several other port cities (such as
Zimbabweans
People originating in Zimbabwe are another large Black African group in Liverpool; they are thought to number no fewer than 3,000.[62]
- Detailed
The following table shows the 20 largest ethnic groups as identified by the residents of Liverpool in the 2021 census.[63]
Ethnicity | Population | % |
---|---|---|
1. White: English, Welsh, Scottish, Northern Irish or British | 375,766 | 77.30% |
2. Asian: Chinese | 8,841 | 1.82% |
3. Other: Arab
|
8,312 | 1.71% |
4. White: Irish | 6,826 | 1.40% |
5. Asian: Indian
|
6,251 | 1.29% |
6. Black: African unspecified
|
5,481 | 1.13% |
7. White: Polish
|
4,533 | 0.93% |
8. White: European Mixed | 4,450 | 0.92% |
9. Mixed: White and Black African | 4,157 | 0.86% |
10. Mixed: White and Black Caribbean | 4,127 | 0.85% |
11. Asian: Pakistani
|
3,673 | 0.76% |
12. Mixed: White and Asian | 3,662 | 0.75% |
13. Black: Nigerian
|
2,305 | 0.47% |
14. White: Romanian | 2,061 | 0.42% |
15. Other: Kurdish | 1,950 | 0.40% |
16. Asian: Bangladeshi | 1,917 | 0.39% |
17. Black: Black British
|
1,829 | 0.38% |
18. Black: Caribbean | 1,481 | 0.30% |
19. Mixed: Other Mixed | 1,392 | 0.29% |
20. White: Other White, White unspecified | 1,365 | 0.28% |
These detailed ethnicities are based on the self-designation entries used in UK ethnicity classifications. It is important to recognise that people of one ethnicity, such as Iranians, may identify within different broad ethnicity classifications which will affect this table. For example, 856 people identified as 'Asian: Iranian' in Liverpool, with a further 637 people identifying as 'Other: Iranian'. This combination would put Iranian as a top 20 ethnicity in Liverpool.
Country of birth
The country of birth of residents in Liverpool by year is shown below
Country of birth | 2001[64] | 2011[65] | 2021[66] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Europe | 426,196 | 97.0% | 435,790 | 93.4% | 442,189 | 91.0% |
United Kingdom | 418,679 | 95.3% | 420,290 | 90.1% | 413,636 | 85.1% |
England | 407,769 | 92.8% | 407,334 | 87.3% | 399,358 | 82.2% |
Scotland | 3,376 | 0.8% | 3,196 | 0.7% | 2,983 | 0.6% |
Wales | 5,133 | 1.2% | 4,771 | 1.0% | 5,638 | 1.2% |
Northern Ireland | 2,375 | 0.5% | 4,948 | 1.1% | 5,640 | 1.2% |
Great Britain (not otherwise specified) | – | – | 11 | 0.0% | 3 | 0.0% |
United Kingdom (not otherwise specified) | 26 | 0.0% | 30 | 0.0% | 14 | 0.0% |
Other Europe | 7,517 | 1.7% | 15,500 | 3.3% | 28,553 | 5.9% |
EU countries [note 5] | 6,035 | 1.4% | 13,901 | 3.0% | 25,503 | 5.2% |
EU Member Countries in March 2001 | 6,035 | 1.4% | 7,453 | 1.6% | 10,794 | 2.2% |
Ireland | 3,291 | 0.8% | 3,294 | 0.7% | 2,720 | 0.6% |
France | 389 | 0.1% | 512 | 0.1% | 578 | 0.1% |
Germany | 1,003 | 0.2% | 1,289 | 0.3% | 1,176 | 0.2% |
Italy | 240 | 0.1% | 489 | 0.1% | 1,973 | 0.4% |
Portugal (including Madeira and the Azores) | 76 | 0.0% | 250 | 0.1% | 803 | 0.2% |
Spain (including Canary Islands | 286 | 0.1% | 610 | 0.1% | 1,731 | 0.4% |
Other EU member countries in March 2001 | 750 | 0.2% | 1,009 | 0.2% | 1,813 | 0.4% |
EU Countries that joined March 2001-March 2011 | – | – | 6,448 | 1.4% | 14,649 | 3.0% |
Lithuania | – | – | 531 | 0.1% | 1,024 | 0.2% |
Poland | 131 | 0.0% | 3,531 | 0.8% | 5,652 | 1.2% |
Romania | 41 | 0.0% | 246 | 0.1% | 3,493 | 0.7% |
Other Countries that joined the EU March 2001-March 2011 | – | – | 2,140 | 0.5% | 4,480 | 0.9% |
EU Countries that joined March 2011-March 2021 | – | – | – | – | 60 | 0.0% |
Croatia | – | – | – | – | 60 | 0.0% |
Rest of Europe | – | – | 1,237 [note 6] | 0.3% | 3,050 | 0.6% |
Turkey | 162 | 0.0% | 354 | 0.1% | 815 | 0.2% |
Other Rest of Europe | – | – | 883 | 0.2% | 2,235 | 0.5% |
Africa | 3,311 | 0.8% | 8,886 | 1.9% | 11,145 | 2.3% |
North Africa | 513 | 0.1% | 1,227 | 0.3% | 2,550 | 0.5% |
Central and Western Africa | 970 | 0.2% | 3,374 | 0.7% | 4,323 | 0.9% |
Ghana | – | – | 479 | 0.1% | 570 | 0.1% |
Nigeria | 579 | 0.1% | 1,951 | 0.4% | 2,545 | 0.5% |
Other Central and Western Africa | 391 | 0.1% | 944 | 0.2% | 1,208 | 0.2% |
South and Eastern Africa | 1,828 | 0.4% | 4,239 | 0.9% | 4,251 | 0.9% |
Kenya | 167 | 0.0% | 387 | 0.1% | 266 | 0.1% |
Somalia | 678 | 0.2% | 1,249 | 0.3% | 1,072 | 0.2% |
South Africa | 363 | 0.1% | 593 | 0.1% | 575 | 0.1% |
Zimbabwe | 148 | 0.0% | 1,070 | 0.2% | 809 | 0.2% |
Other South and Eastern Africa | 472 | 0.1% | 940 | 0.2% | 1,529 | 0.3% |
Middle East and Asia | 9,480 | 2.2% | 18,747 | 4.0% | 26,360 | 5.4% |
Middle East | 1,641 | 0.4% | 5,416 | 1.2% | 9,428 | 1.9% |
Iran | 234 | 0.1% | 763 | 0.2% | 1,927 | 0.4% |
Iraq | 335 | 0.1% | – | – | 1,978 | 0.4% |
Other Middle East | 1,072 | 0.2% | 4,653 | 1.0% | 5,523 | 1.1% |
Eastern Asia | – | – | 5,810 | 1.2% | 6,328 | 1.3% |
China | 1,542 | 0.4% | 4,640 | 1.0% | 4,775 | 1.0% |
Hong Kong | 1,228 | 0.3% | 926 | 0.2% | 1,237 | 0.3% |
Other Eastern Asia | – | – | 244 | 0.1% | 316 | 0.1% |
Southern Asia | 1,948 | 0.4% | 5,480 | 1.2% | 7,966 | 1.6% |
Afghanistan | 40 | 0.0% | – | – | 410 | 0.1% |
Bangladesh | 310 | 0.1% | 552 | 0.1% | 835 | 0.2% |
India | 992 | 0.2% | 3,082 | 0.7% | 3,592 | 0.7% |
Pakistan | 387 | 0.1% | 1,023 | 0.2% | 1,752 | 0.4% |
Sri Lanka | 207 | 0.0% | 575 | 0.1% | 1,185 | 0.2% |
Other Southern Asia | 12 | 0.0% | 248 | 0.1% | 192 | 0.0% |
South-East Asia | – | – | 2,012 | 0.4% | 2,592 | 0.5% |
Malaysia | 378 | 0.1% | – | – | 595 | 0.1% |
Philippines | – | – | 580 | 0.1% | 875 | 0.2% |
Singapore | 144 | 0.0% | – | – | 171 | 0.0% |
Other South-East Asia | – | – | 1,432 | 0.3% | 951 | 0.2% |
Central Asia | 14 | 0.0% | 29 | 0.0% | 46 | 0.0% |
The Americas and the Caribbean | 1,510 | 0.3% | 2,410 | 0.5% | 5,766 | 1.2% |
North America | 737 | 0.2% | 1,104 | 0.2% | 1,426 | 0.3% |
United States | 435 | 0.1% | 726 | 0.2% | 1,050 | 0.2% |
Canada | 245 | 0.1% | – | – | 310 | 0.1% |
Other North America | 57 | 0.0% | 378 | 0.1% | 66 | 0.0% |
Central America | – | – | 136 | 0.0% | 279 | 0.1% |
South America | 284 | 0.1% | 506 | 0.1% | 3,555 | 0.7% |
The Caribbean | 489 | 0.1% | 664 | 0.1% | 506 | 0.1% |
Jamaica | 202 | 0.0% | 239 | 0.1% | 173 | 0.0% |
Other Caribbean | 287 | 0.1% | 425 | 0.1% | 333 | 0.1% |
Antarctica and Oceania | 418 | 0.1% | 581 | 0.1% | 628 | 0.1% |
Australia | 267 | 0.1% | 383 | 0.1% | 431 | 0.1% |
New Zealand | 107 | 0.0% | – | – | 146 | 0.0% |
Other Antarctica and Oceania | 22 | 0.0% | 198 | 0.0% | 51 | 0.0% |
Other | 221 | 0.1% | 1 | 0.0% | 2 | 0.0% |
Total | 439,473 | 100% | 466,415 | 100% | 486,090 | 100% |
Languages
The most common main languages spoken in Liverpool according to the 2021 census are shown below.[67]
Rank | Language | Usual residents aged 3+ | Proportion |
---|---|---|---|
1 | English | 425,452 | 90.44% |
2 | Arabic |
5,743 | 1.22% |
3 | Polish | 4,809 | 1.02% |
4 | All other Chinese[note 7] | 3,326 | 0.71% |
5 | Portuguese | 3,283 | 0.70% |
6 | Romanian | 3,063 | 0.65% |
7 | Spanish | 2,145 | 0.46% |
8 | Kurdish | 2,084 | 0.44% |
9 | Persian/Farsi | 1,460 | 0.31% |
10 | Italian | 1,429 | 0.30% |
11 | Cantonese |
1,202 | 0.26% |
12 | Tamil | 1,039 | 0.22% |
13 | Malayalam |
853 | 0.18% |
14 | Greek | 800 | 0.17% |
15 | Hungarian | 795 | 0.17% |
16 | Czech | 734 | 0.16% |
17 | Urdu |
717 | 0.15% |
=18 | Lithuanian | 698 | 0.15% |
=18 | Turkish | 698 | 0.15% |
20 | Bulgarian | 694 | 0.15% |
– | Other | 9,415 | 2.00% |
Population | 470,439 | 100.00% |
Religion
Overview
Due to thousands of migrants and sailors passing through Liverpool over the centuries, the city now has a religious diversity which is reflected in its equally diverse collection of religious buildings. At the time of the 2001 census, 79.5% of the city's population were Christian, 1.4% were Muslim, 0.6% were Jewish, 0.3% were Buddhist, 0.3% were Hindu, and 0.1% were Sikh. Just over 0.1% of individuals collectively belonged to other faiths whilst 9.7% claimed to be non-religious and 8.1% opted not to reveal their religion.[68]
- Census data
Religion | 2001[69] | 2011[70] | 2021[71] | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
Buddhism | 1,198 | 0.27% | 2,017 | 0.43% | 2,128 | 0.44% |
Christianity
|
349,279 | 79.48% | 331,217 | 71.01% | 278,330 | 57.26% |
Hinduism | 1,147 | 0.26% | 2,437 | 0.52% | 3,802 | 0.78% |
Islam | 5,945 | 1.35% | 15,209 | 3.26% | 25,756 | 5.30% |
Judaism
|
2,698 | 0.61% | 2,157 | 0.46% | 1,807 | 0.37% |
No Religion | 42,515 | 9.67% | 82,701 | 17.73% | 142,994 | 29.42% |
Sikhism | 404 | 0.09% | 531 | 0.11% | 641 | 0.13% |
Other Religion | 556 | 0.13% | 1,122 | 0.24% | 1,991 | 0.41% |
Undeclared | 35,731 | 8.13% | 29,024 | 6.22% | 28,639 | 5.89% |
Total | 439,473 | 100% | 466,415 | 100% | 486,088 | 100% |
Per the above table, note that the census question regarding religion was first asked in 2001 and response is voluntary.
Christianity
The parish church of Liverpool is the
Liverpool's wealth as a port city enabled the construction of two enormous cathedrals, both dating from the 20th century. The Anglican Cathedral, which was designed by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott and plays host to the annual Liverpool Shakespeare Festival, is the fifth largest cathedral in the world. The Catholic Metropolitan Cathedral was initially planned to be even larger. Designed by Sir Edwin Lutyens, only the crypt was completed. The cathedral was eventually built to a simpler design by Sir Frederick Gibberd; while this is on a smaller scale than Lutyens' original design, it boasts the largest panel of stained glass in the world. The road running between the two cathedrals is called Hope Street, a coincidence which is often commented on positively by both Anglicans and Catholics.
Islam
Liverpool had one of the earliest mosques in Britain, founded in 1887 by
Judaism
Records of Liverpool's Jewish community date back to the 1750s,[76] and it became the largest Jewish community in northern England during the 1800s.[77] It is believed that Jewish refugees were welcomed and accepted much more easily than in most other English cities, prompting them to encourage their descendants to remain in the city for generations.[77] The Jewish population reached up to 11,000 in the past, but this dwindled due to the common practice of moving elsewhere for work, and the current number is around 3,000.[77] Most Jews reside in the southern areas of the city, primarily in the suburbs of Allerton and Childwall, each of which has its own Orthodox synagogue.[77]
The most notable synagogue is the Orthodox
Notable Liverpudlian Jews include entrepreneur Brian Epstein, who managed the Beatles;[86] actor Jason Isaacs, whose great-grandparents co-founded the Jewish community in Childwall;[87] businessman David Lewis, who founded the Lewis's department store chain and left much money after his death for the construction of what would become some of the city's most important hospitals and philanthropic institutions;[88] Lewis's chairman Harold Cohen, who funded the construction of the University of Liverpool's Harold Cohen Library;[77] and rabbi Isser Yehuda Unterman, who was Chief Rabbi of Liverpool for 22 years before becoming Chief Rabbi of Israel.[89]
Buddhism
The Duldzin Buddhist Centre and Kadampa Meditation Centre is located in the Aigburth suburb and focuses on Kadampa Buddhism.[79]
Hinduism
Liverpool's
Sikhism
Liverpool has a gurdwara in the Wavertree district.[79]
Notes
- ^ a b New category created for the 2011 census
- ^ New category created for the 2021 census
- ^ In 2001, listed under the 'Chinese or other ethnic group' heading.
- ^ Before this school year, ethnicity was only recorded for compulsory school age children. This means the numbers from the previous two years are not comparable with this year as well as following years- percentage should be used as a more accurate comparison if needed
- ^ Figure accounts for the EU countries at the time of that census. For example, in the figure 2001 the count for Poland is not included as it had not yet joined the union.
- ^ Includes individuals born in Croatia, as Croatia was not an EU member state in March 2011
- ^ Chinese languages other than Mandarin and Cantonese
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