Taurida Governorate

Coordinates: 44°56′53″N 34°06′15″E / 44.9481°N 34.1042°E / 44.9481; 34.1042
Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

Taurida Governorate
Таврическая губерния
Governorate
Coat of arms of Taurida Governorate
Coat of arms
Location in the Russian Empire
Location in the Russian Empire
CountryRussian Empire
Established1802
Abolished1918
CapitalSimferopol
Area
 • Total63,538 km2 (24,532 sq mi)
Highest elevation
(Roman-Kosh)
1,545 m (5,069 ft)
Population
 (1897)
 • Total1,447,790
 • Density23/km2 (59/sq mi)
 • Urban
19.98%
 • Rural
80.02%
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"Tamga" symbol of the Crimean Tatar Gerae family
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Taurida Governorate

Taurida (Greek
: Ταυρική), a historical name for Crimea.

Today the territory of the governorate is part of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Kherson and Zaporizhzhia Oblasts of Ukraine, which were annexed by Russia but remain internationally recognized as part of Ukraine.[2][3][4]

History

Further information: History of Crimea

In 1783, the

Russia. Soon after, Taurida Oblast was established. During the reign of Paul I the oblast was abolished, but in 1802 re-established as a governorate
(guberniya). It was a part of the Russian Empire until the Russian Revolution of 1918.

Following the 1917

Donetsk-Krivoi Rog Soviet Republic before being overrun by the forces of the Ukrainian People's Republic with military assistance from the German Empire
.

Geography

The governorate bordered

Strait of Kerch bordered the Free lands of the Don Cossacks. It has natural borders, being surrounded by the waters of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov
.

The mainland and the peninsular parts of the region differ significantly. The total area of the governorate was 63,538 km2 (24,532 sq mi) of which the mainland portion consisted of 38,405 km2 (14,828 sq mi) and is largely

Berdyansk, and Melitopol on the mainland.[1]

Administrative divisions

Taurida Governorate Map

The governorate comprised three counties (

uyezds
) on the mainland:

and five counties and two city authorities (gradonachalstvo) on the peninsula:

Before 1820 the governorate consisted of seven counties, including Tmutarakan county on the Taman Peninsula on the eastern side of the Kerch Strait. The Yalta and Berdyansk counties formed later. From 1804 to 1829 there also existed the gradonachalstvo of Feodosiya; and in 1914 Yalta county became the gradonachalstvo of Yalta.

In December 1917 the

governorate split, with most of the peninsula forming the Crimean People's Republic (1917-1918), while the rest remained in qn undefined status including the city of Sevastopol, which remained the main naval base of the Black Sea Fleet of the Russian Republic
. The mainland counties were declared part of the Ukrainian People's Republic, yet remained under the effective jurisdiction of the Taurida Governorate.

On November 20, [

Chernigov Governorate, Poltava Governorate, Kharkov Governorate, Yekaterinoslav Governorate, Kherson Governorate and Taurida Governorate (not including Crimea
).

After occupation of Ukraine by Bolsheviks during the Ukrainian–Soviet War, the Taurida Governorate became finally split between Russian soviet republics of the Donetsk-Krivoi Rog Soviet Republic and Taurida Socialist Republic of Soviets.

Language

uyezds
(povits) of Taurida in 1897. Ukrainians in yellow, Russians in red, Crimean Tatars in green, Germans in gray, Yiddish speakers in blue, and others in purple. (in Ukrainian)

The Imperial census of 1897

governorate
consisted of 1,447,790, with 762,804 male and 684,986 female.

Language Number Percentage (%)
Ukrainian 611,121 42.21
Russian 404,463 27.94
Belarusian 9,726 0.67
Polish 10,112 0.70
Czech[6] 1,962 0.14
Bulgarian 41,260 2.85
Romanian[7] 2,259 0.16
Italian 1,121 0.08
German 78,305 5.41
Roma
 1,433 0.10
Yiddish
 55,418 3.83
Greek 18,048 1.25
Armenian
 8,938 0.62
Estonian 2,210 0.15
Tatar 196,854 13.60
Turkish 2,197 0.15
Persons
that did not identify
their native language 		71 <0.01
Other[8] 2,292 0.16

In 1897 289,316 people lived in the cities, constituting 19.98% of the total population. The ethnicities of the urban population were Russians (49.1%), Tatars (17.16%), and Jews (11.84%), with only 31 people living in cities who chose not to disclose their identity.

Religion

By the Imperial census of 1897

Atheists
).

Religion Number Percentage (%)
Eastern Orthodox
 1,069,556 73.88
Magometians (Muslims) 190,800 13.18
Rabbinic Jews (including Subbotniks
) 		60,752 4.20
Lutherans
 42,654 2.95
Roman Catholics
 29,393 2.03
Mennonites 25,508 1.76
Old Believers 13,724 0.95
Armenian-Gregorians
 7,494 0.52
Karaite Jews 6,166 0.43
Armenian-Catholics
 1,206 0.08
Other
Anglicans, Baptists
, others) 		537 0.04

Notes

  1. pre-reform orthography: Таври́ческая губе́рнія, romanized: Tavrícheskaya gubérniya
  2. Ukrainian: Таврі́йська губе́рнія, romanized: Tavríisʼka hubérniia
  3. Crimean Tatar
: Таврида губерниясы, romanized: Tavrida guberniyası

References

  1. ^ a b Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Taurida" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 26 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 455.
  2. ^ Gutterman, Steve. "Putin signs Crimea treaty, will not seize other Ukraine regions". Reuters.com. Retrieved March 26, 2014.
  3. ^ Ukraine crisis timeline, BBC News
  4. ^ UN General Assembly adopts resolution affirming Ukraine's territorial integrity, China Central Television (28 March 2014)
  5. ^ Language Statistics of 1897 (in Russian)
  6. ^ including Slovakian language
  7. ^ including Moldavian language
  8. ^ languages, number of speakers which in all gubernia were less than 1,000
  9. ^ Religion Statistics of 1897 (in Russian)
  10. ^ Religions, number of believers which in all gubernia were less than 1,000

Further reading

External links

44°56′53″N 34°06′15″E / 44.9481°N 34.1042°E / 44.9481; 34.1042

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