Romanian Air Force
Romanian Air Force | |
---|---|
Forțele Aeriene Române | |
C-27J Spartan, IAR 330L/M Puma |
The Romanian Air Force (RoAF) (Romanian: Forțele Aeriene Române) is the air force branch of the Romanian Armed Forces. It has an air force headquarters, an operational command, five airbases and an air defense brigade. Reserve forces include one air base and three airfields.
In 2022, the Romanian Air Force employed 11,700 personnel.[4]
Current state
Currently, the Romanian Air Force operates the
Due to the old age of the MiGs, the Romanian Air Force procured fighters from partner states. In 2013, Romania signed a contract with Portugal for 12 F-16 A/B Block 15 MLU fighters.[6] Under the Peace Carpathian program, the first six fighters entered service with the Romanian Air Force in September 2016, another three have been delivered in November and the last three have entered service in 2017. Romania signed a contract in 2019 with Portugal for another 5 F-16 A/B Block 15 MLU fighters, which were delivered until March 2021.[7][8]
Another contract, announced in December 2021,[9] for an additional 32 F-16s was signed with Norway for €388 million. The first delivery of Norwegian F-16s is set for 2023, while a second delivery is set for 2024. Under the contract, the F-16s will undergo the modification to the M6.5.2 Romanian configuration with US support before delivery. Kongsberg Aviation Maintenance Services will provide support, maintenance and training of Romanian technical personnel.[10][11]
On 2 February 2022, the President of Romania stated its intent to purchase the
On 23 May, the MiG-21 LanceRs resumed flights after being suspended on 15 April 2022. The LanceR will continue to fly for a period of one year, until 15 May 2023 after which they will be replaced by the F-16s purchased from Norway.[14]
In July 2023, following a CSAT meeting, the plan of hosting an F-16 training center in Romania was approved. The aim is for this center to become a regional training hub for Romanian and other allied fighter pilots, including Ukrainians.[15] To support this decision, an international coalition of 11 nations (Denmark, the Netherlands, Belgium, Canada, Luxembourg, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden and the United Kingdom),[16] as well as Ukraine was formed during the 2023 Vilnius summit. Lockheed Martin and its subcontractor Draken International will also support the project. As part of this initiative, Romania is providing the necessary infrastructure of the 86th Air Base, the Netherlands is to provide the F-16 aircraft, and Draken International will provide the instructors and technicians. The center will become operational at the end of the year, however, training might start at the beginning of 2024 according to Ray Piselli, vice president at Lockheed Martin Global.[17][18]
The current chief of the Romanian Air Force Staff, succeeding
History
Beginnings
In 1818, during the reign of John Caradja, the prince of Wallachia, an unmanned hot air balloon was flown off Dealul Spirii in Bucharest.[19] On 2 July [O.S. 20 June] 1874, Marius Willemot, the owner of the hydrogen balloon named "Mihai Bravul" flew together with Majors Iacob Lahovary, Constantin Poenaru and Dumitrescu over Bucharest. The last flight took place on 19 [O.S. 7 July] 1874, Willemot flying together with Colonel Nicolae Haralambie, Ion Ghica and a third person. The balloon had made its first flight at Paris on 27 March of the same year.[20]
On 20 November 1909, the
Guillemin was succeeded by Michel-Paul Molla who made the first flight across Bucharest on 7 September 1910. Molla was succeeded by two others before the school closed in late 1912 due to financial difficulties, having trained six officers, but only licensed two.[21]
In November 1909, the Romanian Minister of War commissioned
World War I
On the eve of Romania's entrance into the war in August 1916, only 24 out of the 44 aircraft that had been imported and assembled at RGA were available. Another 20 aircraft were provided by the flight schools. The total of 44 aircraft included: 10 Bristol T.B.8, 7 Bristol Coanda Monoplanes, 5 Blériot XI, 4 Farman HF.20, 8 Farman MF.7 and MF.11, 4 Voisin III, 4 Morane-Saulnier monoplanes, 1 Caudron G.3 and 1 Aviatik C.I.[27][28][29][a] Added to these were two native-made monoplanes designed by Aurel Vlaicu.[30] One of the Vlaicu monoplanes, A Vlaicu II, crashed in 1913, while the A Vlaicu I was retired in 1914, leaving A Vlaicu III as the sole Romanian-made aircraft in the Romanian Air Corps.[31]
During
World War II
When Romania, allied with
In the aftermath of
Cold War
Starting in 1948, Romania tailored its military to Soviet concepts and doctrine. On 15 February 1949, the
Starting in 1974, Romanian-made aircraft supplemented the already existing jets. The Romanian
In 1962, the first helicopter subunits were established and followed later on, in 1965, by the first Soviet Mi-2 and Mi-4 helicopters. From 1968, Mi-8 helicopters will also enter service.[37] Renewing the aircraft fleet process went on with the first 2 MiG-23s arriving on 23 January 1979.[38]
On 14 May 1981, at 20:16, the Soviet
Post-1990
In 1990, the last
Due to financial constraints, being unable to purchase new fighers, the Romanian Air Force decided to invest in the upgrade of the MiG-21 fighters. Following a competition between several companies, the
The Romanian MiG-29 fleet was also intended to undergo modernization under a project named "
Following its entry into the Partnership for Peace program in 1994, Romania started cooperating with other countries with the goal of eventually joining NATO. For this, Romanian Air Force aircraft participated in many local or abroad exercises and airshows. Before joining NATO, the 86th Group at Borcea started to convert into a NATO compatible unit by making improvements to the base's infrastructure, allowing its pilots to fly a fair amount of training hours and work according to NATO procedures.[40]
During the period of reorganization, starting from the year 2000, other aircraft models such as the
In the spring of 2009, the Romanian government decided to purchase
In February 2010, the
2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine
On the starting day of the
On 2 March 2022, a MiG-21 LanceR was lost while on an air patrol inside Romanian airspace near Cogealac, 60 miles from the Ukrainian border. This "occurred amid increased air police missions in Romania after the Russian invasion of Ukraine." An IAR 330 on a search and rescue mission for the missing MiG-21 crashed with seven fatalities.[55][56] The eight servicemen who died in the two accidents were posthumously promoted and decorated by the president of Romania.[57] Shortly after, fake news claiming that the Romanian MiG was shot down by Ukrainian S-300 missile systems appeared. These claims were officially refuted.[58] The preliminary analysis published on 23 March showed that the crashes occurred due to human and environmental factors.[59]
As of 13 December 2022, Romanian Air Force and allied aircraft took part in more than 150
International deployments
2007 Baltic Air Policing
Four MiG-21 LanceR Cs were deployed from August–November 2007 at
The four aircraft and most of the staff came from the 71st Air Base. A total of 67 personnel, among them nine pilots, were part of the detachment: 63 served at Šiauliai, while other four served at the air traffic control centre in Kaunas, to ensure smooth cooperation with local authorities. The Romanian detachment attracted attention from the local media, not least from the fact that it was only the second time a Soviet-era jet fighter was deployed to Šiauliai (Polish Air Force MiG-29s had been deployed there first in 2006).[62]
2019–2020 mission to Mali
From October 2019 to November 2020, the Carpathian Pumas detachment of the 572nd Helicopter Squadron was deployed to
One IAR 330 was damaged in August 2020. It was located at the Douentza base when the helicopter was overturned by a storm. No injuries occurred as a result of the accident.[65]
2023 Baltic Air Policing
In November 2022, it was announced that Romanian F-16s were to participate in the Baltic Air Policing missions between April and July 2023.[66] The Carpathian Vipers detachment was established 14 March 2023. It was formed by four F-16 and 100 servicemen primarily from the 53rd Fighter Squadron of the 86th Air Base, and was led by Commander Cosmin Vlad.[67][68] The Romanian detachment was deployed together with a Portuguese detachment, taking over the Baltic Air Policing mission from the previous French and Polish detachments.[69]
The deployment ended on 31 July, with the Romanian F-16s being succeeded by a detachment of Italian Eurofighter Typhoons.[70] The repatriation ceremony for the personnel took place on 8 August at the 86th Air Base.[71] Between April and July, the Romanian fighters intercepted over 60 Russian aircraft and participated in various multinational exercises totaling 600 fight hours.[72]
Structure
Air Force General Staff
The Romanian Air Force General Staff represents the military concept-developing, command and executive structure providing Air Forces peacetime, crisis and wartime leadership in order to reach, maintain and increase, as required, the
Generate, mobilize, structure, equip, operationalize and regenerate the required forces, provide the logistic support necessary to conduct military operations and based on higher orders, take over both the Joint Operation Air Component and independent air operations command and control, through the Main Air Operational Center. Starting with 1 July 2010, the Romanian Air Force bases were renamed to Air Flotillas.[73] The names were kept until 1 December 2013, when they were changed back to Air Bases.[74]
Units
The current structure of the Romanian Air Force is as follows:[75]
- 57th Air Base "Mihail Kogălniceanu"
- 57th Air Base, at Constanța – Mihail Kogălniceanu IAP
- 572nd Helicopter Squadron, with IAR 330 L-RM (MEDEVAC)
- 57th Air Base, at Constanța – Mihail Kogălniceanu IAP
- 71st Air Base "General Emanoil Ionescu"
- 71st Air Base, Câmpia Turzii military airfield
- 48th Fighter Squadron, with F-16AM/BM Block 15 MLU[76]
- 713th Combat Helicopter Squadron, with IAR 330 SOCAT
- 715th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion[77]
- 71st Air Base annex, at Timișoara – Giarmata IAP
- 712th Helicopter Squadron, with IAR 330L/M (MEDEVAC)
- 71st Air Base, Câmpia Turzii military airfield
- 86th Air Base "Locotenent Aviator Gheorghe Mociorniță"
- 86th Air Base, in Fetești – Borcea military airfield
- 53rd Fighter Squadron, with F-16AM/BM Block 15 MLU
- 864th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion[77]
- 86th Air Base, in Fetești – Borcea military airfield
- 90th Airlift Base "Comandor Aviator Gheorghe Bănciulescu"
- Bucharest – Otopeni IAP
- 901st Tactical Air Transport Squadron, with C-130B/H Hercules
- 902nd Operational Air Transport and Aerophotogrametric Squadron, with C-27J Spartan and An-30
- 903rd Transport Helicopter Squadron, with IAR 330L/M
- 905th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion[77]
- 901st Tactical Air Transport Squadron, with
- 95th Air Base "Erou Căpitan Aviator Alexandru Șerbănescu"
- 95th Air Base, at Bacău IAP
- 951st Advanced Air Training Squadron, with IAR 99 Șoim
- 952nd Combat Helicopter Squadron, with IAR 330 SOCAT
- 954th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Battalion[77]
- 95th Air Base, at Bacău IAP
- 70th Engineering Centre "General-maior Gheorghe Teodorescu", in Pantelimon[78]
- Air Force EOD Group[79]
- 85th Air Signals and IT Centre "General Doroftei Ghermănescu", in Bucharest[80]
- 74th Patriot Regiment, in Mihai Bravu[81]
- 1st Battalion[82]
- 1st Surface-to-air Missile Brigade "General Nicolae Dăscălescu", in Chitila[83]
- 111st Surface-to-air Missile Battalion "Voievodul Mihai", in Boteni[84]
- 112nd Surface-to-air Missile Battalion, in Bucșani[85]
- 113th Surface-to-air Missile Battalion "Codrii Vlăsiei", in Ghimpați[86]
- 114th Surface-to-air Missile Battalion "Șoimii Bărăganului", in Adâncata[87]
- 5th Surface-to-air Missile Battalion "Horea", in Vâlcele[88]
- 7th Hawk Battalion
- 8th Technical Battalion
- 76th Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance Brigade "Dacia", in Moara Vlăsiei[89][90]
- 1st Airspace Surveillance Group "General Neculai Iordache", at 86th Air Base, in Fetești[91]
- 2nd Airspace Surveillance Group "General Pompiliu Ionescu", at 95th Air Base, in Bacău
- 3rd Airspace Surveillance Group "General Vasile Mihalache", at 71st Air Base, in Câmpia Turzii
- 4th Electronic Warfare Group "Locotenent-colonel Mihai Cană", in Domnești[92]
- 91st Logistic Base "General Aviator Andrei Popovici", in Otopeni
- 210th Support Group "General de divizie Ioan Macri", in Bucharest[96]
- Air Component Command "General comandant aviator Ermil Gheorghiu", in Balotești[97]
- Air Operations Centre, in Balotești, reports to the NATO Integrated Air Defense System CAOC Torrejón[98][99]
- Air Force Academy "Henri Coandă", in Brașov
- Air Force Personnel Training and Formation Air Base
- Air Force Application School "Aurel Vlaicu", Boboc military airfield
- 1st Air Training Squadron AI-A Phase, with IAK-52 and IAR 316B
- 2nd Air Training Squadron AII-A Phase, with IAR 99 Standard
- Air Force NCO and Specialists School "Traian Vuia", Boboc military airfield
- Air Force Application School "Aurel Vlaicu", Boboc military airfield
- Combat Search and Rescue Detachment (DCSL)[102]
- Capu Midia Air Defense Training School "Brigadier General Ion Bungescu"
- Military College "Mihai Viteazul", in Alba Iulia[103]
- National Museum of Romanian Aviation
Reserve air bases
- Giarmata Airport
Capu Midia Training Range
The Capu Midia
Equipment
Aircraft
Aircraft | Origin | Type | Variant | In service | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Combat Aircraft | ||||||
F-16 Fighting Falcon | United States | multirole | F-16AM/BM | 23[104][105][76] | 26 surplus Norwegian units on order[106][107]
4 used for conversion training[104][105] | |
Reconnaissance | ||||||
Antonov An-30 | Soviet Union | surveillance | 2[104] | |||
Transport | ||||||
Antonov An-26 | Soviet Union | transport | 1[104] | |||
C-27J Spartan | Italy | transport | 7[104] | |||
C-130 Hercules | United States | tactical airlifter | C-130B | 8[108] | 4 are H variants[104] | |
Helicopters
| ||||||
IAR 330 | Romania | utility / transport | 57[104] | 22 SOCAT used in a gunship role | ||
Trainer Aircraft
| ||||||
IAR 99 | Romania | jet trainer | 21[109] | |||
IAR 316 | Romania | trainer / utility | 7[104] | Licensed built SA316B | ||
Yakovlev Yak-52 | Romania | trainer | 14[104] | |||
UAV | ||||||
RQ-7 Shadow | United States | surveillance | Shadow 600 | 7[110] | 11 initially, 4 crashed (1 in country, 3 in Iraq). |
Note: Three
Air Defense
The Romanian Air Force also has several anti-aircraft systems:[113]
Name | Origin | Type | In service | Notes | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SAM | ||||||
MIM-104 Patriot | United States | SAM system | 4 batteries[114] | |||
MIM-23 Hawk | United States | SAM system | 8 batteries[113][115] | |||
Air Defence Artillery | ||||||
S-60 57mm | Soviet Union | Mobile anti-aircraft | Towed gun[116] | |||
Radars
| ||||||
P-14 | Soviet Union | Radar | 2D VHF radar[117] | |||
P-18 | Soviet Union | Radar | 2-dimensional air search radar[118] | |||
P-37 (radar) | Soviet Union | Radar | E band/F band 2D radar[119] | |||
PRV-13 | Soviet Union | Radar | Radar altimeter[120] | |||
AN/TPS-79(R) | United States | 3D radar | 17 | Medium range 3D radar- co-produced in Romania[121][122] | ||
AN/FPS-117 | United States | 3D radar | (5) FPS-117 / (7) TPS-77[123][124][125][126][127] | Long-range 3D radar |
Note: Additionally, five WSR-98D radars owned by the National Meteorological Administration are used for both civilian and military purposes[100][128]
Aircraft markings
The Romanian
-
Roundel used for aircraft and vehicles from 1912 to 1941, 1944 to 1950 and since 1984
-
Roundel used during WWI. French markings were overpainted with yellow to match the Romanian national colors.
-
Roundel seen in 1916, appearing on some aircraft.
-
Marking used byRomanian Royal Air Force, and Romanian Royal Army from 1 May 1941 to 3 September 1944
-
Romanian Roundel used from 1949[129] to 1984
Ranks and insignia
- Officers
NATO code | OF-10 | OF-9 | OF-8 | OF-7 | OF-6 | OF-5 | OF-4 | OF-3 | OF-2 | OF-1 | OF(D) | Student officer | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Romanian Air Force[130] |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Mareșal | General | General-locotenent | General-maior | General de flotilă aeriană | Comandor | Căpitan-comandor | Locotenent-comandor | Căpitan | Locotenent | Sublocotenent |
- Enlisted
NATO code | OR-9 | OR-8 | OR-7 | OR-6 | OR-5 | OR-4 | OR-3 | OR-2 | OR-1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Romanian Air Force[130] |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Plutonier adjutant principal | Plutonier adjutant | Plutonier-major | Plutonier | Sergent-major | Sergent | Caporal clasa I | Caporal clasa a II-a | Caporal clasa a III-a | Fruntaș | Soldat |
See also
- Romanian Armed Forces
- Romanian Land Forces
- Romanian Naval Forces
- Romanian Naval Aviation
- Military aviation
References
Notes
- ^ Using the numbers and airplane types from the 3 sources gives that the 20 aircraft from the flight schools were the 10 Bristol TB 8, the 7 Bristol Coanda and 3 Farman HF 20.
Footnotes
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- ^ a b "Generalul-maior Leonard Baraboi este noul comandat al Forțelor Aeriene Române". Umbrela Strategică (in Romanian). 29 November 2023.
- ISBN 978-1032279008.
- ^ "Ultimele zboruri pentru aeronavele MiG-21 LanceR/ Ceremonii în mai multe baze aeriene din România". g4media.ro. 15 May 2023.
- ^ Cristian Fierbinteanu (11 October 2013). "România și Portugalia au semnat contractul de achiziţie a 12 avioane F-16. Primele avioane vor ajunge în ţară în 2016". Mediafax (in Romanian).
- ^ "Cinci ani de la intrarea oficială a avioanelor F-16 MLU în serviciul Forțelor Aeriene Române". RoAF (in Romanian).
- ^ "Carpathian Vipers". key.aero. 22 December 2016.
- ^ Dubois, Gastón (13 December 2021). "Romania wants to acquire 32 second-hand F-16 for US$ 514 million". aviacionline. Retrieved 13 February 2022.
- ^ "Norway signs F-16-contract with Romania". regjeringen.no (Norwegian Government). 4 November 2022.
- ^ "Procedura de atribuire a contractului pentru achiziția a 32 avioane F-16 din Norvegia a fost finalizată". mapn.ro - Ministerul Apărării Naționale (Ministry of National Defense) (in Romanian). 4 November 2022.
- ^ "Romania intends to buy F35 fighter jets - president". SeeNews. Archived from the original on 5 February 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
- ^ "România a aprobat planul de achiziție al F-35. Avioanele de generația a V-a, subiect principal în CSAT". Defense Romania (in Romanian). 11 April 2023.
- ^ "Zborurile MiG-21 LanceR, reluate pentru o perioadă de un an. Misiuni pentru menținerea antrenamentului piloților și poliție aeriană". Defense Romania (in Romanian). 24 May 2022.
- ^ "România devine oficial centru regional de F-16. Piloții români, ucraineni și aliați vor fi pregătiți aici". DefenseRomania (in Romanian). 6 July 2023.
- ^ "Group of 11 countries forms coalition for training Ukrainian pilots on F-16 fighters". Ukrainska Pravda. 11 July 2023.
- ^ "Centrul pentru pregătirea piloţilor de F-16 de la Feteşti, organizat de România, Olanda şi o companie americană". TVR (in Romanian). 14 July 2023.
- ^ "Șeful Armatei României: Hub-ul pentru F-16 va fi în primul rând pentru antrenarea piloților români. România pune la punct ultimele detalii, inclusiv cu implicarea Lockheed Martin". DefenseRomania (in Romanian). 15 July 2023.
- ^ Horia Salca. "Dr. Horia Salca". Archived from the original on 28 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
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- ^ Gheorghiu, 1960, p.101
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- ^ "Aviația Magazin Blog – Archive Momente din istoria aviației române (III) – Aviația Magazin". Aviația Magazin. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Momente din istoria aviatiei militare romane". 5 January 2013. Archived from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ Jozef Wilczynski, Technology in Comecon: Acceleration of Technological Progress Through Economic Planning and the Market, p. 243
- ^ Keith Hitchins, Clarendon Press, 1994, Rumania 1866–1947, p. 262
- ^ Ronald L. Tarnstrom, Trogen Books, 1998, Balkan Battles, p. 326
- ^ Avram, Valeriu; Armă, Alexandru (2018). Aeronautica română în Războiul de Întregire naţională 1916-1919 (in Romanian). Editura Vremea. p. 5.
- ^ William Green, John Fricker, MacDonald, 1958, The Air Forces of the World: Their History, Development, and Present Strength, p. 234
- ISBN 978-973-0-17209-6.
- ^ Green, 1971, p.25-26
- ^ Green, 1971, p.26
- ^ Bernád 2003, p. 22.
- ^ Paul Sandachi (2001). Aviația de luptă reactivă în România: 1951 - 2001 (in Romanian). Muzeul Aviației.
- ISBN 9781902339856.
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- ^ Petre Opris (12 October 2015). "Cum au ajuns avioanele sovietice MIG-23 in Romania si cum voia Ceausescu sa fabrice tancuri pentru pietele externe". HotNews (in Romanian).
- ^ Vlad Anton. "Un exponat unicat: MiG-29 Sniper". Historia (in Romanian).
- ^ a b c d e "Romanian Air Force". Scramble (NL). Archived from the original on 28 December 2005.
- ^ "MiG-21 LanceR A". Aripi Argintii (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 26 October 2018.
- ^ "MiG-ul 29 Sniper a ajuns la Berlin fara escala". Ziarul de Iași (in Romanian). 6 June 2000.
- ^ "Multinational team tackles Sniper upgrade project". FlightGlobal. 27 July 2000.
- ^ Tudor Curtifan (25 October 2021). "Armata României, după 30 de ani: De la MiG-29 la F-16. Ce s-a schimbat din 1989 până în prezent" (in Romanian).
- ^ "L-39ZA". Aripi Argintii (in Romanian). Archived from the original on 11 July 2017.
- ^ "Defense & Security Intelligence & Analysis: IHS Jane's – IHS". Archived from the original on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Cer Senin Magazine, nr. 3/2009, page 10" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 August 2011. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
- ^ "Defense under external pressure". Archived from the original on 25 December 2014. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ a b "Băsescu anunță locul unde vor fi amplasate în România rachetele americanilor. Ce spune primarul din Deveselu, chemat luni seară la Cotroceni să-și dea acordul". Gandul.info. Archived from the original on 28 July 2012. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
- ^ "Scutul american antirachetă din România a devenit operațional. Vezi imagini de afara și din interiorul bazei de la Deveselu". HotNews. Archived from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2016.
- ^ "Avion militar ucrainean, interceptat și aterizat la Bacău". Ministerul Apărării Naționale (in Romanian). 24 February 2022.
- ^ "Ce se întâmplă cu Su-27 ucrainean ajuns în România? Ucraina cere ca pilotul și avionul să se întoarcă în țară". DefenseRomania (in Romanian). 25 February 2022.
- ^ David Cenciotti (1 March 2022). "The Ukrainian Air Force Su-27 That Landed In Romania Flown Back To Ukraine". The Aviationist.
- ^ "Aeronava Suhoi 27 aparținând Forțelor Aeriene Ucrainene a părăsit spaţiul aerian al României". Ministerul Apărării Naționale (in Romanian). 1 March 2022.
- ^ Chirileasa, Andrei (2 March 2022). "Eight dead as Romanian MIG aircraft disappears in mission and helicopter sent to find it crashes". Romania-Insider. Retrieved 11 March 2022.
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- ^ "Cei opt militari care au căzut la datorie au fost înaintați în grad, post-mortem, și au fost decorați de Președintele României". Ministerul Apărării Naționale (in Romanian). 4 March 2022.
- ^ "Fake: Ukrainian Air Defense Shot Down Romanian MIG 21". StopFake. 12 March 2022.
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- ^ Air Forces Monthly, November 2007 issue, p.36.
- ^ Air Forces Monthly, November 2007 issue, p.37.
- ^ "Detașamentul de patru Elicoptere "Carpathian Pumas"". RoAF (in Romanian).
- ^ "Misiunea militarilor români din Mali s-a încheiat după 380 de misiuni". Mediafax (in Romanian). 22 October 2020.
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