Territories claimed by the Philippines
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The Philippines has claims on territories which include the Spratly Islands, portions of North Borneo, and the Scarborough Shoal.
Main territories claimed
South China Sea islands
The Philippine government claims Spratly Islands features locating within its EEZ in the South China Sea as part of its territory. The Philippine government' has designated its EEZ in the eastern portion of the South China Sea as the "West Philippine Sea".
Scarborough Shoal
The
The Philippines, the
In April 2012, the Philippines accused Chinese boats of fishing illegally and asked them to leave.
The Philippines is asserting jurisdiction over the shoal based on the juridical criteria established by public international law on the lawful methods for the acquisition of sovereignty. Among the criteria (effective occupation, cession, prescription, conquest, and accretion), the Philippines said that the country "exercised both effective occupation and effective jurisdiction over Bajo de Masinloc since its independence". Thus, it claims to have erected flags on some islands and a lighthouse which is reported to the
The legal basis of the Philippines' assertion is based on the international law on acquisition of sovereignty. Thus, the Philippine government explains that its Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) claim on the waters around Scarborough Shoal is different from the sovereignty exercised by the Philippines on the shoal itself.
The Chinese basis for the claim is that the shoal, according to China, was first discovered by Chinese in the 13th century and historically used by Chinese fishermen.
Spratly Islands
The Philippines claims fifty-two landforms in the Spratly Island group. Of these fifty-two landforms, only five islands, two cays, and three reefs are under Philippine occupation: the Flat Island (
The Philippines established a municipality in the province of Palawan named Kalayaan after all the landforms found on Pag-asa island,
North Borneo
Between 1658 and 1700, the
In its
Philippine President
See also
References
- ^ "Pinoy fishermen successfully return from Scarborough fishing trip". abs-cbd.com. Archived from the original on June 19, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
- ^ "Palace: Philippines has sovereignty over Scarborough". philstar.com. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
- ^ Mohamad, Kadir (2009). "Malaysia's territorial disputes – two cases at the ICJ : Batu Puteh, Middle Rocks and South Ledge (Malaysia/Singapore), Ligitan and Sipadan [and the Sabah claim] (Malaysia/Indonesia/Philippines)" (PDF). Institute of Diplomacy and Foreign Relations (IDFR) Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia. p. 46. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 16, 2016. Retrieved May 16, 2014.
Map of British North Borneo, highlighting in yellow colour the area covered by the Philippine claim, presented to the Court by the Philippines during the Oral Hearings at the ICJ on 25 June 2001
- ^ Rozan Yunos (September 21, 2008). "How Brunei lost its northern province". The Brunei Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2014. Retrieved October 28, 2013.
- ^ Rozan Yunos (March 7, 2013). "Sabah and the Sulu claims". The Brunei Times. Archived from the original on June 17, 2014. Retrieved September 20, 2013.
- ^ a b c "Why 'Sultan' is dreaming". Daily Express. March 27, 2013. Archived from the original on March 28, 2013. Retrieved March 27, 2013.
- ^ "Marcos order: Destabilize, take Sabah". Philippine Daily Inquirer. April 2, 2000. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
- ^ Acram Latiph (March 13, 2013). "Sabah – the question that won't go away". New Mandala. Archived from the original on September 23, 2016. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
- ^ Paul F. Whitman (2002). "The Corregidor Massacre - 1968". Corregidor Historic Society. Archived from the original on September 13, 2015. Retrieved September 13, 2015.
Further reading
- Lowell B. Bautista (2008). "The Historical Context and Legal Basis of the Philippine Treaty Limits" (PDF). Asian-Pacific Law & Policy Journal. 10 (1). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 11, 2010.
- Bautista, Lowell B. (February 2012). "The Implications of Recent Decisions on the Territorial and Maritime Boundary Disputes in East and Southeast Asia". maritime energy resources in asia Legal Regimes and Cooperation : NBR Special Report #37. Academia.edu.
- Bautista, Lowell B. (January 1, 2010). "The Legal Status of the Philippine Treaty Limits In International Law". Aegean Review of the Law of the Sea and Maritime Law. 1. Academia.edu: 111–139. S2CID 153653227.
- Bautista, Lowell B. (Fall 2009). "The Historical Background, Geographical Extent and Legal Bases of the Philippine Territorial Water Claim". The Journal of Comparative Asian Development. 8 (2): 365–395. S2CID 219624498.