Arab folk dances
(Redirected from
Arab dance
)
| Arab dance | |
|---|---|
| Medium | Razfah · Yowlah
|
| Originating culture | Arab culture |
| Part of a series on |
| Arabic culture |
|---|
 |
Arab folk dances (
Middle-Eastern dance and Eastern dance, are the traditional folk dances of the Arabs in Arab world. Arab dance has many different styles, including the three main types of folklore, classical, and contemporary. It is enjoyed and implemented throughout the Arab region, from North Africa to the Middle East.[1][2]
The term "Arabic dance" is often associated with
Arab history.[7] Among the best-known of the Arab traditional dances are the belly dance, the ardah, and the dabke.[8]
Traditional dancing is still popular among expatriate Arabs and has also been successfully exported to international folk dance groups all over the world. All dancers wear the traditional costume to embody the history of their culture and tell their ancestors stories.[9]
History
.jpg)
Historically, dance has always been an important part of the
lower-class connotation), and religious Sacred dances
.
In
Spanish Gypsies led to the creation of flamenco
.
The courtly pleasures of the Umayyad, Abbasid and Fatimid caliphs included belly dancing, soirée, and singing. Belly dancers and singers were sent from all parts of the vast empire to entertain.[10]
During the French campaign in Egypt and Syria in 1798, Europeans were interested in the Arab world, folk dances and music of each country.
In the middle of the 19th century, the eastern side of the Arab world;
Arabia, Egypt, the Levant and the Mesopotamia were collectively referred to as 'Al Sharq' or 'Mashreq'; meaning 'East'. The Middle East attracted European painters and writers described as Orientalists, who specialized in Oriental subjects; among the most prominent personalities are Jean-Léon Gérôme, Eugène Delacroix and Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres.[11]
Arabic dance was performed in the United States in 1893 at the
Arab countries from the Middle East and North Africa, including Syria and Algeria.[12] The term "belly dancing" is often credited to Sol Bloom, its entertainment director, but referred to the dance as danse du ventre, the name used by the French in Algeria. In his memoirs, Bloom states, "when the public learned that the literal translation was "belly dance", they delightedly concluded that it must be salacious and immoral...I had a gold mine."[13]
Types of dance
Arabs have their own diverse and rich
women. Here are four kinds of traditional dances.[14]
List of classic dances
These dances date from the antiquity and have not ceased to evolve in history and in time.[14]
Belly dance
Arabic: رقص شرقي, romanized: Raqs sharqi) is an Egyptian expressive dance,[15][16][11][17] which emphasizes complex movements of the torso.[18] Many boys and girls in countries where belly dancing is popular will learn how to do it when they are young. The dance involves movement of many different parts of the body; usually in a circular way. Both women and men can belly dance.[19]
Shamadan
Shamadan (
Arabic: شمعدان) is a large candelabrum balanced on top of a dancer's head, in a tradition unique to Egyptian dance.[20][21][22] This dance prop is historically used in the Egyptian wedding procession, or zeffah.[23] The wedding procession traditionally occurs at night, winding its way through the streets of the neighborhood from the home of the bride's parents to her new home at the groom's house. This is the official moving of the bride and is led by a dancer, musicians and singers, followed by the wedding party and their friends and family.[24]
Raqs Sharqi
Arabic: رقص شرقي) is the classical Egyptian style of belly dance that developed during the first half of the 20th century. This dance is pre-Islamic and is an oral tradition which has changed over the centuries. Some people believe that it originated as a fertility or Goddess worshipping dance, and in North Africa it can still be used to help during childbirth.[25]
Baladi
raqs sharqi, with little use of the arms, and the focus is on hip movements. Baladi dance has a 'heavy' feeling, with the dancer appearing relaxed and strongly connected to the ground. It is performed to baladi or folk music.[29]
Almeh
Arabic: عالمة, romanized: ʕálma IPA: [ˈʕælmæ]; the sublime dance in the past is ʕálme or ʕālme, plural عوالم ʕawālim Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ʕæˈwæːlem, -lɪm], from Arabic: ʻālima, from علم
"to know, be learned")
was the name of a class of female entertainers in Egypt, women educated to sing and recite classical poetry and to discourse wittily.[30]
unlike the ghawazy, the awalim performed only for women and for the high class in their homes.
Ouled Nail
belly dancing, the term refers to a style of dance originated by the Ouled Naïl, noted for their way of dancing. Which involves small, rapid foot movements paired with vigorous torso and hip movements.[31][32]
Ghawazi
Ghawazi, Ghawazy (
Arabic: غوازي) (also ghawazee) dancers of Egypt were a group of female traveling dancers. The Ghawazee perform solo or in small groups, unveiled for heterogenic audience, in the public streets, in festivals, in cafe houses and in the Upper Egypt mawalid (local Islamic ceremony), the term itself sometimes accompanied sexual-acts in the local culture and was sometimes used as an insult. Their dancing has little of elegance; its chief peculiarity being a very rapid vibrating motion of the hips, from side to side.[33]
Folk dances
Those dances are performed during the civil celebrations or events as birth, death, wedding or a social ascent and sometimes during religious festivals.[14]
Dabke
behavioral norms and cultural meanings.[35]
Deheyeh
Deheyeh (
Arabic: الدحية), Is a Bedouin dance practiced in Palestine, Jordan, northern Saudi Arabia, some of the Gulf states, the Syrian desert. It was practiced before the wars to stir up enthusiasm among the members of the tribe, and at the end of the battles in ancient times describe the battle and the tournaments, but now it is practiced on occasions such as weddings, holidays and other celebrations
.
Popular dances
Popular dances involve all forms artistic expressions of a people.[14]
Khaleegy
Arabic: خليجي) is a dance performed in the countries of the Arabian Peninsula.[36] A long "Thawb" is worn which the dancer holds up in front.[37] There is a step with it, but the main feature is the hair tossing as the head swings from side to side. The name of the dance literally means "gulf" in Arabic and it is danced by local women in weddings and other social events. Khaleegy is a joyful, lively, expressive, gestural and delicate dance performed in events involving happiness and celebration (like weddings).[38][39] Women dance in complicity and it is often started with one of them standing alone in the dance floor to begin the dance, and then the others join her. The main body parts involved in the dance are the hands, the head and the "Thawb" itself. The hair, apart from the "Thawb" is the main element used to dance Khaleegy: women let their long hair "dance" moving it from side to side, back and forth, in circle and making other figures.[40] Recently it has become very popular among belly dancers.[41]
The Khaleegy dance is most commonly performed to a hypnotic 2/4 rhythm with two heavy beats and a pause, called the Saudi, khaliji, or adany rhythm (from Yemen). There is not one khaliji rhythm but hundreds, as this dance represents many countries of the Gulf area.[42]
Ardah
ayyalah
.
The term 'Ardah' is thought to derive from the Arabic verb ard meaning 'to show' or 'to parade'. It was so named because its purpose was to publicly display the fighting strength of a tribe and boost morale before an armed engagement.[43] Although there are regional variations of the particular rendition of ardah, the purpose it serves is nearly identical throughout the Arabian Peninsula.[43]
Hagallah
Hagallah (
Arabic: هجاله) is a folkloric dance of celebration known as the hagallah is performed by the settled Bedouin (bedu) of Mersa Matruh in Western Egypt and is often performed during the date harvest, which is the wedding season in that area.[44] Hagallah is also known in areas of neighbouring Libya and is related to kaf (clapping) dances in other regions of the Middle East., hagallah is performed by the bedouin of western Egypt. It has been described as a wedding dance and also as a girl's coming-of-age dance.[22]
Schikhatt
Schikhatt (
Arabic: شيخة) is the feminine of sheikh: a person with knowledge, experience, wisdom. In Maghrebi (Moroccan Arabic), "sheikha" limits its meaning to specify a woman with carnal knowledge extensive enough to teach others. It is an erotic women-only dance, originally performed for the bride before her wedding, with the idea of teaching her how she would be expected to move in the marriage bed.[20]
Guedra
Guedra (
Arabic: كدرة) is a dance from the desert region of Morocco's south west, performed to induce an altered state of consciousness, with a solo performer beginning the dance with hand movements, then swinging the head and torso until a trance state is reached.[45] Guedra dancers are single or divorced women. Sometimes men from the audience will enquire with a view to marriage.[46]
Yowlah
Arabic: اليولة) or ayyalah is traditional dance in the United Arab Emirates. It involves spinning and throwing a rifle dummy made entirely of wood and metal plating.[47]
Sacred dances
Those sacred dances are related to the dominant religion of the Arab world which is Islam. They are particularly linked to Sufism which is the heart of the Islamic tradition inaugurated by the Prophet Muhammad.[14]
Tanoura
Sufi order.[52]
Zar
Arabic: زار) is a dance performed to drive away evil spirits. It originated in the Sudan but is also popular among women in Egypt.[22]
Gallery
.jpg)
See also
References
- OCLC 148667773.
- ISBN 9781442257498.
- ^ Trier-Bieniek, Adrienne (2015). Feminist Theory and Pop Culture. Springer. p. 4.
- ^ "The Traditional Arabic Dance". Our Pastimes.
- ISBN 9781555846619.
- ^ Mason, Daniel Gregory (1916). The Art of Music: The dance. National Society of Music.
- ISBN 9789774163548.
- OCLC 320803968.
- ISBN 9780292783133.
- ISBN 9781491865231.
- ^ ISBN 978-0863566288.
- ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2017-10-23.
- ISBN 0-9623998-1-7.
- ^ a b c d e "Traditional dances of the Arab world - Firdaous". Firdaous. 2017-06-02. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ISBN 9781442257498.
- ISBN 978-1440800580.
- ISBN 978-9774160547.
- ^ Deagon, Andrea (1984). In Search of the Origins of Dance (PhD thesis). University of North Carolina Wilmington.
- ^ "Belly Dancing Information". bellydancers.wikidot.com. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
- ^ a b "Shamadan - Sakkara". www.sakkara.de. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ "SAKTI RINEK - World-Famous Bellydancer". www.sakti-international.com. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ a b c "Arab music: dance". al-bab.com. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ "Gamila and Lucy tell about the Shamadan or Candelabra for the Gilded Serpent". www.gildedserpent.com. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ISBN 9780313317408.
- ^ Taylor, Carolyne. "Raqs Sharqi". www.spiritdancer.co.uk.
- ^ "Overview of Belly Dance: Egyptian Folkloric style belly dancing". www.atlantabellydance.com. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
- ^ "Learn Bellydance Styles: Egyptian Baladi - Bellydance U". Bellydance U. 2015-08-01. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
- ^ Elliot, Shira Julie. ""Baladi" by Hossam Ramzy". www.shira.net. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
- ^ "Egyptian Baladi and the Baladi Taksim". www.shemsdance.com. Archived from the original on 2017-06-27. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ Gerôme, Jean-Léon. "Dance of the Almeh, by Jean-Léon Gerôme". Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Ouled Nail". Belly-dance.org. Retrieved 2012-12-28.
- ^ ""The Ouled Nail of Algeria", by Jasmin Jahal, June 1999". Jasminjahal.com. Retrieved 2012-12-28.[permanent dead link]
- ^ "Edwina Nearing for the Gilded Serpent". www.gildedserpent.com. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ *"The Dabke-An Arabic Folk Dance". History and Development of Dance/ Brockport. 9 May 2013.
- Veal, Michael E.; Kim, E. Tammy (2016). Punk Ethnography: Artists & Scholars Listen to Sublime Frequencies. Wesleyan University Press. ISBN 9780819576545.
- Kabir, Nahid (2012). Young American Muslims: Dynamics of Identity. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9780748669967.
- "Event: Dabke Dance Workshop – Vassar BDS". vsa.vassar.edu. Archived from the original on 2017-01-07. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
- York, Museum of the City of New (2002). A Community of Many Worlds: Arab Americans in New York City. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 9780815607397.
- Stanton, Andrea L. (2012). Cultural Sociology of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa: An Encyclopedia. SAGE. ISBN 9781412981767.
- Cavendish, Marshall (2006). Peoples of Western Asia. Marshall Cavendish. ISBN 9780761476771.
- Don; Hunt, Mary (1990). Hunts' guide to southeast Michigan. Waterloo, Mich.: Midwestern Guides. ISBN 0962349909.
- "Dabke". Canadian Palestinian Association in Manitoba. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2017-09-23. It is performed in Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Syria, Palestine, Hatay and Northern Saudi Arabia.
- Veal, Michael E.; Kim, E. Tammy (2016). Punk Ethnography: Artists & Scholars Listen to Sublime Frequencies. Wesleyan University Press.
- ISBN 9004132384.
- ^ "Learn Belly Dance Styles: Khaleegy - Bellydance U". Bellydance U. 2015-08-05. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Khaleegy - Sakkara". www.sakkara.de. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "The Big 5: Khaleegy - Belly Dance Geek". Belly Dance Geek. 2013-03-12. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "7 Khaleeji songs you'll never get enough of". StepFeed. 2016-09-21. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Khaliji Raqs Na'ashat Dance & Iraqi Kawliya". www.shemsdance.com. Archived from the original on 2017-08-30. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Khaliji Dance History | Everything Belly Dance Blog". Everything Belly Dance. 2008-10-14. Archived from the original on 2017-10-10. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Khaliji dance". Fanack Chronicle. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ ISBN 978-0415888721.
- ^ "Egypt2". www.home.aone.net.au. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ "Moroccan Dance, Guedra & Schikhat". www.brownpapertickets.com. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ "The Guedra: Morocco Brings It to Denver | Morocco & the Casbah Dance Experience". www.casbahdance.org. Retrieved 2017-10-07.
- ^ "Largest yowla dance". Guinness World Records. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "The Egyptian Folklore Dance " Tanoura Dance"". وصف مصر - wasf masr. Archived from the original on 2017-12-06. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
- ^ "Tanoura Dance | Dubai Tanoura Show". www.memphistours.com. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "The Egyptian Castle - El Tanoura". www.egyptiancastle.com. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Tanoura Dance". www.lonelyplanet.com. Retrieved 2017-10-10.
- ^ "Egyptian folk dance : Tanoura". entertainment.feedfury.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
External links
Media related to Arab dance at Wikimedia Commons- A variety of The Jordanian Dabke performed by Al Yarmouk University Folk Troupe.
- Jordanian Dabkeh Performed By Al-Ramth Youth Folk Troupe
- Jordanian Dabke (Tas'awiya) – Ma'an 1975
- El-Arish Dabka
- Palestinian Dabkeh performed in London
- La Troupe Folklorique Les Chevaliers du Liban (Montréal, Canada) Archived 2009-06-25 at the Wayback Machine
- Palestinian Dabkeh Troupe (Hurriyah Dabkeh Troupe)[permanent dead link]
- Al-Juthoor Dabkeh Group
- Al-Juthoor performs in the San Francisco Ethnic Dance Festival Archived 2007-12-09 at the Wayback Machine
- El-Funoon Dabkeh Group
