Modoc County, California
Modoc County, California | |
---|---|
County of Modoc | |
From top down, left to right: Pit River Valley, Eagle Peak, Fandango Pass overlooking Surprise Valley | |
Seal | |
Country | United States |
State | California |
Region | Shasta Cascade |
Incorporated | February 17, 1874 |
Named for | the Modoc people |
County seat | Alturas |
Largest city | Alturas |
Government | |
• Type | Council–CEO |
• Chair | Kathie Rhoads |
• Vice Chair | Shane Starr |
• Board of Supervisors[1] | Supervisors
|
• County Administrative Officer | Chester Robertson |
Area | |
• Total | 4,203 sq mi (10,890 km2) |
• Land | 3,918 sq mi (10,150 km2) |
• Water | 286 sq mi (740 km2) |
Highest elevation | 9,892 ft (3,015 m) |
Population ( Pacific Daylight Time) | |
Congressional district | 1st |
Website | www |
Modoc County (/ˈmoʊdɒk/ ⓘ) is a county in the far northeast corner of the U.S. state of California. Its population is 8,700 as of the 2020 census, down from 9,686 from the 2010 census. This makes it California's third-least populous county. The county seat and only incorporated city is Alturas.[3] Previous county seats include Lake City and Centerville. The county borders Nevada and Oregon.
Much of Modoc County is
The county's official slogans include "The last best place" and "Where the West still lives".[4]
History
Prior to the arrival of Europeans in the region, varying cultures of
in present-day Oregon.The first European explorers to visit Modoc County were the American John C. Frémont and his traveling party (including Kit Carson) in 1846, who had departed from Sutter's Fort near the confluence of the American and Sacramento Rivers (where Sacramento stands today).[5]: 216
The northern boundary of California, and eventually Modoc County, had been established as the 42nd parallel since the time of Mexican possession. In the absence of a reliable survey of the 120th meridian, the eastern boundary of northern California was a subject of contention before Modoc County formed. The
In 1856, the residents of
After Nevada was granted statehood in 1864, the region of current Modoc County was placed within jurisdiction of Shasta County, California, and Siskiyou County was, in turn, generated from Shasta County in 1852.[8]
Increasing traffic on the emigrant trail, unprovoked militia raids on innocent Modoc, and a cycle of retaliatory raids increased a cycle of violence between settlers and the tribes in the area.[5]: 217 In 1864, the Klamath, Modoc and Yahooskin band of the Shoshone signed a treaty ceding lands in both Oregon and California, and the tribes were colocated on the Klamath Reservation. Harassed by the Klamath, traditional competitors, a band of Modoc led by Captain Jack returned to California and the Tule Lake area.
The
Settlement of the county began in earnest in the 1870s, with the timber, gold, agriculture, and railroad industries bringing most of the settlers into the area. The county was a crossroads for the Lassen Applegate Trail, which brought settlers north from Nevada to the Oregon Trail and south to trails leading into California's central valley. Early settlers included the Dorris, Belli, Essex, Scherer, Trumbo, Flournoy, Polander, Rice and Campbell families.
Modoc County was formed when Governor
The Dorris Bridge post office opened in 1871[10] and was renamed Dorrisville in 1874. Due to its central location, it became the county seat when Modoc County formed that year, although both Adin and Cedarville were larger towns.[6]: 84 In 1876, it was renamed Alturas, Spanish for "The Heights".[11] The 1880 census showed a population of 148. Settlement continued for the next 20 years, until the city was officially incorporated on September 16, 1901 (the county's only incorporated city).
During
Tule Lake was the largest of the "segregation camps." On November 8, 2005, Senator Dianne Feinstein called for the camp to be designated a National Historic Landmark. In December 2008 President George W. Bush designated it one of nine sites to be part of the new World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument, now the Tule Lake National Monument.
Geography
According to the
There are 2.25 persons per square mile, making this one of the most sparsely populated counties in California. It is also (almost) the only rectangular county in California; there is a slight deviation around the Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge.
The county is very diverse geographically. The northwestern edge of the county is dominated by the Medicine Lake Highlands, the largest shield volcano on the U.S. West Coast. The Lava Beds National Monument lies partly within the northwest corner of the county. Also along the western edge of the county is the massive Glass Mountain lava flow. The southwestern corner of the county is a unique ecosystem of isolated hardwoods (oaks) and volcanic mountains with intermountain river valleys.
The northern half of the county is the
Below the rim of the Plateau is
The eastern edge of the county is dominated by the
Hot Springs and lava caves are common to Modoc County. There are some geothermal energy resources available in the county, though their viability is highly variable.
A great diversity of plants are found in Modoc County, since this is situated within the biodiverse
Adjacent counties
- Klamath County, Oregon - north
- Lake County, Oregon - north
- Washoe County, Nevada - east
- Lassen County - south
- Shasta County - southwest
- Siskiyou County - west
National protected areas
- Clear Lake National Wildlife Refuge
- Lava Beds National Monument (part)
- Modoc National Forest (part)
- Shasta National Forest(part)
- Modoc National Wildlife Refuge (part)
- Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (part)
- Tule Lake Unit, World War II Valor in the Pacific National Monument(part)
Demographics
2011
Population, race, and income | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total population[15] | 9,587 | ||||
White[15] | 8,392 | 87.5% | |||
Black or African American[15] | 108 | 1.1% | |||
American Indian or Alaska Native[15] | 327 | 3.4% | |||
Asian[15] | 73 | 0.8% | |||
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander[15] | 8 | 0.1% | |||
Some other race[15] | 389 | 4.1% | |||
Two or more races[15] | 290 | 3.0% | |||
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[16] | 1,290 | 13.5% | |||
Per capita income[17] | $20,769 | ||||
Median household income[18] | $35,402 | ||||
Median family income[19] | $46,047 |
Places by population, race, and income
Places by population and race | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Place | Type[20] | Population[15] | White[15] | Other[15] [note 1] |
Asian[15] | Black or African American[15] |
Native American[15] [note 2] |
Hispanic or Latino (of any race)[16] |
Adin | CDP | 418 | 96.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.3% | 2.2% |
Alturas | City |
2,813 | 86.8% | 5.4% | 1.6% | 1.3% | 4.8% | 6.9% |
California Pines | CDP | 105 | 81.0% | 19.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 3.8% |
Canby | CDP | 480 | 62.3% | 19.4% | 0.0% | 10.4% | 7.9% | 20.8% |
Cedarville | CDP | 545 | 85.3% | 12.8% | 0.4% | 0.0% | 1.5% | 20.2% |
Daphnedale Park | CDP | 35 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Eagleville | CDP | 53 | 86.8% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 13.2% | 0.0% |
Fort Bidwell | CDP | 151 | 39.1% | 1.3% | 2.0% | 0.0% | 57.6% | 1.3% |
Lake City | CDP | 66 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Likely | CDP | 100 | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Lookout | CDP | 5 | 0.0% | 100.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Newell | CDP | 473 | 88.6% | 5.5% | 4.2% | 0.0% | 1.7% | 50.3% |
New Pine Creek | CDP | 104 | 93.3% | 6.7% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% | 0.0% |
Places by population and income | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Place | Type[20] | Population[21] | Per capita income[17] | Median household income[18] | Median family income[19] |
Adin | CDP | 418 | $21,457 | $45,625 | $57,550 |
Alturas | City |
2,813 | $20,842 | $32,237 | $47,260 |
California Pines | CDP | 105 | $26,595 | $55,938 | $118,194 |
Canby | CDP | 480 | $11,298 | $21,744 | $21,744 |
Cedarville | CDP | 545 | $22,710 | $43,500 | $46,058 |
Daphnedale Park | CDP | 35 | [22] | $12,083 | [22] |
Eagleville | CDP | 53 | $46,826 | $27,083 | $113,750 |
Fort Bidwell | CDP | 151 | $16,332 | $21,875 | $28,250 |
Lake City | CDP | 66 | $24,061 | $35,284 | $9,688 |
Likely | CDP | 100 | $17,659 | $35,143 | [22] |
Lookout | CDP | 5 | [22] | [22] | [22] |
Newell | CDP | 473 | $8,765 | $28,875 | $23,864 |
New Pine Creek | CDP | 104 | $31,602 | $28,472 | [22] |
2000
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1880 | 4,399 | — | |
1890 | 4,986 | 13.3% | |
1900 | 5,076 | 1.8% | |
1910 | 6,191 | 22.0% | |
1920 | 5,425 | −12.4% | |
1930 | 8,038 | 48.2% | |
1940 | 8,713 | 8.4% | |
1950 | 9,678 | 11.1% | |
1960 | 8,308 | −14.2% | |
1970 | 7,469 | −10.1% | |
1980 | 8,610 | 15.3% | |
1990 | 9,678 | 12.4% | |
2000 | 9,449 | −2.4% | |
2010 | 9,686 | 2.5% | |
2020 | 8,700 | −10.2% | |
2023 (est.) | 8,500 | [23] | −2.3% |
U.S. Decennial Census[24] 1790–1960[25] 1900–1990[26] 1990–2000[27] 2010–2015[2] |
As of the
The largest ethnicity/ancestry groups in Modoc county include: 15%
as their first language.There were 3,784 households, out of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.6% were married couples living together, 8.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.6% were non-families. 28.1% of all households were made up of individuals, and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.39 and the average family size was 2.91.
In the county, the population was spread out, with 25.6% under the age of 18, 5.7% from 18 to 24, 23.3% from 25 to 44, 27.7% from 45 to 64, and 17.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 98.7 males.
The median income for a household in the county was $27,522, and the median income for a family was $35,978. Males had a median income of $30,538 versus $23,438 for females. The
Modoc County has the
In 2005, the median home price reached $100,000 for the first time ever, over a 40% increase since 2000.[4] Much of this can be traced to an influx of residents from other parts of the state, who find the housing bargains attractive. Some of these are retirees who have sold their houses for large profits in other parts of the state, using the proceeds to live on, while others are remote workers. This sudden rise in housing prices become unaffordable for locals, who find themselves unable to purchase homes given their limited incomes.[4]
2010
The
Population reported at 2010 United States Census
| |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
The County | Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
Modoc County | 9,686 | 8,084 | 82 | 370 | 78 | 21 | 680 | 371 | 1,342 |
Incorporated city |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
Alturas | 2,827 | 2,430 | 15 | 81 | 45 | 7 | 118 | 131 | 347 |
Census-designated place |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
Adin | 272 | 240 | 2 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 9 | 13 | 32 |
California Pines | 520 | 416 | 11 | 16 | 6 | 2 | 33 | 36 | 83 |
Canby | 315 | 292 | 2 | 7 | 1 | 0 | 9 | 4 | 24 |
Cedarville | 514 | 422 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 59 | 17 | 86 |
Daphnedale Park | 184 | 166 | 2 | 6 | 0 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 18 |
Eagleville | 59 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 |
Fort Bidwell | 173 | 75 | 2 | 76 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 10 | 23 |
Lake City | 61 | 58 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | 0 |
Likely | 63 | 57 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Lookout | 84 | 76 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 14 |
New Pine Creek | 98 | 89 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 8 | 4 |
Newell | 449 | 199 | 2 | 23 | 1 | 5 | 193 | 26 | 271 |
Other unincorporated areas |
Total Population |
White |
African American |
Native American |
Asian |
Pacific Islander |
other races |
two or more races |
Latino (of any race) |
All others not CDPs (combined) | 4,067 | 3,506 | 45 | 131 | 25 | 2 | 241 | 117 | 432 |
Politics
Federally, Modoc County is in
For much of the 20th century, Modoc County was a bellwether county for statewide elections in California, voting for the statewide winner in every election between 1912 and 1990 with the exception of Jerry Brown's two statewide victories (the county's dislike of Brown attributable to his environmental policies negatively affecting the county's logging industry).[33]
Recently, though, Modoc County has trended Republican, becoming one of the most conservative counties in the state. On November 4, 2008, Modoc County delivered the most lopsided vote in favor of
On September 24, 2013, the Modoc County Board of Supervisors voted 4–0 in favor of secession from California to form a proposed state named Jefferson.[35]
Voter registration
Population and registered voters | ||
---|---|---|
Total population[15] | 9,587 | |
Registered voters[36][note 3] | 5,273 | 55.0% |
Democratic[36] | 1,364 | 25.9% |
Republican[36] | 2,634 | 50.0% |
Democratic–Republican spread[36] | -1,270 | -24.1% |
Independent[36] | 262 | 5.0% |
Green[36] | 21 | 0.4% |
Libertarian[36] | 45 | 0.9% |
Peace and Freedom[36] | 6 | 0.1% |
Americans Elect[36] | 0 | 0.0% |
Other[36] | 10 | 0.2% |
No party preference[36] | 931 | 17.7% |
Cities by population and voter registration
Cities by population and voter registration | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
City | Population[15] | Registered voters[36] [note 3] |
Democratic[36] | Republican[36] | D–R spread[36] | Other[36] | No party preference[36] |
Alturas | 2,813 | 54.7% | 31.0% | 42.4% | -11.4% | 12.9% | 19.5% |
Historical election results
Year | Republican | Democratic | Third party | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No. | % | No. | % | No. | % | |
2020 | 3,109 | 71.19% | 1,150 | 26.33% | 108 | 2.47% |
2016 | 2,696 | 70.15% | 877 | 22.82% | 270 | 7.03% |
2012 | 2,777 | 69.10% | 1,111 | 27.64% | 131 | 3.26% |
2008 | 2,981 | 67.44% | 1,313 | 29.71% | 126 | 2.85% |
2004 | 3,235 | 72.42% | 1,149 | 25.72% | 83 | 1.86% |
2000 | 2,969 | 72.29% | 945 | 23.01% | 193 | 4.70% |
1996 | 2,285 | 53.10% | 1,368 | 31.79% | 650 | 15.11% |
1992 | 1,803 | 38.98% | 1,489 | 32.19% | 1,333 | 28.82% |
1988 | 2,518 | 62.68% | 1,416 | 35.25% | 83 | 2.07% |
1984 | 2,995 | 69.49% | 1,219 | 28.28% | 96 | 2.23% |
1980 | 2,579 | 64.47% | 1,046 | 26.15% | 375 | 9.38% |
1976 | 1,917 | 51.20% | 1,733 | 46.29% | 94 | 2.51% |
1972 | 2,085 | 58.49% | 1,271 | 35.65% | 209 | 5.86% |
1968 | 1,713 | 52.43% | 1,264 | 38.69% | 290 | 8.88% |
1964 | 1,386 | 41.27% | 1,972 | 58.73% | 0 | 0.00% |
1960 | 1,839 | 51.80% | 1,691 | 47.63% | 20 | 0.56% |
1956 | 1,981 | 53.21% | 1,729 | 46.44% | 13 | 0.35% |
1952 | 2,634 | 61.36% | 1,633 | 38.04% | 26 | 0.61% |
1948 | 1,480 | 46.54% | 1,607 | 50.53% | 93 | 2.92% |
1944 | 1,288 | 45.40% | 1,540 | 54.28% | 9 | 0.32% |
1940 | 1,371 | 37.77% | 2,232 | 61.49% | 27 | 0.74% |
1936 | 968 | 34.19% | 1,828 | 64.57% | 35 | 1.24% |
1932 | 655 | 27.45% | 1,643 | 68.86% | 88 | 3.69% |
1928 | 942 | 56.75% | 711 | 42.83% | 7 | 0.42% |
1924 | 731 | 43.72% | 374 | 22.37% | 567 | 33.91% |
1920 | 992 | 62.59% | 535 | 33.75% | 58 | 3.66% |
1916 | 768 | 36.61% | 1,222 | 58.25% | 108 | 5.15% |
1912 | 1 | 0.06% | 941 | 54.90% | 772 | 45.04% |
1908 | 620 | 49.92% | 574 | 46.22% | 48 | 3.86% |
1904 | 559 | 53.91% | 444 | 42.82% | 34 | 3.28% |
1900 | 446 | 44.78% | 532 | 53.41% | 18 | 1.81% |
1896 | 300 | 33.00% | 588 | 64.69% | 21 | 2.31% |
1892 | 406 | 35.46% | 596 | 52.05% | 143 | 12.49% |
Crime
The following table includes the number of incidents reported and the rate per 1,000 persons for each type of offense:
Population and crime rates | ||
---|---|---|
Population[15] | 9,587 | |
Violent crime[38] | 10 | 1.04 |
Homicide[38] | 0 | 0.00 |
Forcible rape[38] | 1 | 0.10 |
Robbery[38] | 0 | 0.00 |
Aggravated assault[38] | 9 | 0.94 |
Property crime[38] | 76 | 7.93 |
Burglary[38] | 44 | 4.59 |
Larceny-theft[38][39] | 69 | 7.20 |
Motor vehicle theft[38] | 7 | 0.73 |
Arson[38] | 1 | 0.10 |
Cities by population and crime rates
Cities by population and crime rates | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
City | Population[40] | Violent crimes[40] | Violent crime rate per 1,000 persons |
Property crimes[40] | Property crime rate per 1,000 persons | |||
Alturas | 2,802 | 36 | 12.85 | 62 | 22.13 |
Transportation
Major highways
Additionally, the eastern Modoc County communities of
Public transportation
The Sage Stage is a dial-a-ride service providing trips within Modoc County. It has also provides service to Klamath Falls, Oregon and Reno, Nevada, as well as connections to/from Reno International Airport, outside of Door D.[41]
Airports
There are general aviation airports near Alturas (Alturas Municipal Airport and California Pines Airport). Other airports include Cedarville Airport, Eagleville Airport, Fort Bidwell Airport, and Tulelake Municipal Airport. The closest major airport is in Reno.
Communities
City
- Alturas (county seat)
Census-designated places
Other unincorporated places
Population ranking
The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Modoc County.
† county seat
Rank | City/Town/etc. | Municipal type | Population (2020 Census) |
---|---|---|---|
1 | † Alturas | City | 2,715 |
2 | California Pines | CDP | 473 |
3 | Cedarville | CDP | 437 |
4 | Newell | CDP | 301 |
5 | Adin | CDP | 205 |
6 | Canby | CDP | 183 |
7 | Fort Bidwell | CDP | 180 |
8 | Daphnedale Park | CDP | 129 |
9 | XL Ranch Rancheria[42] | AIAN | 117 |
10 | Fort Bidwell Reservation[43] | AIAN | 97 |
11 | New Pine Creek | CDP | 87 |
12 | Lake City | CDP | 71 |
13 | Lookout | CDP | 68 |
14 | Likely | CDP | 53 |
15 | Eagleville | CDP | 45 |
16 | Cedarville Rancheria[44] | AIAN | 19 |
17 | Lookout Rancheria[45] | AIAN | 11 |
18 | Alturas Indian Rancheria[46] | AIAN | 3 |
19 | Likely Rancheria[47] | AIAN | 0 |
See also
- Modoc County Historical Museum
- List of school districts in Modoc County, California
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Modoc County, California
Notes
References
- ^ "Welcome To New Webgen". www.co.modoc.ca.us.
- ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on July 28, 2011. Retrieved April 4, 2016.
- ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
- ^ a b c La Ganga, Maria L. (January 13, 2006). "Housing Bargains, at a Price". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ ISBN 978-0-8047-7817-6. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
- ^ ISBN 9780608141589.
- ^ "Reprinted from a previous issue..." Nataqua News. Thumbs Up Publishing. 1997. Retrieved April 5, 2010.
- ^ a b "Modoc County History". Alturas Chamber of Commerce. Modoc County Government. 2009. Archived from the original on June 17, 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
- ^ "Modoc Wars, 1873-74". California State Military Museum. 2009. Retrieved July 21, 2009.
- ISBN 1-884995-14-4.
- ISBN 0-520-24217-3.
- ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ C. Michael Hogan, Quercus kelloggii Archived February 13, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, Globaltwitcher, 2008
- ISBN 978-0-521-55986-7. Retrieved September 27, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B02001. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
- ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B03003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 26, 2013.
- ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19301. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19013. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B19113. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ a b U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ U.S. Census Bureau. American Community Survey, 2011 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Table B01003. U.S. Census website. Retrieved October 21, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g Data unavailable
- ^ "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Counties: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2023". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 26, 2024.
- ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ Forstall, Richard L., ed. (March 27, 1995). "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. April 2, 2001. Retrieved September 28, 2015.
- ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved May 14, 2011.
- ^ "2010 Census P.L. 94-171 Summary File Data". United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "California's 1st Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
- ^ "Senators". State of California. Retrieved March 10, 2013.
- ^ "Members Assembly". State of California. Retrieved March 2, 2013.
- ^ Stall, Bill (August 19, 1991). "As Modoc County Goes, So Goes California". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 17, 2021.
- ^ "California results". Los Angeles Times.
- ^ Butler, Kristen. "Another county votes to secede from California". UPI. Retrieved September 26, 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q California Secretary of State. February 10, 2013 - Report of Registration Archived July 27, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved October 31, 2013.
- ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved August 31, 2018.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Office of the Attorney General, Department of Justice, State of California. Table 11: Crimes – 2009 Archived December 2, 2013, at the Wayback Machine. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ^ Only larceny-theft cases involving property over $400 in value are reported as property crimes.
- ^ a b c United States Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation. Crime in the United States, 2012, Table 8 (California). Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ^ "Sage Stage". Retrieved April 30, 2017.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
- ^ Staff, Website Services & Coordination. "U.S. Census Bureau 2020 Census". www.census.gov.
External links
- Official website
- Hiking trails in Modoc County
- h2g2 Guide Entry A1065278: Modoc County, California, USA
- OpenRoad.TV (Modoc County's Living West video story)