Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid
Ali ibn al-Walid al-Abshami al-Qurashi | |
|---|---|
| Dāʿī al-Muṭlaq | |
| In office 31 May 1209 – 21 December 1215 | |
| Preceded by | Ali ibn Hatim |
| Succeeded by | Ali ibn Hanzala |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ja'far ibn Ibrahim ibn Abi Salama ibn al-Walid al-Abshami al-Qurashi c. 1128 |
| Died | 21 December 1215 (aged 86–87) |
| Burial | Sana'a, Yemen |
| Religion | Tayyibi Isma'ilism |
Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ja'far ibn Ibrahim ibn Abi Salama ibn al-Walid al-Abshami al-Qurashi (
Life
Origin and early career
Ali had a distinguished lineage, being a scion of the
In his youth he had been a student of his uncle,
He was stationed in
Rule as Da'i al-Mutlaq
Ali ibn Hatim's death on 31 May 1209 ended the Hamadi line without heir, and so Ali succeeded him. Ali ruled as Da'i al-Mutlaq until his death, at Sana'a, on 21 December 1215 at the age of 90 years.[1][3] The position of Da'i al-Mutlaq (lit. 'absolute/unrestricted missionary') signified their position as the de facto leaders of the Tayyibi community in their capacity as vicegerents of the hidden imam.[6]
Although his immediate successor,
His grave is in Al-Aghmur, a sub-district located in Manakhah District, Sana'a Governorate, Yemen. His grave was not known for 600 years, until it was discovered in March 2019. The official announcement was made on 25 March 2019 by Mufaddal Saifuddin, the Da'i al-Mutlaq of the Dawoodi Bohra.[citation needed]
Writings
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Extremely well-educated, he was held in high regard by both contemporaries and later Tayyibi scholars: Hatim ibn Ibrahim reportedly stated that in Ali ibn Muhammad ibn al-Walid were to be found all the qualifications required of a
The works are:
- Kitāb al-dhakhīra fī l-ḥaqīqa, in 33 chapters, dealing with cosmology and eschatology, the hierarchy of the daʿwa, the imams and prophets, and a discussion on rewards and punishments for the faithful and their opponents. A modern edition was published by Muhammad Hasan al-A'zami, Beirut 1971.[1][7]
- Risālat jalāʾ al-ʿuqūl wa-zubdat al-maḥṣūl, also dealing with tawḥīd, cosmological and eschatological issues; edited by Adil al-Awwa in Muntakhabāt Ismāʿīliyya, Damascus 1958, pp. 80–153.[1][8]
- Risālat al-īḍāḥ wa-l-tabyīn, a short treatise on Tayyibi doctrines on the Creation, Isma'ili hierarchy, eschatology, and on the last Tayyibi imam, at-Tayyib Abu'l-Qasim. It was edited by Rudolf Strothmann and published in his Gnosis-Texte der Ismailiten. Arabische Handschrift Ambrosiana H 75, Göttingen 1943, pp. 138–158.[1][9]
- Risālat tuḥfat al-murtād wa-ghuṣṣat al-aḍdād, a
- Risāla [fī maʿnā] al-ism al-aʿẓam, edited by Rudolf Strothmann and published in his Gnosis-Texte der Ismailiten. Arabische Handschrift Ambrosiana H 75, Göttingen 1943, pp. 171–177. The authorship of this treatise was unknown to Strothmann, and was identified as Ali ibn Muhammad by Ismail Poonawala.[1][9]
- Tāj al-ʿaqāʾid wa-maʿdin al-fawāʾid, edited by Arif Tamir, Beirut, 1st edition 1967 and 2nd edition 1982. A summarized translation was published by
- Dāmigh al-bāṭil wa-ḥatf al-munāḍil, a two-volume refutation of al-Ghazali's anti-Isma'ili work Kitab al-Mustazhiri, edited by Mustafa Ghalib, Beirut 1982.[1][8]
- Al-Risāla al-mufīda fī sharḥ mulghaz al-qaṣīda, a commentary on Avicenna's Qaṣīdat al-nafs ("qasidas on the soul"), edited by al-Habib al-Faqi, in Ḥawliyyāt al-Jāmiʿa al-Tūnusiyya, Vol. 17 (1979), pp. 117–182.[1][9]
- Dīwān Sayyidnā ʿAlī ibn Muḥammad al-Walīd, a collection (eulogies of his teachers, as well as dealing with doctrinal matters and contemporary historical events. Excerpts have been published by Rudolf Strothmann in "Kleinere Ismailitische Schriften", Islamic Research Association Miscellany, Vol. 1 (1948), pp. 145–146 & 153–163, and in Rabab Hamiduddin's PhD thesis The Qasidah of the Tayyibi Da'wah and the Diwan of Syedna Ali B. Muhammad Al-Walid at the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London), 2001.[1][8]
- Ḍiyạ̄ʾ al-albāb, unpublished manuscript.[1]
- Lubb al-maʿārif, unpublished manuscript.[1]
- Lubāb al-fawāʾid, unpublished manuscript.[1]
- Risālat mulḥiqat al-adhhān, unpublished manuscript.[1]
- Mukhtaṣar al-uṣūl, a refutation of the doctrines of the Zaydis, and the philosophers "who deny God all attributes", still unpublished.[1]
- Risālat al-bayān wa-mudḥiḍat al-buhtān, a refutation of Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Ahwari, a rival of Hatim ibn Ibrahim for the position of Dā'ī al-Mutlaq. Unpublished manuscript.[1]
- Majālis al-nuṣḥ wa-l-bayān, unpublished manuscript.[1]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z Poonawala 2009.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 266–267.
- ^ a b c d e Daftary 2007, p. 267.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 266, 267.
- ^ a b c Daftary 2007, p. 266.
- ^ Daftary 2007, pp. 238–239, 264.
- ^ a b Daftary 2004, pp. 118–119.
- ^ a b c Daftary 2004, p. 118.
- ^ a b c d e Daftary 2004, p. 119.
Sources
- ISBN 978-0-8577-1386-5.
- ISBN 978-0-521-61636-2.
- Poonawala, Ismail K. (2009). "ʿAlī b. al-Walīd". In Fleet, Kate; ISSN 1873-9830.
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