Ja'fari school
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The Jaʿfarī school,
It differs from the predominant
The Ja'fari school was imposed as the state jurisprudence in Iran during the Safavid conversion of Iran to Shia Islam from the 16th to the 18th century. Followers of the Ja'fari school are predominantly found in Iran, Iraq, Azerbaijan and Bahrain where they form a majority, with large minorities in eastern Saudi Arabia, southern Lebanon and Afghanistan.[7]
Branches
Usuli
This school of thought utilizes
Ayatollah
Akhbari
This school of thought takes a restrictive approach to ijtihad. This school has almost died out now; very few followers are left. Some neo-Akhbaris have emerged in the Indian subcontinent, but they do not belong to the old Akhbari movement of Bahrain.[8]
Components
Bada'
Many contemporary Twelvers are described as rejecting predestination.[10][11][12][13] This belief is further emphasized by the Shia concept of Bada', which states that God has not set a definite course for human history. Instead, God may alter the course of human history as is seen to be fit (Although some academics insist that Bada' is not rejection of predestination.[14]).
Nikah Mut'ah
Taqiyah
In Shia Islam,
This practice was emphasized in Shi'a Islam whereby adherents may conceal their religion when they are under threat,
See also
- Outline of Islam
- Shia clergy
- The four schools of Sunni jurisprudence
- Hanafi
- Hanbali
- Maliki
- Shafi'i
Notes
- strict transcriptions: Jaʻfarī or Ǧaʿfarī, /d͡ʒaʕfariː/; from the name: جعفر, Jaʻfar/Ǧaʿfar, /d͡ʒaʕfar/
References
- ^ "Letter from H. H. the Aga Khan". Retrieved 22 October 2020.
- ^ John Corrigan, Frederick Denny, Martin S Jaffee, Carlos Eire (2011). Jews, Christians, Muslims: A Comparative Introduction to Monotheistic Religions. Cambridge University Press. 978-0205026340.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Book: Islamic Law: According to Ja'fari School of Jurisprudence Vol. 2". 8 April 2017.
- ^ Nasr, Vali (2006), The Shia Revival, Norton, p. 69
- ^ Jafari: Shii Legal Thought and Jurisprudence
- ISBN 9781405178488
- ^ Islam. p. 228.
- ^ a b The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Politics, 2003:487.
- ^ صحيفه نور
- ^ Rizvi, Sayyid Sa'id AkhtarNeed of Religion p. 14.
- ^ Florian Pohl, Florian. Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures, by Marshall Cavendish Corporation, p. 137.
- ^ Greer, Charles Douglas. Religions of Man p. 239.
- ^ , Rizvi, S. H. M.; Roy, Shibani; Dutta B. B. Muslims p. 20.
- ^ Abbaszadeh, Abbas. "The Sources and Theoretical Foundations of Beda and Its Accordance with Divine Knowledge and Predestination in Shiism." (2018): 139-156.
- ISBN 9004126023, 9789004126022. Accessed at Google Books 15 March 2014.
- ^ Hughes T. A Dictionary of Islam p 424 Asian Educational Services 1 December 1995. Accessed 15 April 2014.
- ISBN 0761479279, 1780761479277 Accessed at Google Books 15 March 2014.
- ISBN 978-0-300-03531-5.
- ^ Stewart, Devin. "Islam in Spain after the Reconquista". Teaching Materials. The Hagop Kevorkian Center for Near Eastern Studies at New York University. Retrieved 6 August 2012.
- ISBN 978-0-9914308-8-8.
- ^ "Taqiyah". Oxford Dictionary of Islam. John L. Esposito, Ed. Oxford University Press. 2003. Retrieved 25 May 2011.
- ISBN 978-0-19-531173-0.
Sources
- McLean, Iain; McMillan, Alistair, eds. (2003). The Oxford Concise Dictionary of Politics (2nd ed.). Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press. OCLC 464816415.
External links
- "Jafari: Shii Legal Thought and Jurisprudence" from Oxford Islamic Studies Online
- Ja'fari Fiqh
- Ja'fari School
- Some of Shi'a Islamic Laws books
- Islamic Laws of G.A. Sayyid Abulqasim al-Khoei
- Islamic Laws of G.A. Fazel Lankarani
- Islamic Laws of G.A. Syed Ali al-Husaini Seestani
- Towards an Understanding of the Shiite Authoritative Sources