Cervical spine disorder

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Cervical spine disorder
Cervical vertebrate

Cervical spine disorders are illnesses that affect the cervical spine, which is made up of the upper first seven vertebrae, encasing and shielding the spinal cord. This fragment of the spine starts from the region above the shoulder blades and ends by supporting and connecting the skull.[1]

The cervical spine contains many different anatomic compositions, including muscles, bones, ligaments, and joints. All of these structures have nerve endings that can detect painful problems when they occur. Such nerves supply muscular control and sensations to the skull and arms while correspondingly providing our bodies with flexibility and motion.[1] However, if the cervical spine is injured it can cause many minor or traumatic problems, and although these injuries vary specifically they are more commonly known as "cervical spine disorders" as a whole.[1]

Symptoms

It is through upper frontal chest discomfort (also known as

cervical angina) and scapular pains which signs of cervical spine disorders are shown. In 1937 a man named Oille was the first to state that these chest pains originated from the cervical nerve root.[2] This new outlook helped shed light on exactly what signs indicated the beginning of these ailments for those with cervical spine disorders. It is now recognized that these patients feel pain, numbness, discomfort, and weakness along with neurological symptoms.[2]

Complications

If not treated right away, there are many consequences and pains various cervical spine disorders can cause.[1]

Brachial plexus
  • Neck pains Pains in the neck area tend to be tenacious and persistent and most muscles in the cervical spinal region tighten causing for discomfort.[1]
  • Headaches Headaches are further triggered through the stiffness of neck muscles, which pull at their attachment to the skull. These headaches are recurrent in nature and start from the base of the skull and emanate upwards; they can be painful or mild.[1]
  • Arm pains Muscular spasms within the arm are further common symptoms in which such spasms are seen right above the collarbones and pressure is placed on the Brachial plexus causing arms to feel heavy and ache.[1]
  • Difficulty walking Hardships arise with cervical spinal injuries when issues with walking, balancing, and posture are affected all due to the spinal cord being compressed resulting in Myelopathy.[3]
  • Those with extremely severe outcomes may result in:Impairment[4]

Cause

There are several conditions and syndromes that can affect the cervical spine and they all vary due to the difference in place and type of injury.

Age factors

  • The elderly Because of such symptoms, people often mistake cervical spine disorder indicators for coronary artery disease, and although individuals of any age can develop spine threatening injuries, the people that are affected by it the most are the elderly. This is because as one ages spinal discs that absorb any type of shock wear out increasing elders' chances of developing degenerative alterations in their cervical spine.[3]
  • The young Patients younger than eight years old with cervical spinal cord casualties have an increased chance of dying while those older than eight years have similar effects as adults. They are usually immobilized from the shoulder up until consciousness is regained and symptoms are gone.[5]

Diagnosis

The diagnosis process might include a physician who tests that the movement, strength, and sensation of the arms and legs are normal. The spine is examined for its range of motion and any pain that may arise from movement. Blood work might be utilized in addition to

electrodiagnostic, which helps to uncover whether the appropriate electrical signals are being sent to each muscle from the correlate nerves. This aids in localizing a problem's source.[1] There are risks to be considered with any diagnostic testing. For example, in the case of CT imaging, there is obvious benefit over x-ray in that a more thorough picture of the anatomy is exposed, but there is a trade-off in that CT has around a 10-fold increased radiation exposure; alternatively, while MRI provides highly detailed imaging of the anatomy with the benefit of no radiation exposure to the patient, the high cost of this test must be taken into account.[6]

Treatments

If one's symptoms are mild, treatments like

epidural injections and surgeries are also implemented to treat such a disorder.[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Neck Pain and Cervical Spine Disorders". Minneapolis Clinic of Neurology.
  2. ^
    ProQuest 229343382
    .
  3. ^ a b c d e Cervical spine disorder. "Medtronic". Retrieved from http://wwwp.medtronic.com/Newsroom/LinkedItemDetails.do?itemId=1169645895363&itemType=backgrounder&lang=en_IN Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
  4. ProQuest 223115626
    .
  5. ^
    ProQuest 232743067
    .
  6. ^
    ProQuest 205129467
    .
  7. ProQuest 229343756
    .
  8. ^ Degenerative spine disorders. Retrieved from http://neurosurgery.ucsf.edu/index.php/spine_disorders_cervical.html Archived 2014-06-05 at the Wayback Machine

Further reading

External links

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