History of the Jews in Montenegro
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The history of the
At the end of January 2012, the Jewish community of Montenegro signed a treaty with the Government on mutual relations, thus recognizing the
History
The history of Jews in the area of today's Montenegro has not been sufficiently explored. The research was fragmentary as part of other scientific treatments.[1]
The history of Jews in these areas lasts for two millennia. Their first traces appear in the ancient Duklja, whose ruins are located in the immediate vicinity of the center of Podgorica, the capital of today's Montenegro. This very important urban center of the Roman province Prevalitane, which in its zenith counted over 70,000 inhabitants in its necropolises, reveals the grave places that archaeologists have established that they belonged to the Jews, which is not at all odd if one takes into account the size and importance of Duklja as military, commercial and administrative center until its destruction in a devastating earthquake.[1]
In the Middle Ages, Jews within the boundaries of today's
In the 17th century, Sabbatai Zevi a famous false "Messiah", lived and is presumed to be buried in Ulcinj, after being banished from Constantinople by the grand vizier there to Dulcigno (modern-day Ulcinj).[5]
Famous
The importance, influence and respect that the Jews in Boka deserved in the image are illustrative of the fact that, according to the order of the Kotor bishop, a part of the cemetery was separated for the burial of the Jews. A part of the cemetery near the main entrance to the cemetery and in the immediate vicinity of the main chapel was set aside for the plot. The graveyard is in relatively good condition today and is regularly maintained.[1]
Montenegro belongs to countries of Europe on whose territory there was not a single concentration or collection camp from which Jews were sent to death camps. Unfortunately, since September 1943, after the capitulation of Italy, Germany occupied Montenegro and Gestapo succeeded in identifying a larger number of Jews remaining in Montenegro by February 1944. Most of them were taken to several camps in a small camp at Sajmište, and then to other camps where they experienced a similar fate as the others.[1]
After World War II, a very small number of Jews remained in Montenegro. The survivors have mostly returned to their former dwellings. In Montenegro, there were those who indicated marital status or work obligations. The exact number of Jews who live and work in Montenegro today is difficult to determine because it is mostly about mixed marriages.[1]
Montenegro is one of a select few countries and the only one in the region where there is an enviable inter-religious and inter-faith fund and there is no public manifestation of antisemitism and general negative attitude towards the Jewish people and the state of Israel. Even more, there is a high respect for the Jewish people and its contribution to the secular civilization.[1]
Since the declaration of independence, Montenegro has established diplomatic relations with Israel. Israel in Montenegro presents a non-resident ambassador.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Jevreji u Crnoj Gori". jevzajcg.me. Retrieved 11 March 2019.
- ^ "2007 Statistical Yearbook of Montenegro, p238". Archived from the original on 2009-10-16. Retrieved 2010-10-11.
- ^ Liphshitz, Cnaan "Montenegro gets a rabbi while waiting for a synagogue" JTA November 3, 2017 https://www.jta.org/2017/11/03/news-opinion/world/montenegro-gets-a-rabbi-while-waiting-for-a-synagogue
- ^ "In Montenegro, cornerstone laid for first synagogue in centuries" JTA December 22, 2017 https://www.timesofisrael.com/in-montenegro-cornerstone-laid-for-first-synagogue-in-centuries/
- ^ "SHABBETHAI ẒEBI B. MORDECAI - JewishEncyclopedia.com". www.jewishencyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2019-10-23.