Liberalism in Russia
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Within
Russian opposition
and pro-government liberal political parties in Russia. Pro-government liberal politicians support Putin's policy in economics.
There are no liberal factions in Russian parliament at the moment.
Centre-right liberalism was represented by the pro-capitalist party Democratic Choice of Russia (15.51% in 1993) and its successor, the Union of Right Forces (8.52% in 1999 election
).
Yabloko and the Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party are members of Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party.[1] Yabloko is also a member of Liberal International
.
Liberalism in the Russian Federation
History
Liberalism emerged in Russia before the Russian Revolution and continued to develop among Constitutional Democrats such as
right-of-center liberal party. It can also be seen as a democratic conservative market party. In this scheme, the party is not included as liberal, being considered a democratic conservative party, but it can also be called liberal because of its pro-free-market and anti-authoritarianism stances. The so-called Liberal Democratic Party of Russia is not at all "liberal" – it is a nationalist, right-wing, populist
party.
Yabloko (1993–)
- 1993: Diverse new political parties merged into the social liberal Grigorii Yavlinskii.
- 1994: The party is renamed Yabloko (Yabloko).
- 1995: The party is officially registered.
- 2003: The party is renamed Russian Democratic Party Yabloko (Rosiyskaya Demokraticheskaya Partiya/Российская Демократическая Партия Яблоко).
The Yabloko is a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party and Liberal International.
Pro-Chernomyrdin and regional party (1995–2000)
![[icon]](/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (January 2015) |
Democratic Choice of Russia (1993–1999)
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The Democratic Choice of Russia was a centre-right liberal pro-capitalist political party.
Union of Right Forces (1999–2008)
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The Union of Right Forces was a Russian centre-right liberal opposition political party.
Pro-Vladimir Putin liberal projects
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Solidarnost wide movement (2008–)
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Solidarnost is a liberal democratic political movement founded in 2008 by a number of well-known members of the liberal democratic opposition, including Garry Kasparov, Boris Nemtsov and others from the Yabloko and former Union of Right Forces (which had just merged with two pro-Kremlin parties).
Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party (de facto 2010–)
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2013) |
2017 Russian protests
, organized by Russia's liberal oppositionRepublican Party of Russia, Solidarnost, Russian People's Democratic Union and Democratic Choice. The RPR-PARNAS is a member of Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party.[1]
In 2012, the coalition merged into the officially registered
Russian political party
RPR-PARNAS (Republican Party of Russia – People's Freedom Party).
The RPR-PARNAS is a centre-right liberal opposition political party and it represented in regional parliament in Yaroslavl Oblast.
Mikhail Prokhorov's party
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Russian Empire
Background
Mikhail Speransky is sometimes called the father of Russian liberalism.[citation needed] His ideas were discussed and elaborated by such 19th-century liberal republican radicals as Alexander Herzen, Boris Chicherin, and Konstantin Kavelin. Based on their ideals, various early 20th-century liberal parties evolved, the most important of them being the Constitutional-Democratic Party, headed by Pavel Milyukov.
From Liberation Union to Constitutional Democratic Party
- 1905: The Liberation Union (Soyuz Osvobozhdeniya) merged with the Union of Zemstvo-Constitutionalists (Soyuz Zemstev-Konstitutsionistov) to form the liberal Constitutional Democratic Party (Konstitutsiono-Demokraticheskaya Partya), formally known as the Party of Popular Freedom (Partiya Narodnoy Svobody), led by Pavel Milyukov.
- 1906: A faction forms the ⇒ Party of Democratic Reform
- October 26 O.S., 1917: The party's newspapers were shut down by the new Soviet regime
- November 28 O.S., 1917: Banned by the Soviet regime, the party went underground
- 1918-1920: Many party leaders were active in the White movement
- 1921-early 1930s: The party continued to function in exile, but slowly disintegrated
Union of October 17
- 1905: Conservative liberals formed the Union of October 17 (Soyuz Semnadtsatovo Oktyabrya) and became known as Octobrists.
- 1906: A left wing faction formed the ⇒ Party for Peaceful Renewal, the party develops to be the party of the landlords.
- March 1917: Dissolved after the February Revolution.
Moderate Progressive Party
- 1905: National liberals established the Moderate Progressive Party (Umereno-Progresivnaya Partiya).
- 1907: Merged into the ⇒ Party for Peaceful Renewal.
Party of Democratic Reform
- 1906: A moderate faction of the ⇒ Constitutional Democratic Party formed the Party of Democratic Reform (Partiya Demokraticheskikh Reform).
- 1912: Merged into the ⇒ Progressive Party.
From Party of Peaceful Renovation to Progressist Party
- 1906: A left-wing faction of the Octobrists, together with dissidents of the Constitutional Democratic Party and of the Moderate Progressive Party, established the Party of Peaceful Renovation (Partiya Mirnovo Obnovleniya).
- 1912: Merged with the ⇒ Party of Democratic Reform into the Progressist Party (Progresivnaya Partiya), led by Georgy Lvov.
- 1917: Most of the party merged into the ⇒ Constitutional Democratic Party, some continued as the Radical Democratic Party (Radikal'no-Demokraticheskaya Partiya).
List of various liberal leaders
See also
- History of Russia
- Politics of Russia
- Political parties in Russia
References
- ^ a b "Новости". Archived from the original on 2013-12-17. Retrieved 2013-12-10.
- ^ Jansen, Dinah (2015). After October: Russian Liberalism as a 'Work in Progress,' 1919-1945 (thesis). Kingston.
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