Cueros de Purulla

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Coordinates: 26°33′S 67°49′W / 26.550°S 67.817°W / -26.550; -67.817
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Cueros de Purulla
Cueros de Purulla is located in Argentina
Cueros de Purulla
Cueros de Purulla
Highest point
Coordinates26°33′S 67°49′W / 26.550°S 67.817°W / -26.550; -67.817[1]

Cueros de Purulla is a volcano in

Valles Calchaquies
.

Geography and geomorphology

The volcano lies in Catamarca Province of Argentina[2] 60–70 kilometres (37–43 mi) southeast of Antofagasta de la Sierra.[3] Cerro Blanco volcano lies 25 kilometres (16 mi) south of Cueros de Purulla.[1]

It is the northern of two lava domes which lie at the southern end of the Sierra de Calalaste[4] and on its eastern flank.[5] A 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) wide horseshoe-shaped collapse scar dominates the edifice of the lava dome and has generated large debris block.[6] and hummocky debris.[7] A second edifice developed within the collapse scar.[8] The total volume of the volcano is about 5.19 cubic kilometres (1.25 cu mi).[9]

The volcano is accompanied by

pyroclastic density current deposits.[11]

The volcano is part of the Southern

monogenetic volcanoes.[12] The basement under Cueros de Purulla consists of Ordovician sediments, which are metamorphosed and intruded by volcanic rocks. This basement during the Permian was covered by continental sediments, and later during the Miocene to Holocene by volcanic rocks.[5]

Composition and ores

Volcanic rocks erupted at Cueros de Purulla are

clinopyroxene, epidote, feldspar, ilmenite, magnetite, muscovite, quartz, titanite and zircon.[11] The volcanic rocks have been subdivided into three separate units, depending on whether they formed before the collapse or after it took place.[6]

For the past five millennia,[14] the volcano has been used as a source of obsidian, which occurs at 4,380 metres (14,370 ft) in the form of blocks and nodules of various colours, and is of high quality.[3] Reportedly, gold and silver can be found at the volcano.[15][16]

Eruption history

The lava dome at Cueros de Purulla is 400,000 ± 100,000 years old

block-and-ash flows.[13] Based on the stratigraphic relations with volcanic rocks from Cerro Blanco, Cueros de Purulla was active during the last 73,000 years.[18]

The "El Paso ash" in the Tafí valley was emplaced between 11802 and 4289 years

before present and may originate at Cueros de Purulla volcano.[19] A large eruption occurred during the Holocene, 7820 years before present (i.e. about 5870 BC).[20] Deposits from this eruption form the Cerro Paranilla Ash in the Calchaquí Valleys,[21] while a correlation to the 12,000-4,300 years before present[22] so-called "VO ash" is unlikely.[23] The eruption was highly explosive, forming a buoyant cloud[24] and depositing tephra as far as Cafayate in the Salta Province.[25] However, it is possible that deposits close to Cueros de Purulla might originate from activity at Cerro Blanco instead.[26]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Fernandez-Turiel et al. 2019, p. 4.
  2. ^ Escola, Elías & Cohen 2016, p. 216.
  3. ^
    ISSN 0718-1043
    .
  4. ^ a b Seggiaro, Raúl E.; Hongn, Fernando D.; Castillo, Alfredo; Pereyra, Fernando Xavier; Villegas, Daniela; Martínez, Liliana; González, Osvaldo Edgar (2006). Hoja Geológica 2769-II Paso San Francisco. Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino. Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales. p. 26.
  5. ^ a b c Bertea et al. 2021, p. 286.
  6. ^ a b Bertea et al. 2021, p. 291.
  7. ^ Bertea et al. 2021, p. 293.
  8. ^ Bertea et al. 2021, p. 295.
  9. ^ Bertea et al. 2021, p. 305.
  10. ^ Fernandez-Turiel et al. 2019, p. 6.
  11. ^ a b Fernandez-Turiel et al. 2019, p. 7.
  12. ^ Bertea et al. 2021, p. 285.
  13. ^ a b Bertea et al. 2021, p. 300.
  14. ^ Escola, Elías & Cohen 2016, p. 219.
  15. ^ Donnari, Eva I.; Peralta, Eduardo H.; Segal, Susana J.; Zanettini, Juan Carlos M.; Maksaev, Víctor; Mpdozis, Constantino (1994). "Mapa Metalogenético de la Frontera Argentino-Chilena entre los 22º y 34º de Latitud Sur". Anales del SEGEMAR: 22.
  16. ISSN 0169-1368
    .
  17. ^ Kay, Suzanne Mahlburg; Coira, Beatriz; Mpodozis, Constantino (August 2006). LATE NEOGENE VOLCANISM IN THE CERRO BLANCO REGIONOF THE PUNA AUSTRAL, ARGENTINA (~26.5°S, ~67.5°W) (PDF). XI Congreso Geologico Chileno. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 27, 2020. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
  18. ^ Bertea et al. 2021, p. 287.
  19. S2CID 212884786
    .
  20. S2CID 198418382
    .
  21. S2CID 198418382
    .
  22. ^ Báez et al. 2024, p. 9.
  23. ^ Báez et al. 2024, p. 13.
  24. ^ Fernandez-Turiel et al. 2019, p. 21.
  25. ^ Fernandez-Turiel et al. 2019, p. 3.
  26. ^ Báez et al. 2024, p. 10.

Sources

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