Discrimination based on nationality

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Policies Algorithmic wage discrimination Age of candidacy Apartheid in South Africa in Israel Blood purity Blood quantum Breadwinner model Conscription and sexism Disabilities Catholic Jewish Disparate impact Fagging Gender pay gap Gender roles Protecting Women's Private Spaces Act Gerontocracy Gerrymandering Ghetto benches Internment Jewish quota Opposition to LGBTQ rights MSM blood donation restrictions No kid zone Numerus clausus (as religious or racial quota) One-drop rule Racial quota Racial steering Redlining Same-sex marriage (laws and issues prohibiting) Segregation age racial Jim Crow laws Nuremberg Laws Segregation academy religious sexual in Islam Social exclusion Sodomy law State atheism State religion Ugly law Voter suppression White Australia policy
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Discrimination based on nationality is discrimination against a person based on their nationality, citizenship, or naturalization. Many countries' non-discrimination laws contain exceptions for nationality and immigration status.^[1]

The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD), currently signed by 88 countries,^[2] allows discrimination by nationality, citizenship or naturalization but prohibits discrimination "against any particular nationality".^[3]

1. In this Convention, the term "racial discrimination" shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.

2. This Convention shall not apply to distinctions, exclusions, restrictions or preferences made by a State Party to this Convention between citizens and non-citizens.

3. Nothing in this Convention may be interpreted as affecting in any way the legal provisions of States Parties concerning nationality, citizenship or naturalization, provided that such provisions do not discriminate against any particular nationality.

— International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, Article 1

Article 7(1) of the

Some international investment agreements also prohibit discrimination based on the nationality of the investor.[6]^[7]

Prohibition of discrimination based on nationality for nationals of European single market member states is a key aspect of the European single market.^[8] Article 18 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) bans discrimination based on nationality within the scope of the treaties. According to the European Court of Justice, this prohibition is not applicable to non-nationals of member states of the European Union or European single market.^[9]

Many states have travel and immigration laws based on nationality, for example offering

A well-known example of discrimination on the basis of nationality is the Executive Order 13769 ("Muslim ban") in which nationals of several Muslim-majority states were prohibited from traveling to the United States.^[10]

Nationality is related to race and religion, so direct discrimination on the basis of nationality may be

According to Gareth Davies, eliminating discrimination based on nationality would create polities based on residence rather than citizenship.[13]

One study found that foreign

• Nationality#Nationality versus citizenship
• Democratic globalization