Manganese(III) chloride

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Manganese(III) chloride
Names
Other names
  • Manganese trichloride
Identifiers
3D model (
JSmol
)
ChemSpider
  • InChI=1S/3ClH.Mn/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3
    Key: UDBAOKKMUMKEGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-K
SMILES
  • Cl[Mn](Cl)Cl
Properties
MnCl3
Molar mass 161.30 g/mol
Melting point −18 °C (0 °F; 255 K)
Related compounds
Related compounds
 Manganese(II) chloride, Manganese(III) fluoride, Bis(triphenylphosphineoxide) manganese(III) chloride, Manganese(III) acetate, Manganese(III) acetylacetonate
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

Manganese(III) chloride is the hypothetical inorganic compound with the formula MnCl3.

The existence of this

technetium(III) chloride
—are all isolable compounds.

History of MnCl3 and its adducts

MnCl3 was claimed to be a dark solid and produced by the reaction of "anhydrous manganese(III) acetate" and liquid hydrogen chloride at −100 °C and decomposes above -40 °C.[3] Other claims involved reaction of manganese(III) oxide, manganese(III) oxide-hydroxide, and basic manganese acetate with hydrochloric acid. Given recent investigations however, such claims have been disproved or called into serious doubt.[4] Specifically, all known compounds containing MnCl3 are known to be solvent or ligand-stabilized adducts.

Adducts

MnCl3(OPPh3)2, a stable derivative form of MnCl3

MnCl3 can be stabilized by complexation to diverse

Lewis bases, as has been established over the course of many years of study.[4] Meta stable acetonitrile-solvated Mn(III)Cl3 can be prepared at room temperature by treating [Mn12O12(OAc)16(H2O)4] with trimethylsilyl chloride.[5] The treatment of permanganate salts with trimethylsilylchloride generates solutions containing Mn(III)–Cl species for alkene dichlorination reactions;[6][7][8] electrocatalytic methods that use Mn(III)–Cl intermediates have been developed for the same purpose.[9][10]

The reaction of manganese dioxide with hydrochloric acid in tetrahydrofuran gives MnCl3(H2O)(THF)2.[4] Manganese(III) fluoride suspended in THF reacts with boron trichloride, giving MnCl3(THF)3 which has the appearance of dark purple prisms.[4] This compound has a monoclinic crystal structure, reacts with water, and decomposes at room temperature.[4]

The most readily handled of this series of adducts is MnCl3(OPPh3)2.[11]

Pentachloromanganate(III)

Another common manganese(III) chloride compound is the pentachloromanganate(III) dianion. It is usually charge balanced with

trimethylsilylchloride, collecting the resulting purple solid in the dark, and then treating this solid with 0.6 M solution of tetraethylammonium chloride.[5]
The green product is air stable but should be kept in the dark.

Manganese(III) monochloride compounds

Some

epoxidation. Tetraphenylporphyrin
Mn(III)Cl is a related commercially available compound.

Other manganese(III) chloride complexes

References

  1. OCLC 48056955
    .
  2. ISSN 0368-1769
    .
  3. ^ A. Chretien; G. Varga (1936). "Le chlorure de manganèse trivalent". Bulletin de la Société Chimique de France (in French) (3): 2385–2394.
  4. ^
    doi:10.1002/zaac.201500106
    .
  5. ^
    ISSN 0020-1669
    .
  6. ISSN 0040-4039
    .
  7. doi:10.1039/DT98900BX019
    .
  8. ISSN 2624-781X
    .
  9. PMID 28988482
    .
  10. S2CID 231731258
    .
  11. S2CID 252110339
    .
  12. ^
    ISSN 1364-5447
    .
  13. ISSN 0366-7022
    .
  14. ISSN 0577-6171
    .
  15. ISSN 0366-7022
    .
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