1953 Chinese census
First National Census | ||
---|---|---|
| ||
General information | ||
Country | China | |
Results | ||
Total population | 582,603,417 | |
Most populous | Henan | |
Least populous | Tibet Autonomous Region |
The 1953 Chinese census, officially the First National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, was conducted by the
Results
Total population
The official summaries listed the total population of Mainland China in 1953 as 582,603,417.
Demographics
13.26% of the population (77,257,282 persons) were listed as residing in urban areas comprising 163 cities,[n 1] industrial and mining districts,[n 2] and about 1450 towns.[n 3] Of the urban population, roughly 1 in 12 resided in Shanghai.
Distribution
City | Province/Municipality/Region/Autonomous Region | Population 1953 Census[1][2] |
Population previous estimates[3][4] |
Numerical Change | Relative Change |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Huainan | Anhui | 286,900 | — | — | — |
Bengbu | Anhui | 253,000 | 201,000 | 52,000 | 25.87% |
Wuhu | Anhui | 242,100 | 204,000 | 38,100 | 18.68% |
Hefei | Anhui | 183,600 | 70,000 | 113,600 | 162.3% |
Anqing | Anhui | 105,300 | 121,000 | 15,700 | -12.98% |
Tunxi | Anhui | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Hangzhou | Zhejiang | 696,600 | 518,000 | 178,600 | 34.48% |
Ningbo | Zhejiang | 237,500 | 210,000 | 27,500 | 13.10% |
Wenzhou | Zhejiang | 201,600 | 157,000 | 44,600 | 28.41% |
Shaoxing | Zhejiang | 130,600 | 93,000 | 37,600 | 40.43% |
Jiaxing | Zhejiang | 78,300 | 53,000 | 25,300 | 47.7% |
Huzhou | Zhejiang | 62,700 | 45,000 | 17,700 | 39.3% |
Jinhua | Zhejiang | 46,200 | 23,000 | 23,200 | 101% |
Fuzhou | Fujian | 553,000 | 331,000 | 222,000 | 67.1% |
Xiamen | Fujian | 224,300 | 158,000 | 66,300 | 41.96% |
Quanzhou | Fujian | 107,700 | 121,000 | 13,300 | -10.99% |
Zhangzhou | Fujian | 81,200 | 62,000 | 19,200 | 31.0% |
Harbin | Municipality of Harbin | 1,163,000 | 760,000 | 403,000 | 53.03% |
Qiqihar | Heilongjiang | 344,700 | 175,000 | 169,700 | 96.97% |
Mudanjiang | Songjiang | 151,400 | 200,000 | 48,600 | -24.3% |
Jiamusi | Songjiang | 146,000 | 168,000 | 18,000 | -10.7% |
Hegang | Songjiang | 90,000 | — | — | — |
Zhengzhou | Henan | 594,700 | 197,000 | 397,700 | 201.9% |
Kaifeng | Henan | 299,100 | 303,000 | 3,900 | -1.29% |
Luoyang | Henan | 171,200 | 77,000 | 94,200 | 122.3% |
Xinxiang | Henan | 170,500 | — | — | — |
Shangqiu | Henan | 134,400 | 70,000 | 64,400 | 92.0% |
Anyang | Henan | 124,900 | 60,000 | 64,900 | 108.2% |
Zhoukou | Henan | 85,500 | 200,000 | 114,500 | -57.3% |
Xuchang | Henan | 58,000 | 50,000 | 8,000 | 16.0% |
Nanyang | Henan | >50,000 | 50,000 | — | — |
Xinyang | Henan | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Zhumadian | Henan | <50,000 | — | — | — |
Luohe | Henan | <50,000 | — | — | — |
Beijing | Municipality of Beijing | 2,768,149 | 1,603,000 | 1,165,000 | 72.68% |
Tianjin | Municipality of Tianjin | 2,693,831 | 1,687,000 | 1,007,000 | 59.69% |
Tangshan | Hebei | 693,300 | 137,000 | 556,300 | 406.1% |
Shijiazhuang | Hebei | 373,400 | 125,000 | 248,400 | 198.7% |
Zhangjiakou | Hebei | 229,300 | 151,000 | 78,300 | 51.85% |
Baoding | Hebei | 197,000 | 130,000 | 67,000 | 51.5% |
Qinhuangdao | Hebei | 186,800 | 100,000 | 86,800 | 86.80% |
Xuanhua City
|
Hebei | 114,100 | — | — | — |
Chengde | Rehe | 92,900 | 60,000 | 32,900 | 54.8% |
Hangu City
|
Municipality of Tianjin | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Handan | Hebei | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Botou(Cangzhou) | Hebei | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Xingtai | Hebei | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Tongzhou
|
Hebei | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Changsha | Hunan | 650,600 | 396,000 | 254,600 | 64.29% |
Hengyang | Hunan | 235,000 | 181,000 | 54,000 | 29.8% |
Xiangtan | Hunan | 183,600 | 83,000 | 100,600 | 121.2% |
Zhuzhou | Hunan | 127,300 | — | — | — |
Shaoyang | Hunan | 117,700 | 76,000 | 41,700 | 54.87% |
Changde | Hunan | 94,800 | 50,000 | 44,800 | 89.6% |
Jinshi(Changde) | Hunan | >50,000 | 58,000 | — | — |
Yiyang | Hunan | >50,000 | 80,000 | — | — |
Hongjiang | Hunan | <50,000 | — | — | — |
Wuhan | Municipality of Wuhan | 1,427,300 | 1,100,000 | 327,300 | 29.73% |
Huangshi | Hubei | 110,500 | — | — | — |
Shashi City
|
Hubei | 85,800 | 114,000 | 28,200 | -24.7% |
Xiangfan
|
Hubei | 73,300 | 66,000 | 7,300 | 11.1% |
Yichang | Hubei | >50,000 | 81,000 | — | — |
Baotou | Suiyuan | 149,400 | 82,000 | 67,400 | 82.2% |
Guisui
|
Suiyuan | 148,400 | 110,000 | 38,400 | 34.9% |
Ulanhot(Hinggan League) | Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
|
51,400 | — | — | — |
Hailar(Hulunbuir Nunmoron League)
|
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
|
43,200 | 16,000 | 27,200 | 170% |
Manzhouli(Hulunbuir Nunmoron League) | Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
|
<50,000 | — | — | — |
Tongliao(Jirem League) | Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
|
<50,000 | — | — | — |
Lanzhou | Gansu | 387,400 | 156,000 | 231,400 | 148.3% |
Tianshui | Gansu | 63,000 | 50,000 | 13,000 | 26% |
Linxia City | Gansu | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Pingliang | Gansu | >50,000 | 55,000 | — | — |
Nanchang | Jiangxi | 398,200 | 267,000 | 131,200 | 49.1% |
Ganzhou | Jiangxi | 98,600 | 59,000 | 39,600 | 67.1% |
Jingdezhen | Jiangxi | 92,000 | 87,000 | 5,000 | 5.7% |
Jiujiang | Jiangxi | 64,600 | 121,000 | 56,400 | -46.6% |
Ji'an | Jiangxi | 52,800 | 69,000 | 16,200 | -23.5% |
Shangrao | Jiangxi | >50,000 | 31,000 | — | — |
Shanghai | Municipality of Shanghai | 6,204,417 | 4,300,000 | 1,900,000 | 44.2% |
Nanjing | Jiangsu | 1,091,600 | 1,137,000 | 45,400 | -3.99% |
Wuxi | Jiangsu | 581,500 | 273,000 | 308,500 | 113.0% |
Suzhou | Jiangsu | 474,000 | 381,000 | 93,000 | 24.4% |
Xuzhou | Jiangsu | 373,200 | 340,000 | 33,200 | 9.76% |
Changzhou | Jiangsu | 296,500 | 125,000 | 171,500 | 137.2% |
Nantong | Jiangsu | 260,400 | 133,000 | 127,400 | 95.79% |
Xinhailian
|
Jiangsu | 207,600 | 48,000 | 159,600 | 332.5% |
Zhenjiang | Jiangsu | 201,400 | 179,000 | 22,400 | 12.5% |
Yangzhou | Jiangsu | 180,200 | 127,000 | 53,200 | 41.9% |
Taizhou | Jiangsu | 159,800 | 131,000 | 28,800 | 22.0% |
Changshu | Jiangsu | 101,400 | 64,000 | 37,400 | 58.4% |
Qingjiang | Jiangsu | 77,000 | 47,000 | 30,000 | 65% |
Changchun | Municipality of Changchun | 855,200 | 630,000 | 225,200 | 35.75% |
Jilin | Jilin | 435,400 | 247,000 | 188,400 | 76.28% |
Tonghua | Liaodong
|
129,100 | 80,000 | 49,100 | 61.4% |
Siping | Liaoxi | 125,900 | 76,000 | 49,900 | 65.7% |
Liaoyuan | Liaodong
|
120,100 | — | — | — |
Yanji(Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture) | Jilin | 70,000 | 43,000 | 37,000 | 86% |
Nanning | Guangxi | 194,900 | 203,000 | 8,100 | -4.0% |
Liuzhou | Guangxi | 158,800 | 208,000 | 49,200 | -23.65% |
Guilin | Guangxi | 145,100 | 142,000 | 3,100 | 2.18% |
Wuzhou | Guangxi | 110,800 | 207,000 | 96,200 | -46.5% |
Guangzhou | Municipality of Guangzhou | 1,598,900 | 1,413,000 | 185,900 | 13.16% |
Shantou | Guangdong | 280,400 | 215,000 | 65,400 | 30.4% |
Zhanjiang | Guangdong | 166,000 | 268,000 | 102,000 | -38.1% |
Haikou | Guangdong | 135,300 | 60,000 | 75,300 | 126% |
Foshan | Guangdong | 122,500 | 96,000 | 26,500 | 27.6% |
Chaozhou | Guangdong | 101,300 | 59,000 | 42,300 | 71.7% |
Jiangmen | Guangdong | 85,000 | 50,000 | 35,000 | 70% |
Shaoguan | Guangdong | 81,700 | 73,000 | 8,700 | 11.9% |
Beihai | Guangxi | >50,000 | 36,000 | — | — |
Guiyang | Guizhou | 270,900 | 240,000 | 30,900 | 12.9% |
Zunyi | Guizhou | 97,500 | 66,000 | 31,500 | 47.7% |
Shenyang | Municipality of Shenyang | 2,299,900 | 1,121,000 | 1,178,900 | 105.1% |
Dalian | Municipality of Lüda
|
766,400 | 544,000 | 222,400 | 40.88% |
Fushun | Municipality of Fushun | 678,600 | 280,000 | 398,600 | 142.4% |
Anshan | Municipality of Anshan | 548,900 | 166,000 | 382,900 | 230.7% |
Benxi | Municipality of Benxi | 449,000 | 98,000 | 351,000 | 358% |
Andong | Liaodong
|
360,000 | 271,000 | 89,000 | 32.8% |
Jinzhou | Liaoxi | 352,200 | 148,000 | 104,200 | 70.4% |
Fuxin | Liaoxi | 188,600 | 166,000 | 22,600 | 13.6% |
Yingkou | Liaodong
|
131,400 | 159,000 | 27,600 | -17.4% |
Lüshun
|
Municipality of Lüda
|
126,000 | 27,000 | 99,000 | 367% |
Liaoyang | Liaodong
|
>100,000 | 102,000 | — | — |
Yinchuan | Ningxia | 84,000 | 41,000 | 43,000 | 105% |
Wuzhong | Ningxia | <50,000 | — | — | — |
Taiyuan | Shanxi | 720,700 | 252,000 | 468,700 | 186.0% |
Datong | Shanxi | 228,500 | 80,000 | 148,500 | 185.6% |
Yangquan | Shanxi | 177,400 | — | — | — |
Changzhi | Shanxi | 97,800 | — | — | — |
Yuci | Shanxi | 60,000 | — | — | — |
Qingdao | Shandong | 916,800 | 788,000 | 128,800 | 16.35% |
Jinan | Shandong | 680,100 | 575,000 | 105,100 | 18.3% |
Zibo | Shandong | 184,200 | — | — | — |
Weifang | Shandong | 148,900 | — | — | — |
Jining | Shandong | 86,200 | 150,000 | 63,800 | -42.5% |
Zhangzhou | Shandong | >50,000 | — | — | — |
Linqing(Liaocheng) | Shandong | <50,000 | 50,000 | — | — |
Dezhou | Shandong | <50,000 | — | — | — |
Weihai | Shandong | <50,000 | 175,000 | — | — |
Xi'an | Municipality of Xi'an | 787,300 | 503,000 | 284,300 | 56.52% |
Baoji | Shaanxi | 130,100 | 56,000 | 84,100 | 150% |
Hanzhong | Shaanxi | >50,000 | 59,000 | — | — |
Xianyang | Shaanxi | >50,000 | 16,000 | — | — |
Dihua
|
Xinjiang | 140,700 | 70,000 | 70,700 | 101% |
Qulja | Xinjiang | 108,200 | — | — | — |
Kashgar | Xinjiang | 91,000 | 50,000 | 41,000 | 82% |
Chongqing | Municipality of Chongqing | 1,772,500 | 1,000,000 | 772,500 | 77.3% |
Chengdu | Sichuan | 856,700 | 648,000 | 208,700 | 32.21% |
Zigong | Sichuan | 291,300 | 223,000 | 68,300 | 30.6% |
Luzhou | Sichuan | 289,000 | 50,000 | 239,000 | 478% |
Wutongqiao City
|
Sichuan | 199,100 | — | — | — |
Neijiang | Sichuan | 190,200 | 32,000 | 158,200 | 494% |
Yibin | Sichuan | 177,500 | 80,000 | 97,500 | 121.9% |
Nanchong | Sichuan | 164,700 | 60,000 | 104,700 | 174.5% |
Beibei
|
Municipality of Chongqing | >100,000 | — | — | — |
Ya'an | Xikang | 55,200 | — | — | — |
Wanxian
|
Sichuan | >50,000 | 110,000 | — | — |
Hechuan
|
Sichuan | >50,000 | 40,000 | — | — |
Lhasa | Tibet Region
|
50,000 | — | — | — |
Xining | Qinghai | 93,700 | 59,000 | 34,700 | 58.8% |
Kunming | Yunnan | 698,900 | 300,000 | 398,900 | 133.0% |
Gejiu | Yunnan | 159,700 | 16,000 | 143,700 | 898% |
Xiaguan City
|
Yunnan | 26,200 | — | — | — |
Controversy
China had never previously had an official national census in the modern period
See also
Notes
References
- JSTOR 211567.
- ^ Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 2d ed. (Moscow), 1958. Op cit. in Shabad, supra.
- JSTOR 2561073. Op cit. in Shabad, supra.
- ^ Seltzer, L.E. (ed.) Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World. (New York), 1952 (Using prior surveys from 1948). Op cit. in Shabad, supra.
- JSTOR 2560922.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica. "China". 1911.
- ^ Cressey, George B. Land of the 500 Million, p. 9. 1955. Op. cit. in Shabad, supra.