Scranton, Pennsylvania
Scranton | |
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Lackawanna Coal Mine Courthouse Square | |
570 and 272 | |
FIPS code | 42-69000 |
GNIS feature ID | 634293[3] |
Website | www |
Scranton is a city in and the county seat of Lackawanna County, Pennsylvania, United States. With a population of 76,328 as of the 2020 U.S. census,[4] Scranton is the most populous city in Northeastern Pennsylvania and the Wyoming Valley metropolitan area, which has a population of 562,037 as of 2020. It is the sixth-most populous city in Pennsylvania.[5]
The contiguous network of five cities and more than 40 boroughs all built in a straight line in Northeastern Pennsylvania's urban core act culturally and logistically as one continuous city, so while Scranton is a mid-sized city, the larger Scranton/Wilkes-Barre metropolitan area contains half a million residents in roughly 300 square miles (780 km2). Scranton/Wilkes-Barre is the cultural and economic center of Northeastern Pennsylvania, a region of the state with over 1.3 million residents.
Scranton hosts a
Scranton was incorporated on February 14, 1856, as a borough in Luzerne County and as a city on April 23, 1866. It became a major industrial city and a center of mining and railroads; it attracted thousands of new immigrants. It was the site of the Scranton general strike in 1877. The city was designated as the county seat when Lackawanna County was established in 1878, and a judicial district was authorized in July 1879.
The city's nickname "Electric City" began when electric lights were introduced in 1880 at the
The city's industrial production and population peaked in the 1930s and 1940s, fueled by demand for coal and textiles, especially during
Scranton is located 77 miles (124 km) north of Allentown, 120 miles (190 km) north of Philadelphia, and 120 miles (190 km) northwest of New York City.
History
18th century
In 1778, during the colonial era, Isaac Tripp, the area's first known white settler, built his home here; it still stands in North Scranton, formerly a separate town known as Providence. More settlers from Connecticut Colony came to the area in the late 18th and early 19th centuries following the end of the American Revolutionary War, since their state claimed the area as part of their colonial charter.
They gradually established mills and other small businesses in a village that became known as Slocum Hollow. People in the village during this time carried the traits and accent of their
19th century
Though anthracite coal was being mined in Carbondale to the north and Wilkes-Barre to the south, the industries that precipitated the city's early rapid growth were iron and steel. In the 1840s, brothers Selden T. and George W. Scranton, who had worked at Oxford Furnace in Oxford, New Jersey, founded what became Lackawanna Iron & Coal, later developing as the Lackawanna Steel Company. It initially started producing iron nails, but that venture failed due to low-quality iron. The Erie Railroad's construction in New York State was delayed by its having to acquire iron rails as imports from England. The Scrantons' firm decided to switch its focus to producing T-rails for the Erie; the company soon became a major producer of rails for the rapidly expanding railroads.
In 1851, the Scrantons built the
The Pennsylvania Coal Company built a
During this short period of time, the city rapidly transformed from a small, agrarian-based village of people with New England roots to a multicultural, industrial-based city. From 1860 to 1900, the city's population increased more than tenfold. Most new immigrants, such as the Irish, Italians, and south Germans and Polish, were Catholic, a contrast to the majority-Protestant early settlers of colonial descent. National, ethnic, religious and class differences were wrapped into political affiliations, with many new immigrants joining the Democratic Party, and, for a time in the late 1870s, the Greenbacker-Labor Party.
In 1856, the borough of Scranton was officially incorporated. It was incorporated as a city of 35,000 in 1866 in Luzerne County, when the surrounding boroughs of Hyde Park (now part of the city's West Side) and Providence (now part of North Scranton) were merged with Scranton. Twelve years later in 1878, the state passed a law enabling creation of new counties where a county's population surpassed 150,000, as did Luzerne's. The law appeared to enable the creation of Lackawanna County, and there was considerable political agitation around the authorizing process. Scranton was designated by the state legislature as the county seat of the newly formed county, which was also established as a separate judicial district, with state judges moving over from Luzerne County after courts were organized in October 1878. This was the last county in the state to be organized.
Creation of the new county, which enabled both more local control and political patronage, helped begin the
The nation's first successful, continuously operating electrified
As the vast rail network spread above ground, an even larger network of railways served the rapidly expanding system of coal veins underground. Miners, who in the early years were typically Welsh and Irish, were hired as cheaply as possible by the coal barons. The workers endured low pay, long hours and unsafe working conditions. Children as young as eight or nine worked 14-hour days separating slate from coal in the breakers. Often, the workers were forced to use company-provided housing and purchase food and other goods from stores owned by the coal companies. With hundreds of thousands of immigrants arriving in the industrial cities, mine owners did not have to search for labor and workers struggled to keep their positions. Later miners came from Italy and eastern Europe, which people fled because of poverty and lack of jobs.
Business was booming at the end of the 19th century. The tonnage of coal mined increased virtually every year, as did the steel manufactured by the Lackawanna Steel Company. At one point the company had the largest steel plant in the United States, and it was still the second largest producer at the turn of the 20th century. By 1900, the city had a population of more than 100,000.
In the late 1890s, Scranton was home to a series of early International League baseball teams.
Scranton has had a notable labor history; various coal worker unions struggled throughout the coal-mining era to improve working conditions, raise wages, and guarantee fair treatment for workers.
The labor issues and growth of industry in Scranton contributed to Lackawanna County being established by the state legislature in 1878, with territory taken from Luzerne County. Scranton was designated as the county seat. This strengthened its local government.
The unions failed to gain higher wages that year, but in 1878 they elected labor leader
20th century
The landmark
At the 1900 United States census, the population of Scranton was about 102,026, making it the third-largest city in Pennsylvania and 38th-largest U.S. city at the time.[12] At the turn of the 20th century, wealthy businessmen and industrialists built impressive Victorian mansions in the Hill and Green Ridge sections of the city. The industrial workers, who tended to be later immigrants from Ireland and southern and eastern Europe, were predominately Catholic. With a flood of immigrants in the market, they suffered poor working conditions and wages.
In 1902, the dwindling local iron ore supply, labor issues, and an aging plant cost the city the industry on which it was founded. The Lackawanna Steel Company and many of its workers were moved to Lackawanna, New York, developed on Lake Erie just south of Buffalo. With a port on the lake, the company could receive iron ore shipped from the Mesabi Range in Minnesota, which was being newly mined.
Scranton forged ahead as the capital of the anthracite coal industry. Attracting the thousands of workers needed to mine coal, the city developed new neighborhoods dominated by Italian and Eastern European immigrants, who brought their foods, cultures and religions. Many of the immigrants joined the Democratic Party. Their national churches and neighborhoods were part of the history of the city. Several
The sub-surface mining weakened whole neighborhoods, however, damaging homes, schools, and businesses when the land collapsed. In 1913 the state passed the Davis Act to establish the Bureau of Surface Support in Scranton. Because of the difficulty in dealing with the coal companies, citizens organized the Scranton Surface Protection Association, chartered by the Court of Common Pleas on November 24, 1913 "to protect the lives and property of the citizens of the City of Scranton and the streets of said city from injury, loss and damage caused by mining and mine caves."[13]
In 1915 and 1917, the city and Commonwealth sought injunctions to prevent coal companies from undermining city streets but lost their cases. North Main Avenue and Boulevard Avenue, "both entitled to surface support, caved in as a result" of court decisions that went against civil authorities and allowed the coal companies to continue their operations.[13]
"The case of Penman v. Jones came out differently. The Lackawanna Iron & Coal Co. had leased coal lands to the Lackawanna Iron & Steel Co., an allied interest, which passed the leases on to the Scranton Coal Co. Areas of central Scranton, the Hill Section, South Side, Pine Brook, Green Ridge and Hyde Park were affected by their mining activities. Mr. Penman was the private property owner in the case. The coal operators were defeated in this case."[13]
The public transportation system began to expand beyond the trolley lines pioneered by predecessors of the Scranton Railways system. The Lackawanna and Wyoming Valley Railroad, commonly referred to as the Laurel Line, was built as an interurban passenger and freight carrier to Wilkes-Barre. Its Scranton station, offices, powerhouse and maintenance facility were built on the former grounds of the Lackawanna Steel Company, and operations started in 1903. Beginning in 1907, Scrantonians could also ride trolley cars to the northern suburbs of Clarks Summit and Dalton. They could travel to Lake Winola and Montrose using the Northern Electric Railroad. After the 1920s, no new trolley lines were built, but bus operations were started and expanded to meet service needs. In 1934, Scranton Railways was re-incorporated as the Scranton Transit Company, reflecting that shift in transportation modes.[14]
Starting in the early 1920s, the
By the mid-1930s, the city population had swelled beyond 140,000[12] due to growth in the mining and silk textile industries. World War II created a great demand for energy, which led to the highest production from mining in the area since World War I.
After World War II, coal lost favor to oil and natural gas as a heating fuel, largely because the latter types were more convenient to use. While some U.S. cities prospered in the post-war boom, the fortunes and population of Scranton (and the rest of Lackawanna and Luzerne counties) began to diminish. Coal production and rail traffic declined rapidly throughout the 1950s, causing a loss of jobs.
In 1954, Worthington Scranton and his wife, Marion Margery Scranton, contributed one million dollars to establish the Scranton Foundation (now the Scranton Area Community Foundation), which was launched to support charitable and educational organizations in the city of Scranton.[15]
The
Scranton had been the hub of its operations until the
In 1962, businessman Alex Grass opened his first "Thrif D Discount Center" drugstore on Lackawanna Avenue in downtown Scranton.[19][20] The 17-by-75-foot (5 by 23 m) store, an immediate success, was the progenitor of the Rite Aid national drugstore chain.[19]
During the 1970s and 1980s, many downtown storefronts and theaters became vacant. Suburban development followed the highways and suburban shopping malls became the dominant venues for shopping and entertainment.[citation needed]
External audio | |
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Scranton, A City That's Seen Many Come and Go, 24:01, Grapple, Keystone Crossroads[21] |
Since the mid-1980s, the city has emphasized revitalization. Local government and much of the community at large have adopted a renewed interest in the city's buildings and history. Some historic properties have been renovated and marketed as tourist attractions. The Steamtown National Historic Site captures the area's once-prominent position in the railroad industry. The former DL&W train station was restored as the Radisson Lackawanna Station Hotel. The Electric City Trolley Museum was created next to the DL&W yards that the Steamtown NHS occupies.
Since the mid-1980s the Scranton Cultural Center has operated the architecturally significant Masonic Temple and Scottish Rite Cathedral, designed by Raymond Hood, as the region's performing arts center. The Houdini Museum was opened in Scranton in 1990 by nationally known magician Dorothy Dietrich.
21st century
According to The Guardian, the city was close to bankruptcy in July 2012, with the wages of all municipal officials, including the mayor and fire chief, being cut to $7.25/hour.[22] Financial consultant Gary Lewis, who lived in Scranton, was quoted as estimating that "on 5 July the city had just $5,000 cash in hand."[22]
Since the revitalization began, many coffee shops, restaurants, and bars have opened in the downtown, creating a vibrant nightlife. The low
Attractions include the
Geography
Scranton's total area of 25.4 square miles (66 km2) includes 25.2 square miles (65 km2) of land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) of water, according to the United States Census Bureau. Scranton is drained by the Lackawanna River.[citation needed]
Center City is about 750 feet (229 m) above sea level, although the hilly city's inhabited portions range about from 650 to 1,400 feet (200 to 430 m). The city is flanked by mountains to the east and west whose elevations range from 1,900 to 2,100 feet (580 to 640 m).[24][25]
Climate
Scranton has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfa),[26] with four distinct seasons. Summers have occasional heat waves bringing temperatures well above 90 °F (32 °C), while winters can have cold snaps bringing temperatures below 0 °F (−18 °C). The monthly daily average temperature in January, the coldest month, is 28.0 °F (−2.2 °C), while the same figure in July, the warmest month, is 73.7 °F (23.2 °C). Extremes in temperatures have ranged from 101 °F (38 °C) down to −21 °F (−29 °C) on January 21, 1994;[27] there is an average of 15 days of 90 °F (32 °C)+ highs, 39 days where the high fails to rise above freezing, and 3 days where the minimum is at or below 0 °F (−18 °C). Precipitation is generally slightly greater during late spring and summer, while winter is generally the driest. On average, each month sees 10 to 13 days of precipitation, and the mean annual total is 38.72 inches (983 mm). Snowfall is variable, with some winters bringing light snow and others bringing numerous snowstorms. For the 1991–2020 period, snowfall has averaged 45.1 inches (115 cm) per year, with January accounting for the most of the seasonal total; on average, the first and last dates of measurable (≥0.1 in or 0.25 cm) snowfall are November 14 and March 31, respectively, with snow in October and April a rare occurrence.
The hardiness zone is mostly 6b with 7a from downtown downriver and 6a up on Montage Mountain. [1]
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Record high °F (°C) | 69 (21) |
76 (24) |
85 (29) |
93 (34) |
93 (34) |
99 (37) |
103 (39) |
102 (39) |
100 (38) |
91 (33) |
81 (27) |
71 (22) |
103 (39) |
Mean maximum °F (°C) | 57.7 (14.3) |
57.0 (13.9) |
68.0 (20.0) |
81.3 (27.4) |
88.0 (31.1) |
90.5 (32.5) |
92.8 (33.8) |
90.5 (32.5) |
87.6 (30.9) |
78.6 (25.9) |
69.1 (20.6) |
59.6 (15.3) |
94.3 (34.6) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 35.7 (2.1) |
38.8 (3.8) |
47.6 (8.7) |
61.1 (16.2) |
72.2 (22.3) |
79.9 (26.6) |
84.6 (29.2) |
82.4 (28.0) |
75.1 (23.9) |
63.1 (17.3) |
51.2 (10.7) |
40.3 (4.6) |
61.0 (16.1) |
Daily mean °F (°C) | 28.0 (−2.2) |
30.3 (−0.9) |
38.3 (3.5) |
50.2 (10.1) |
60.9 (16.1) |
69.0 (20.6) |
73.7 (23.2) |
71.8 (22.1) |
64.6 (18.1) |
53.2 (11.8) |
42.7 (5.9) |
33.3 (0.7) |
51.3 (10.7) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 20.3 (−6.5) |
21.9 (−5.6) |
28.9 (−1.7) |
39.3 (4.1) |
49.6 (9.8) |
58.1 (14.5) |
62.7 (17.1) |
61.1 (16.2) |
54.0 (12.2) |
43.3 (6.3) |
34.3 (1.3) |
26.3 (−3.2) |
41.7 (5.4) |
Mean minimum °F (°C) | 0.6 (−17.4) |
3.6 (−15.8) |
11.0 (−11.7) |
24.7 (−4.1) |
34.7 (1.5) |
44.1 (6.7) |
50.9 (10.5) |
48.8 (9.3) |
38.7 (3.7) |
28.7 (−1.8) |
18.0 (−7.8) |
9.1 (−12.7) |
−1.6 (−18.7) |
Record low °F (°C) | −21 (−29) |
−19 (−28) |
−4 (−20) |
8 (−13) |
27 (−3) |
34 (1) |
43 (6) |
38 (3) |
29 (−2) |
19 (−7) |
5 (−15) |
−13 (−25) |
−21 (−29) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.59 (66) |
2.07 (53) |
2.77 (70) |
3.26 (83) |
3.26 (83) |
3.80 (97) |
3.61 (92) |
3.85 (98) |
4.15 (105) |
3.71 (94) |
2.85 (72) |
2.80 (71) |
38.72 (983) |
Average snowfall inches (cm) | 11.7 (30) |
10.9 (28) |
10.1 (26) |
0.8 (2.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.0 (0.0) |
0.7 (1.8) |
3.2 (8.1) |
7.7 (20) |
45.1 (115) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 12.6 | 11.4 | 11.8 | 12.2 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 11.1 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 10.7 | 10.3 | 12.1 | 139.1 |
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in) | 8.7 | 8.4 | 4.8 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.3 | 1.7 | 6.3 | 31.2 |
Average relative humidity (%)
|
70.1 | 67.5 | 63.3 | 60.4 | 64.6 | 70.5 | 71.1 | 73.8 | 75.2 | 71.6 | 71.8 | 72.5 | 69.4 |
Average dew point °F (°C) | 16.2 (−8.8) |
17.2 (−8.2) |
24.4 (−4.2) |
33.1 (0.6) |
45.3 (7.4) |
55.9 (13.3) |
60.4 (15.8) |
59.9 (15.5) |
53.4 (11.9) |
41.4 (5.2) |
32.2 (0.1) |
22.3 (−5.4) |
38.5 (3.6) |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 130.3 | 143.7 | 185.7 | 210.5 | 246.9 | 269.7 | 285.7 | 257.2 | 200.2 | 173.3 | 104.3 | 95.9 | 2,303.4 |
Percent possible sunshine | 44 | 48 | 50 | 53 | 55 | 60 | 62 | 60 | 54 | 50 | 35 | 33 | 52 |
Source: |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1850 | 2,730 | — | |
1860 | 9,223 | 237.8% | |
1870 | 35,092 | 280.5% | |
1880 | 45,850 | 30.7% | |
1890 | 75,215 | 64.0% | |
1900 | 102,026 | 35.6% | |
1910 | 129,867 | 27.3% | |
1920 | 137,783 | 6.1% | |
1930 | 143,433 | 4.1% | |
1940 | 140,404 | −2.1% | |
1950 | 125,536 | −10.6% | |
1960 | 111,443 | −11.2% | |
1970 | 103,564 | −7.1% | |
1980 | 88,117 | −14.9% | |
1990 | 81,805 | −7.2% | |
2000 | 76,415 | −6.6% | |
2010 | 76,089 | −0.4% | |
2020 | 76,328 | 0.3% | |
U.S. Decennial Census[31] 2018 Estimate[32] 2020[4][2] |
As of the 2020
As of the 2010 census, there were 76,089 people, 30,069 households, and 18,124 families residing in the city. The population density was 3,006/mi2 (1,161/km2). There were 33,853 housing units at an average density of 1,342/mi2 (518/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 84.11%
There were 30,069 households, out of which 24.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.8% were married couples living together, 13.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 42.1% were non-families. The city had 36.7% of its households with single occupancy and 18.1% whose individuals was aged at least 65. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 3.01.
The age distribution of the population included 20.8% under 18, 12.3% from 18 to 24, 25.5% from 25 to 44, 21.2% from 45 to 64, and 20.1% at least 65. The median age was 39. For every 100 females, there were 87.0 males. For every 100 females aged at least 18, there were 83.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $28,805, and the median income for a family was $41,642. Males had a median income of $30,829 versus $21,858 for females. The
As of the 2006 American Community Survey, the average family size is 2.95. Of the population that's 25 years old and over, 83.3% of them have graduated from high school. 18.7% of them have a Bachelor's degree or higher. In labor force (population 16 years and over), 57.6% of them work. The per capita income (in 2006 inflation-adjusted dollars) is $17,187.
Arts and culture
Landmarks and attractions
Many of Scranton's attractions celebrate its heritage as an industrial center in iron and coal production and its ethnic diversity. The
Museums in Scranton include the
The city's religious history is evident in the Basilica of the National Shrine of St. Ann, which draws thousands of pilgrims to its annual novena, and St. Stanislaus Cathedral, the seat of the Polish National Catholic Church in North America. The history of the founding of this denomination is tied to Polish immigration to Scranton in the late 19th century.
Since the 1970s, Scranton has hosted La Festa Italiana, a three-day Italian festival that takes place on Labor Day weekend on the courthouse square. The festival originally took place around Columbus Day, but was moved because Scranton generally receives cold weather in October.
Scranton's large Irish population is represented in the annual Saint Patrick's Day Parade, first held in 1862. Organized by the St. Patrick's Day Parade Association of Lackawanna County, it is the nation's fourth largest in attendance and second largest in per capita attendance.[39] Held on the Saturday before Saint Patrick's Day, the parade includes more than 8,000 people, including floats, bagpipe players, high school bands and Irish groups. In 2008, attendance estimates were as high as 150,000 people.[40][41]
Scranton was a cultural center for Welsh Americans, and in the late 19th century it was described as Athen Cymru America (the Welsh Athens of America).[42]
For recreation, there is
Scranton's primary concert venue is the
The tallest building in Scranton is the Scranton Times Tower, a lattice radio tower on the Times building, which is illuminated during Christmas season.[43]
Libraries
The Lackawanna County Library System administers the libraries in Scranton, including the
Sports
Scranton's professional sports date to 1887, when the minor-league Scranton Indians became the city's first professional baseball team. Many more followed, including teams in the
In football, the Scranton Eagles, a discontinued semi-pro/minor league team, dominated their Empire Football League, winning 11 championships. The NEPA Shock are a Semi-Pro/Minor League team that currently operate out of the Dickson City borough. The Shock were established in 2012 and participate in arena style football as a member of the Great Eastern Football Association.
Scranton previously had pro basketball teams, including the Scranton Apollos, Scranton Miners and Scranton Zappers.[48] Syracuse University men's basketball coach Jim Boeheim played for the Miners before turning to coaching.[49] In 2012, the city played host to the Scranton/Wilkes-Barre Steamers of the Premier Basketball League.[50] The team went inactive after that season, and no professional teams played in the city. In 2018, the Scranton Shamrocks joined the American Basketball Association (2000–present), once again bringing professional basketball to the region.
Professional ice hockey arrived in 1999 when the
The
Watres Armory in Scranton hosted a World Heavyweight Championship fight between titlist Larry Holmes and challenger Lucien Rodrigues of France on March 27, 1983. Holmes retained his title via a unanimous 12-round decision without losing a single round in any official scorecard.[54]
Education
Primary and secondary education
The city's public schools are operated by the Scranton School District (SSD), which serves almost 10,000 students.[55] The city has two public high schools for grades 9–12: Scranton High School just northwest of the downtown and West Scranton High School located on the West Side of the city. The district also has three public middle schools for grades 6–8: Northeast Intermediate, South Scranton Intermediate, and West Scranton Intermediate. In addition, SSD maintains 12 public elementary schools for grades K–5.[56]
Scranton has two private high schools:
Penn Foster High School, a distance education high school, is headquartered in Scranton.[58] Merakey Education Center is a small private school located in North Scranton.[59]
Scranton, West Scranton, Scranton Prep and Holy Cross all compete athletically in Pennsylvania's Lackawanna League which is a part of District 2 of the Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association.
Colleges and universities
The city hosts five colleges and universities: The
Media
The Scranton/Wilkes-Barre area is the 55th largest U.S. television market.[63] Local television stations[64] include:
- WNEP-TV ABC affiliate
- WBRE-TV NBC affiliate
- WYOU-TVCBS affiliate
- WVIA-TV PBS affiliate
- WOLF-TV FOX affiliate
- WQMY MyNetworkTV affiliate
- WSWB CW affiliate
- WQPXIon Television affiliate
Local
Scranton hosts the headquarters of
The Scranton/Wilkes-Barre radio market is the 71st-largest in the nation, according to
Transportation
Air
The Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport is located in nearby Avoca. The airport is serviced by American Airlines, Regional Sky, and United. The Wilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport is also located in the metropolitan area and serves primarily as a general aviation facility. [66]
Highways
The main highways that serve Scranton are Interstate 81, which runs North to Binghamton, New York and Ontario and south to Wilkes-Barre, Harrisburg, and Tennessee; Interstate 84, which runs east to Milford and New England; Interstate 380, which runs southeast to Pocono Pines and Interstate 80 east to New York City and west to San Francisco; Interstate 476/Pennsylvania Turnpike Northeast Extension, which runs south to Allentown and Philadelphia; U.S. Route 6, which runs east to Carbondale, and parallel to I-84 to New England and west to Erie; and U.S. Route 11, which runs parallel to I-81.
Public and private buses
Scranton's provider of public transportation is the
Railroads
Rail transportation, in both freight and passenger, were vital to the city's historic growth. The city was a hub, serving the Central Railroad of New Jersey (CNJ), the Delaware and Hudson Railway, the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad (DLW), the Erie Railroad, and the Lackawanna and Wyoming Valley Railroad (LWV), with routes radiating in all directions, to New York state's Southern Tier, to several points in Pennsylvania, and to parts of North Jersey.[67] The CNJ station and the DLW station were the last to lose passenger service, in the early 1950s and in 1970, respectively.[68][69]
Freight rail remains important in Scranton. The Norfolk Southern Railway runs freight trains on the former Delaware, Lackawanna & Western (DL&W) line between Scranton and Binghamton, New York, having taken over operations from the Canadian Pacific Railway (Delaware and Hudson Railway division) in 2015. The Reading Blue Mountain and Northern Railroad serves the former DL&W Keyser Valley branch in the city.
The
The PNRRA was created by Lackawanna County and Monroe County to oversee the use of common rail freight lines in Northeastern Pennsylvania, including one formerly owned by Conrail running from Scranton, through the Pocono Mountains towards New Jersey and New York City markets.
One of its primary objectives is to reestablish rail passenger service to
Cabs
Private operators such as Burgit's Electric City Taxi service the Scranton area, but they are hired by telephone through central dispatch and cannot be hailed on the street as in larger cities.
Fire department
The
Police
The police department consist of 150 sworn police officers and 18 civilian employees. Units include motorized patrol units, walking beats, bike patrol and canine units. City patrol sectors include North, South, West, Center City and Green Ridge. The non-uniform division includes the detective division, street crimes, arson, auto theft, child abuse, crime scene investigation, and juvenile unit. There is a special operations group, bomb unit, and drone unit.[citation needed]
Notable people
Arts
- J. Grubb Alexander, silent film screenwriter
- Pete Barbutti, actor
- Walter Bobbie, theatre director and choreographer
- Alan Brown, filmmaker
- Sonny Burke, big band leader
- Mark Cohen, photographer
- Karl R. Coolidge, screenwriter
- Ann Crowley, singer and actress
- Emile de Antonio, documentary film director and producer
- Carrie De Mar, actress, singer, and vaudevillian
- escapologist, co-owner of Houdini Museum
- Margot Douaihy, writer and author
- Cy Endfield, screenwriter, film and theater director, author, magician, and inventor
- Ann Evers, film actress
- Wanda Hawley, silent film actress
- Allan Jones, singer and actor
- Jane Jacobs, writer and activist
- Gloria Jean, singer and actress
- Stephen Karam, playwright and screenwriter
- JP Karliak, actor, voice actor, and comedian
- Jean Kerr, author and playwright
- Michael Patrick King, television and film writer, director and producer, co-creator of 2 Broke Girls and The Comeback
- William Kotzwinkle, novelist and screenwriter
- Michael Kuchwara, theater critic, columnist, and journalist
- Gershon Legman, cultural critic and folklorist
- Bradford Louryk, theater artist and actor
- Charles Emmett Mack, actor
- Jeanne Madden, singer, star of musical theater and 1930s films
- Carl Marzani, political activist, volunteer soldier in Spanish Civil War, organizer for the Communist Party USA, U.S. intelligence official, documentary filmmaker, author, and publisher
- MTV NetworksCEO
- Charles MacArthur, playwright and screenwriter
- The Menzingers, punk band
- W. S. Merwin, 17th U.S. Poet Laureate
- Jason Miller, actor, director, and Pulitzer Prize–winning playwright of That Championship Season
- Russ Morgan, big band-era bandleader
- Motionless in White, gothic metalcore band
- Bruce Mozert, photographer
- Jay Parini, writer and academic
- Jerry Penacoli, actor and director
- Byrne Piven, stage actor
- Cynthia Rothrock, martial artist and star of martial arts films
- Lizabeth Scott, actress and singer
- Katy Selverstone, actress, Lisa Robbins on The Drew Carey Show
- Melanie Smith, television actress
- Thomas L. Thomas, concert singer
- Tigers Jaw, indie rock, emo band
- Beverly Tyler, actress and singer
- Sally Victor, milliner
- Ned Washington, Academy Award-winning lyricist
- Lauren Weisberger, author, The Devil Wears Prada
- Michael Scott, Regional Manager, Scranton branch of Dunder Mifflin
Government
- Joe Biden, 46th President of the United States (2021–Present), 47th Vice President of the United States, U.S. senator from Delaware (1973–2009)
- John Blake, former Pennsylvania State Senator
- Marion Cowan Burrows, former Massachusetts state legislator
- Frank Carlucci, former U.S. Secretary of Defense and ambassador to Portugal
- Robert P. Casey, former governor of Pennsylvania
- Robert P. Casey Jr., U.S. senator
- Gaynor Cawley, former Pennsylvania State Representative
- John Cusick, retired lieutenant general and 42nd Quartermaster General of the United States Army
- David J. Davis, former Pennsylvania lieutenant governor
- Mike Dunleavy, governor of Alaska
- Hugh E. Rodham, father of Hillary Clinton[76]
- Hermann Eilts, former U.S. ambassador to Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Bangladesh
- John R. Farr, U.S. Congressman
- Kathleen Kane, former Pennsylvania attorney general and felon[77]
- Terence V. Powderly, former head of Knights of Labor
- Robert Reich, professor and political commentator, former U.S. Secretary of Labor
- Mary Scranton, former First Lady of Pennsylvania[78]
- William Scranton, former governor of Pennsylvania and U.S. ambassador to the United Nations
- William Scranton III, former Pennsylvania lieutenant governor
- Joel Wachs, Los Angeles city council member
- John Anthony Walker, former U.S. Navy chief warrant officer convicted of spying for the Soviet Union[79]
- Laurence Hawley Watres. U.S. Congressman[80]
- Louis A. Watres, Pennsylvania lieutenant governor[80]
Sports
- Hank Bullough, NFL player and coach
- P. J. Carlesimo, college, Olympic, and professional basketball coach and television broadcaster
- Jimmy Caras, professional pool player
- Nick Chickillo, former NFL player
- Baseball Hall of Famer and former American League umpire
- Joe Collins, Major League Baseball player, six-time World Series champion
- Patty Costello, professional bowler, International Bowling Congress Hall of Fame, and Pro Bowlers Tour Hall of Fame member
- Jim Crowley, football player and coach, one-fourth of University of Notre Dame's legendary "Four Horsemen" backfield
- Paul Foytack, Major League Baseball pitcher
- Charlie Gelbert, Major League Baseball player
- Joe Grzenda, Major League Baseball player
- Cosmo Iacavazzi, college and AFL player
- Edgar Jones, college and professional football player
- Jerome Kapp, NFL wide receiver
- Gary Lavelle, Major League Baseball player
- Bill Lazor, NFL offensive coordinator
- Dave Lettieri, Olympic cyclist
- Ralph Lomma, popularized miniature golf
- Mike Lynn, general manager and executive Minnesota Vikings
- Joe McCarthy, Major League Baseball player
- Jake McCarthy, Major League Baseball player
- Matt McGloin, former NFL quarterback
- Gerry McNamara, former basketball player and current head coach of the Siena Saints men's basketball team.
- Mike McNally, former Major League Baseball player, member of New York Yankees first World Series championship team
- Mike Munchak, former head coach of NFL's Tennessee Titans, college and NFL player, member of Pro Football Hall of Fame
- Joe O'Malley, football player
- Jim O'Neill, Major League Baseball player
- Steve O'Neill, former Major League Baseball player and manager
- Jackie Paterson, Scottish boxer
- Jimmy Piersall, Major League Baseball player and Scranton Miners Minor League Baseball player
- Jim Rempe, pocket billiards champion and member of the Billiard Congress of America Hall of Fame
- Adam Rippon, figure skater
- Tim Ruddy, college and National Football League player
- Dutch Savage, professional wrestler
- Greg Sherman, general manager of NHL's Colorado Avalanche
- Chick Shorten, Major League Baseball player
- Marc Spindler, college and NFL player
- Light Heavyweightchampion
- Jim Williams (powerlifter), world record holding powerlifter
Others
- Joseph Bambera, Bishop of Scranton
- Mamie Cadden, Irish midwife and murderer
- Lisa Caputo, Citigroup group
- Howard Gardner, developmental psychologist and professor
- Frank Gibney, journalist and scholar
- Hugh Glass, American frontiersman
- Alex Grass, founder of Rite Aid
- Isaiah Fawkes Everhart, American physician, naturalist, and founder of Everhart Museum
- Lansing C. Holden, architect
- Charles David Keeling, environmental scientist
- Jeffrey Bruce Klein, investigative journalist, co-founded Mother Jones magazine
- Francis T. McAndrew, Psychologist, Professor, Author
- Gino J. Merli, Medal of Honor recipient during World War II
- John Mitchell, labor organizer, founding member and president, United Mine Workers of America
- Robert C. Morlino, Bishop of Madison, Wisconsin
- John Joseph O'Connor, former bishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York and Bishop of Scranton
- Karen Ann Quinlan, key figure in right to die controversy
- William Henry Richmond, coal mine operator
- Martin F. Scanlon, U.S. Air Force general
- B. F. Skinner, behaviorist and author
- Mabel Cox Surdam, photographer
- Charles Sumner "Sum" Woolworth, retailer, philanthropist, co-founder of Woolworth
- Banana Republic
In popular culture
- The Harry Chapin song "30,000 Pounds of Bananas" is about an actual fatal 1965 accident in Scranton, where a driver hauling bananas lost control of his truck as it barreled down Moosic Street.[81]
- Blue Valentine was partially filmed in Scranton.
- The film adaptation of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama and Tony Award winning play That Championship Season is set in and was filmed in Scranton.
- The city is home to the Pennsylvania Paper and Supply Company, which was the inspiration for a branch of the fictional paper company Dunder Mifflin on NBC's series The Office. The Scranton branch is the setting for the majority of the show's episodes.[82]
- The city was the setting of the home of Roy Munson (portrayed by Woody Harrelson) in the 1996 American sports comedy Kingpin. The scenes were shot in Pittsburgh as a stand in for Scranton.
- The city is imagined as a member of the class of interstellar A Life for the Stars, in which 2273 AD Scranton, equipped with a space drive, flies away and leaves an impoverished Earth behind.
- In 2017, Scranton got national recognition from late night television host John Oliver when he made jokes about how infatuated Scranton community members were with the little train that runs during the weather reports on Scranton's ABC-affiliated TV station WNEP-TV. The train had been featured in multiple of their "Talkback 16" segments. After a follow-up segment, Oliver donated a train set to WNEP. It was too big for their backyard, so they donated it to the Electric City Trolley Museum.[83]
- Musician John Legend was the head of the music department and choir director of Scranton's Bethel AME Church from 1995 to 2004.[84]
- Lyricist Richard Bernhard Smith wrote the song, "Winter Wonderland", while being treated at the West Mountain Sanitarium in Scranton for tuberculosis.
- American singer, actress and television personality Cher lived in Scranton as a baby and spent time at a Catholic orphanage in the city run by the Sisters of Mercy. Cher wrote about the experience in the song, "Sisters of Mercy".[85][86]
- American author and film & television producer Dick Wolf was married to Susan Scranton, daughter of former Governor William Scranton, from 1970 to 1983.
- American radio talk show host, television broadcaster, and politician Dan Patrick began his broadcast career at WNEP-TV in Scranton.
- American conservative commentator, journalist, author, and television host Bill O'Reilly's early television career began at WNEP-TV in Scranton, where he served as a news and weather reporter, and as a news anchor later on.
Sister cities
Scranton has the following official
- Naga, Camarines Sur, Philippines
- Ballina, County Mayo, Connacht, Ireland
- Guardia Lombardi, Campania, Italy
- Balakovo, Saratov Oblast, Russia
- Trnava, Trnava Region, Slovakia
- Perugia, Umbria, Italy
- San Marino, San Marino
- Caronia, Sicily, Italy
- Little Rock, Arkansas, United States
See also
- Farley's Eatery and Pub
- The Office
- Polish Cathedral style
- Scranton Area Community Foundation
- Scranton Army Ammunition Plant
- USS Scranton, 4 ships
- Weston Field
Gallery
-
Scranton Electric Building
-
St. Peter's Cathedral
-
Electric City Mural
-
First Liberty Building
-
US Post Office and Federal Building
-
Scranton Cultural Center
-
Brooks Building
-
Downtown Scranton at night
-
Scranton Times Building
-
Lackawanna Station Hotel
Notes
- ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the expected highest and lowest temperature readings at any point during the year or given month) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2010.
- ^ Official records for Avoca/Wilkes-Barre–Scranton kept at downtown Scranton from January 1901 to 17 April 1955 and at Wilkes-Barre/Scranton International Airport since 18 April 1955.[28]
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{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Cher Song Upsets Catholics, Calling Nuns 'Daughters Of Hell'". MTV. Retrieved December 3, 2022.