Hydrazine (antidepressant)

Iproniazid, the first hydrazine MAOI to be discovered.

The hydrazine

irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were discovered and initially marketed in the 1950s and 1960s. Most have been withdrawn due to toxicity, namely hepatotoxicity

, but a few still remain in clinical use.

Tranylcypromine, a structurally unrelated MAOI introduced around the same time as the hydrazines, was originally advertised as non-hydrazine as a result of its diminished propensity for causing hepatotoxicity.

List of hydrazine antidepressants

Marketed

Benmoxin (Neuralex, Nerusil) ^‡
Iproclozide (Sursum) ^‡
Iproniazid (Marsilid) ^‡
Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
Mebanazine (Actomol) ^‡
Nialamide (Niamid) ^‡
Octamoxin (Ximaol, Nimaol) ^‡
Phenelzine (Nardil)
Pheniprazine (Catron) ^‡
Phenoxypropazine (Drazine) ^‡
Pivhydrazine (Tersavid) ^‡
Safrazine (Safra) ^‡

Legend: ^‡ = Withdrawn from the market; ^† = Partially discontinued; Bolded names indicate major drugs.

Never marketed

Parkinson's

Carbidopa

Tranquillosedative

Centazolone

References

López-Muñoz F, Alamo C (2009). "Monoaminergic neurotransmission: the history of the discovery of antidepressants from 1950s until today". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 15 (14): 1563–86.
PMID 19442174. Archived from the original
on 2013-04-14.

SSRIs Tooltip Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors		Citalopram Escitalopram Fluoxetine^# Fluvoxamine Indalpine^‡ Paroxetine Sertraline Zimelidine^‡
SNRIs Tooltip Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors	Desvenlafaxine Duloxetine Levomilnacipran Milnacipran Tofenacin Venlafaxine
NRIs Tooltip Norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors	Atomoxetine Reboxetine Viloxazine
NDRIs Tooltip Norepinephrine–dopamine reuptake inhibitors	Amineptine^‡ Bupropion Nomifensine^‡
NaSSAs Tooltip Noradrenergic and specific serotonergic antidepressants	Mianserin Mirtazapine Setiptiline
SARIs Tooltip Serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitors	Etoperidone Nefazodone Trazodone
SMS Tooltip Serotonin modulator and stimulators	Vilazodone Vortioxetine
Others	Agomelatine Amisulpride Dextromethorphan/bupropion Esketamine Etryptamine ^‡ Gepirone Indeloxazine Flupentixol Ketamine^§ Medifoxamine^‡ Metryptamine ^‡ Oxaflozane^‡ Pivagabine^‡ Tandospirone Teniloxazine Tianeptine

TCAs Tooltip Tricyclic antidepressants		Amineptine^‡ Amitriptyline^# Amitriptylinoxide Amoxapine Butriptyline^‡ Clomipramine^# Demexiptiline^‡ Desipramine Dibenzepin Dimetacrine^‡ Dosulepin Doxepin Imipramine Imipraminoxide^‡ Iprindole^‡ Lofepramine Melitracen Metapramine^‡ Nitroxazepine Nortriptyline Noxiptiline Opipramol Pipofezine Propizepine^‡ Protriptyline Quinupramine^‡ Tianeptine Trimipramine
TeCAs Tooltip Tetracyclic antidepressants	Maprotiline Mianserin Mirtazapine Setiptiline
Others	Tiazesim