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Jewish population by country (2019)

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The world's core

While dozens of countries host at least a small Jewish population, the community is concentrated in a handful: Israel accounting for 44.5% of Jews worldwide, followed by the United States 39.3% and France 3.1% of the Jewish population worldwide, while a total of 98 countries host the other 13.1%.^[1]

With just over 6.5 million Jews, Israel is the only Jewish majority and explicitly Jewish state. Jewish population figures for the United States are contested, ranging between 5.7 and 6.8 million.

Recent Jewish population dynamics are characterized by continued steady increase in the Israeli Jewish population and flat or declining numbers in other countries (the diaspora). The Jewish population of Israel increased from the country's inception in 1948 to 6,135,000 in 2014^[10] while the population of the diaspora has dropped from 10.5 to 8.1 million over the same period.^[4] Current Israeli Jewish demographics are characterized by a relatively high fertility rate of 3 children per woman and a stable age distribution.^[11] The overall growth rate of Jews in Israel is 1.7% annually.^[12] The diaspora countries, by contrast, have low Jewish birth rates, an increasingly elderly age composition, and a negative balance of people leaving Judaism versus those joining.^[4]

Immigration trends also favor Israel ahead of diaspora countries. The Jewish state has a positive immigration balance (called aliyah in Hebrew). Israel saw its Jewish numbers significantly buoyed by a million-strong wave of Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union in the 1990s^[13] and immigration growth has been steady in the low tens of thousands since then.^[14] In the rest of the world, only the United States, Canada, Australia, and Germany have had a positive recent Jewish migration balance outside of Israel. In general, the modern English-speaking world has seen an increase in its share of the diaspora since the Holocaust and the foundation of Israel, while historic Jewish populations in Eastern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East have significantly declined or disappeared.^[15]

France continues to be home to the world's third largest Jewish community, around 500,000,^[16][17] but has shown an increasingly negative trend. Emigration loss to Israel amongst French Jews reached the tens of thousands between 2014 and 2017 following a wave of antisemitic attacks.^[18][19]

Debate over United States numbers

The number of Jews in the United States has been the subject of much debate because of questions over counting methodology. In 2012, Sheskin and Dashefsky put forward a figure of 6.72 million based on a mixture of local surveys, informed local estimates, and US census data. They qualified their estimate with a concern over double counting and suggested the real figure may lie between 6 and 6.4 million.

In sum, a confidence interval of a million or more people is likely to persist in reporting on the number of Jewish Americans.

Countries and territories

This article needs to be updated. Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (April 2018)

Below is a list of Jewish populations in the world by country or territory. Unless otherwise indicated, core and enlarged population numbers are taken from DellaPergola's chapter "World Jewish Population, 2017" of the American Jewish Year Book of 2017. Where other credible sources present competing numbers, they are presented with a range and citation. DellaPergola's population figures are primarily based on national censuses combined with trend analysis. He has described the "core Jewish population" in the diaspora as those "who consider Judaism their mutually exclusive identification framework", subdivided among (into) those who see religion as a major avenue for identification (Jewish only, religion) and those who do not (Jewish only, no religion).^[1]: 11 DellaPergola defined the "enlarged Jewish population" as those "who say they have a Jewish background but not a Jewish parent, and all non-Jewish household members who live in households with Jews".^[1]: 11

The American Jewish Year Book numbers are reproduced with explanatory notes by country in the online Jewish Virtual Library.^[22] The library is a comprehensive non-governmental website covering topics about U.S.-Israel relations and the Jewish people. A number of tiny countries whose Jewish populations are not listed in DellaPergola are provided here from the Virtual Library. For European countries, further information is provided by the Institute for Jewish Policy Research, including an interactive map of core and enlarged Jewish population that generally corresponds to DellaPergola's figures.^[23]

Country populations used to deduce the "Population per Jewish Person" column in the table are taken from the CIA World Factbook, with most estimates current as of July 2014.^[24]

Table

Country or Territory	Core Jewish Population (2017)[1]	Jews per 1,000 total population (2017)[1]	Enlarged Jewish Population (2017)[1]	National official statistics
World	14,511,100	1.96	20,499,200	—
Israel[a]	6,451,000	736.03	6,835,500	6,697,000 (2019)[25]
United States	5,700,000	17.60	10,000,000	—
France[b]	456,000	7.05	600,000	—
Canada	390,000	10.77	550,000	143,665 (2016)[26]
United Kingdom	289,500	4.40	370,000	269,568 (2011)[27][28][29]
Argentina	180,500	4.14	330,000	—
Russia	176,000	1.22	380,000	157,968 (2010)[30]
Germany	116,500	1.41	225,000	84,430 (2011)[31]
Australia	113,200	4.70	140,000	91,022 (2016)[32]
Brazil	93,800	0.46	150,000	107,329 (2010)[32]
South Africa	69,300	1.24	80,000	75,555 (2001)[32]
Ukraine	53,000	1.24	140,000	105,480 (2001)[33]
Hungary	47,500	4.85	100,000	10,965 (2011)[32]
Mexico	40,000	0.31	50,000	67,476 (2010)[32]
Netherlands	29,800	1.75	52,000	0.1% (2016)[34]
Belgium	29,300	2.59	40,000	—
Italy	27,300	0.45	41,000	—
Switzerland	18,700	2.23	25,000	16,763 (2011)[32]
Chile	18,300	1.01	26,000	14,976 (2002)[32]
Uruguay	16,900	4.83	25,000	—
Turkey	15,300	0.19	21,000	—
Sweden	15,000	1.52	25,000	—
Spain	11,800	0.27	18,000	—
Belarus	10,000	1.05	25,000	12,935 (2009)[35]
Panama	10,000	2.50	12,000	—
Romania	9,200	0.46	17,000	3,519 (2011)[32]
Austria	9,000	1.02	17,000	8,140 (2001)[32]
Iran	8,500	0.11	12,000	9,826 (2016)[32]
Azerbaijan	8,100	0.83	16,000	9,084 (2009)[36]
Venezuela	7,600	0.25	12,000	0% (2010)[37]
New Zealand	7,500	1.60	9,500	6,867 (2013)[32]
Uganda	-	-	-	7,189 (2014)[38]
Denmark	6,400	1.12	8,500	—
India	5,000	0.00	7,000	4,650 (2011)[39]
Latvia	4,800	2.40	12,000	8,332 (2018)[40]
Greece	4,200	0.39	5,000	—
Czech Republic	3,900	0.37	6,500	1,474 (2011)[41]
Moldova	3,400	0.94	7,500	584 (2014)[42]
Uzbekistan	3,400	0.11	8,000	94,689 (1989)[43]
Poland	3,200	0.08	7,500	2,488 (2011)[44]
Kazakhstan	2,800	0.16	6,500	5,281 (2009)[32]
China[c]	2,700	0.00	3,300	—
Lithuania	2,600	0.90	6,500	1,229 (2011)[32]
Slovakia	2,600	0.48	4,600	1,999 (2011)[32]
Costa Rica	2,500	0.51	3,100	—
Colombia	2,200	0.05	3,200	—
Morocco	2,200	0.06	2,700	—
Bulgaria	2,000	0.28	6,000	706 (2011)[32]
Estonia	2,000	1.54	3,400	355 (2011)[32]
Peru	1,900	0.06	3,000	—
Croatia	1,700	0.40	3,000	536 (2011)[32]
South Ossetia	1,700	0.43	6,000	1,417 (2014)[32] 1 (2015)[45]
Ireland	1,600	0.34	2,400	1,921 (2016)[46]
Puerto Rico	1,500	0.44	2,500	—
Serbia	1,400	0.20	2,800	578 (2011)[32]
Finland	1,300	0.24	1,900	1,093 (2017)[47]
Norway	1,300	0.25	2,000	789 (2018)[48]
Tunisia	1,100	0.10	1,300	—
Japan	1,000	0.01	1,400	—
Paraguay	1,000	0.14	1,600	1,100 (2002)[32]
Guatemala	900	0.05	1,500	—
Singapore	900	0.16	1,200	—
Ecuador	600	0.04	1,000	—
Gibraltar	600	20.00	800	763 (2012)[32]
Luxembourg	600	1.00	1,000	—
Portugal	600	0.06	1,000	3,061 (2011)[32]
Bolivia	500	0.05	900	—
Bosnia and Herzegovina	500	0.14	1,000	262 (2013)[49]
Cuba	500	0.04	1,500	—
United States Virgin Islands	400	3.64	700	—
Kyrgyzstan	400	0.07	1,000	455 (2018)[50]
Bahamas	300	0.75	700	191 (2010)[32]
Kenya	300	0.01	700	—
Netherlands Antilles	300	0.82	700	—
Jamaica	200	0.07	400	506 (2011)[32]
Suriname	200	0.40	600	181 (2012)[51]
Thailand	200	0.00	400	—
Turkmenistan	200	0.04	400	1,537 (1995)[52]
Zimbabwe	200	0.01	800	—
Armenia	100	0.03	300	127 (2011)[53]
Bermuda	100	1.54	300	135 (2010)[32]
Botswana	100	0.05	300	—
Democratic Republic of the Congo	100	0.00	300	—
Cyprus	100	0.08	300	—
Dominican Republic	100	0.01	300	—
Egypt	100	0.00	300	—
El Salvador	100	0.02	300	—
Ethiopia	100	0.00	1,000	—
Indonesia	100	0.00	300	—
Malta	100	0.25	300	—
Namibia	100	0.04	300	—
Nigeria	100	0.00	300	—
North Macedonia	100	0.05	300	53 (2002)[54]
Madagascar	100	0.00	300	—
Philippines	100	0.00	300	—
Slovenia	100	0.05	300	99 (2001)[32]
South Korea	100	0.00	300	—
Lebanon	100	0.01	300	—
Taiwan	100	0.00	300	—
Aruba	-	-	-	354 (2010)[32]
Nicaragua	-	-	-	199 (2005)[32]
Barbados	-	-	-	103 (2011)[32]
Mauritius	-	-	-	43 (2011)[32]
Tajikistan	-	-	-	38 (2010)[36][55]
Anguilla	-	-	-	16 (2001)[32]
Faroe Islands	-	-	-	12 (2011)[56]
Montenegro	-	-	-	12 (2003)[32]
British Virgin Islands	-	-	-	11 (2010)[32]
Liechtenstein	-	-	-	26 (2000)[57]
Falkland Islands	-	-	-	1 (2006)[32]

Remnant and vanished populations

The above table represents Jews that number at least a few dozen per country. Reports exist of Jewish communities remaining in other territories in the low single digits that are on the verge of disappearing, particularly in the Muslim world, as their reaction to the birth of Israel in 1948 was the persecution of Jews in nearly all Muslim lands; these are often of historical interest as they represent the remnant of much larger Jewish populations. For example, Egypt had a

According to the Jewish Data Bank (Table 4),[1] the 22 countries as of 2017^[update] with the largest core Jewish populations were:

Country Core Jewish population % of total (world) 1 Israel 6,451,000 44.5% 2 United States 5,700,000 39.3% 3 France 456,000 3.1% 4 Canada 390,000 2.7% 5 United Kingdom 289,500 2.0% 6 Argentina 180,500 1.2% 7 Russian Federation 176,000 1.2% 8 Germany 116,500 0.8% 9 Australia 113,200 0.8% 10 Brazil 93,800 0.6% 11 South Africa 69,300 0.5% 12 Ukraine 53,000 0.4% 13 Hungary 47,500 0.3% 14 Mexico 40,000 0.3% 15 Netherlands 29,800 0.2% 16 Belgium 29,300 0.2% 17 Italy 27,300 0.2% 18 Switzerland 18,700 0.1% 19 Chile 18,300 0.1% 20 Uruguay 16,900 0.1% 21 Turkey 15,300 0.1% 22 Sweden 15,000 0.1%

Jewish population by city as a percentage of total population (list does not include cities in Israel)

Rank	City	Country	Percent	Number
1	Qırmızı Qəsəbə[63]	Azerbaijan	100	3,300
2	Kiryas Joel[64]	United States	99	22,000
3	Deal	United States	91	600[citation needed]
4	Beachwood[65]	United States	90.4	10,700
5	Hampstead[66]	Canada	74.2	5,170
6	Côte-Saint-Luc[67]	Canada	69.1	20,146
7	Lakewood[68]	United States	59	59,607
8	Teaneck[69]	United States	50	18,000
9	Livingston	United States	46	12,600[citation needed]
10	Caulfield North[70]	Australia	41.1	8619
11	Elstree, Hertfordshire[71]	United Kingdom	36.0	1,840
12	Caulfield South[72]	Australia	33.9	4,008
13	Rose Bay[73]	Australia	27.3	2,744
14	Radlett, Hertfordshire[74][75]	United Kingdom	26.28	2,579
15	Sarcelles[76]	France	25	15,000
16	Mercer Island[77]	United States	25	5,000
17	St Kilda East[78]	Australia	24.8	3,246
18	Créteil[79]	France	24.4	22,000
19	Vaucluse[80]	Australia	23.2	2,163
20	Westmount[81]	Canada	23.2	4,495
21	Bellevue Hill[82]	Australia	21.4	2,300
22	Dollard-des-Ormeaux[83]	Canada	21.1	10,115
23	Shenley, Hertfordshire[84]	United Kingdom	15.7	864
24	New York City[85]	United States	18	1,540,000
25	Elsternwick[86]	Australia	17.8	1,846
26	Bushey, Hertfordshire[citation needed ]	United Kingdom	17.65	4,546
27	Vaughan[citation needed]	Canada	15.28	43,760
28	Bondi[87]	Australia	12.7	1,272
29	Borehamwood, Hertfordshire[citation needed]	United Kingdom	12.22	3,906
30	Mount Royal[88]	Canada	12.0	2,205
31	Chigwell Row, Essex[89]	United Kingdom	13.3	294
32	Chigwell, Essex[90]	United Kingdom	11.5	1,492
33	Miami[91][failed verification]	United States	9.86	535,000
34	Marseille[92]	France	9	70,000
35	Buenos Aires[93]	Argentina	8.22	244,000
36	Moor Park, Hertfordshire[94]	United Kingdom	8.1	448
37	Bricket Wood, Hertfordshire[95]	United Kingdom	6.67	273
38	Bury[96]	United Kingdom	5.60	10,360
39	Buckhurst Hill, Essex[97][98]	United Kingdom	4.83	549
40	Toronto[99]	Canada	4.21	103,500

See also

• Aliyah
• Historical Jewish population comparisons
• Jewish ethnic divisions
• Jewish population by urban areas
• Judaism
• Judaism by country
• List of urban areas by Jewish population

Notes

1. ^ Numbers in this list are the total for Israel proper as well as Israeli settlers in the West Bank. Broken down by area, the Jewish population numbers are (2017):^[1]
   • Israel: 6,057,700 (core); 6,433,800 (enlarged)
   • West Bank: 393,300 (core); 401,700 (enlarged)
2. ^ Figures includes France and Monaco. See: History of the Jews in France and History of the Jews in Monaco.
3. History of the Jews in Hong Kong
   .

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External links

• Israelbooks.com The Jewish People Policy Planning Institute Annual Assessment 2004–2005: Between Thriving and Decline. Gefen Publishing House.
• Publications on Jewish population at the Berman Jewish Policy Archive @ NYU Wagner
• Jewish Population and Migration, by YIVO Encyclopedia