Thomas Hodgskin

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Thomas Hodgskin
Born(1787-12-12)12 December 1787
Died21 August 1869(1869-08-21) (aged 81)
NationalityEnglish
CitizenshipBritish
Academic career
FieldPolitical economy
InfluencesJohn Locke, Jean-Baptiste Say, Adam Smith

Thomas Hodgskin (12 December 1787 – 21 August 1869) was an English

critic of capitalism and defender of free trade and early trade unions
.

His views differ from some of the views later assigned to the word ‘socialism’. In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the term socialist included any opponent of capitalism.[1][2][3]

Biography

Hodgskin's father. who worked at the British Admiralty dock stores, enrolled him in the navy at the age of 12. Coming into conflict with the naval discipline of the time, Hodgskin was retired by the Navy at the age of 25. Publication of his Essay on Naval Discipline brought Hodgskin to the attention of radicals such as Francis Place. In 1815 Hodgskin travelled in France and Germany, experiences which he later documented in his Travels in the North of Germany.[4]

Entering the

utilitarian circle around Place, Jeremy Bentham and James Mill. With their support, he spent the next five years in a programme of travel and study around Europe which resulted inter alia in a second book, Travels in North Germany (1820). He married Eliza Hegewesch in Edinburgh in 1819.[4]

In 1823, Hodgskin joined forces with

Despite his high profile in the agitated revolutionary times of the 1820s, he retreated into the realm of

Whig journalism after the Reform Act 1832. Hodgskin had a family of seven children to support.[4] He became an advocate of free trade and spent fifteen years writing for The Economist.[6]

Legacy

Hodgskin was a pioneer of

References

  1. ^ "L'Angleterre a-t-elle l'heureux privilège de n'avoir ni Agioteurs, ni Banquiers, ni Faiseurs de services, ni Capitalistes ?". In Clavier, Étienne (1788). De la foi publique envers les créanciers de l'état : lettres à M. Linguet sur le n° CXVI de ses annales (in French). p. 19.
  2. ^ Braudel, Fernand (1979). The Wheels of Commerce: Civilization and Capitalism 15th–18th Century. Harper and Row.
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Further reading

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