Arvid Carlsson

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Arvid Carlsson
Carlsson in 2011
Born(1923-01-25)25 January 1923
Uppsala, Sweden
Died29 June 2018(2018-06-29) (aged 95)
Gothenburg, Sweden
Alma materLund University
Known forDopamine
AwardsWolf Prize in Medicine (1979)
Japan Prize (1994)[1]
Feltrinelli International Award (1999)
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (2000)
Scientific career
InstitutionsUniversity of Gothenburg

Arvid Carlsson (25 January 1923 – 29 June 2018)[2][3][4] was a Swedish neuropharmacologist who is best known for his work with the neurotransmitter dopamine and its effects in Parkinson's disease. For his work on dopamine, Carlsson was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2000, together with Eric Kandel and Paul Greengard.[5][6]

Early life and education

Carlsson was born on 25 January 1923 in Uppsala, Sweden, one of four siblings. His family moved to Lund after his father became a history professor at Lund University. Although his two older siblings followed their father's career path, he instead chose to study medicine at Lund, beginning in 1941.[4][7]

In 1944, he participated in the task of examining prisoners of Nazi concentration camps, whom Swedish

aristocrat Folke Bernadotte had managed to bring to Sweden, which was neutral during World War II.[4][7] He received his MD and PhD in pharmacology in 1951.[4]

Career

In 1951, Carlsson became an associate professor at Lund University. He spent five months as a research fellow for the pharmacologist

National Heart Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, United States, and the change in his research focus to psychopharmacology eventually led to his Nobel Prize.[4] In 1959 he became a professor at the University of Gothenburg.[4][7]

In 1957

L-Dopa, which is the precursor of dopamine, he could alleviate the symptoms. These findings led other doctors to try using L-Dopa in patients with Parkinson's disease, and it was found to alleviate some of the symptoms in the early stages of the disease. L-Dopa is still the basis for most commonly used means of treating Parkinson's disease.[5]

Carlson collaborated with the drug company Astra AB (now AstraZeneca) during the 1970s and the 1980s.[10] He and his colleagues were able to derive the first marketed selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), zimelidine, from brompheniramine.[5] Zimelidine was later withdrawn from the market due to rare cases of Guillain–Barré syndrome,[11] but Carlson's research paved the way for fluoxetine (Prozac), one of the most widely used prescription medicines in the world.[7]

Carlsson was still an active researcher and speaker when he was over 90 years old and, together with his daughter Lena, he worked[12] on OSU6162, a dopamine stabilizer which alleviates symptoms of post-stroke fatigue.[13]

Honours and awards

Carlsson's research on the brain's chemical signals and the resulting treatment for Parkinson's disease earned him the 2000

Eric R. Kandel.[4][7] He won many other awards including Israel's Wolf Prize in Medicine (1979), the Japan Prize (1994),[7] and Italy's Feltrinelli Prize (1999).[14] He was elected as a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in 1975.[4] He was awarded an honorary Doctor of Science from the University of Southern California in 2007.[15]

Personal life

Carlsson married Ulla-Lisa Christoffersson in 1945 and they had three sons and two daughters. His daughter Maria was his lab manager[4][7] and his daughter Lena was one of his collaborators.[12]

He opposed the fluoridation of drinking water in Sweden.[16][17][18] He was a vocal opponent of homeopathy and worked to prevent homeopathic preparations from being classified as medication in Sweden.[2]

Carlsson died on 29 June 2018, at the age of 95.[4][7]

Drugs

  1. Preclamol
  2. FLA-57
  3. Rotigotine
  4. HW-165
  5. UH-232
  6. Nomelidine
  7. Zimelidine
  8. 8-OH-DPAT
  9. 7-OH-DPAT
  10. DS-121

References

  1. ^ Laureates of the Japan Prize. Japan Prize
  2. ^ a b "Nobelpristagaren Arvid Carlsson död". Upsala Nya Tidning. 30 June 2018. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  3. ^ "In memory of Arvid Carlsson (1923-2018)". Sahlgrenska Academy. Archived from the original on 1 July 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Gellene, Denise (1 July 2018). "Arvid Carlsson, Who Discovered a Treatment for Parkinson's, Dies at 95". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  5. ^
    ISBN 978-0-19-515130-5
    .
  6. ^ Les Prix Nobel. 2001. The Nobel Prizes 2000, Editor Tore Frängsmyr, Nobel Foundation: Stockholm.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h Smith, Harrison (2 July 2018). "Arvid Carlsson, Nobel laureate who uncovered a treatment for Parkinson's, dies at 95". Washington Post. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  8. S2CID 28141709
    .
  9. S2CID 4425376
    .
  10. ISBN 978-0-08-053405-3
    .
  11. ^ "History: Discovery of the SSRIs (long) | Psycho-Babble". www.dr-bob.org. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  12. ^ a b "Publications card". University of Gothenburg. 25 November 2010. Archived from the original on 8 August 2016. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  13. ^ "Arvid Carlsson and Lena Carlsson". www.BrainMessenger.se. Retrieved 22 June 2016.
  14. ^ "Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei - Premi e borse di studio - Premi "Antonio Feltrinelli" finora conferiti". Accademia dei Lincei (in Italian). Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  15. ^ "Past Recipients – Honorary Degrees". honorarydegrees.usc.edu. Retrieved 8 May 2024.
  16. ^ Fluoride in drinking water can cause cancer, Svenska Dagbladet (in Swedish)
  17. PMID 287207
    .
  18. ISBN 1583225269
    .
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