Voiceless labial–palatal fricative
Appearance
Voiceless labialized palatal fricative | |
---|---|
ɥ̊ | |
ɸ͡ç |
The voiceless labial–palatal fricative or approximant is a type of
voiceless approximants
distinct from voiceless fricatives; to them, [ɥ̊] is a voiceless labialized palatal approximant.
Features
- Its manner of articulation is fricative, which means it is produced by constricting air flow through a narrow channel at the place of articulation, causing turbulence.
or
- Its manner of articulation is approximant, which means it is produced by narrowing the vocal tract at the place of articulation, but not enough to produce a turbulent airstream.
- The bilabial.
- Its phonation is voiceless, which means it is produced without vibrations of the vocal cords. In some languages the vocal cords are actively separated, so it is always voiceless; in others the cords are lax, so that it may take on the voicing of adjacent sounds.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The intercostal muscles and abdominal muscles, as in most sounds.
Occurrence
Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Breton | [i ˈɥ̊izin] | 'her kitchen' | Described as a fricative, and as a realisation of the sequence /hɥ/.[4] | ||
Iaai | [ example needed ] |
Described as an approximant. Contrasts with the voiced /ɥ/. Not protruded.[5] | |||
Kham
|
Gamale Kham
|
ह्व़ा
|
[ɥ̊ɐ] | 'monkey' | Described as an approximant. Contrasts with the voiced /ɥ/.[6] |
Notes
- ^ Ohala & Solé (2010), p. 43.
- ^ Patricia Ashby (2013) Speech Sounds. Routledge. 2nd edition, p. 82, 116
- ^ a b Florence Abena Dolphyne (1988) The Akan (Twi-Fante) Language: Its Sound Systems and Tonal Structure, p.44
- ^ Humpfreys (1971).
- ^ Maddieson & Anderson (1994), p. 176.
- ^ Wilde (2016).
References
- Maddieson, Ian; Anderson, Victoria (1994), "Phonetic Structures of Iaai", UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics (87): 163–182
- ISBN 978-3-11-022657-7, archived from the original(PDF) on 2021-06-03, retrieved 2021-11-28
- Wilde, Christopher P. (2016), "Gamale Kham phonology revisited, with Devanagari-based orthography and lexicon", Journal of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society (9): 130–199, hdl:1885/109195