GPR183
Ensembl | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| UniProt | |||||||||
| RefSeq (mRNA) | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | |||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | Chr 13: 99.29 – 99.31 Mb | Chr 14: 122.19 – 122.2 Mb | |||||||
| PubMed search | [3] | [4] | |||||||
| View/Edit Human | View/Edit Mouse |
G-protein coupled receptor 183 also known as Epstein-Barr virus-induced G-protein coupled receptor 2 (EBI2) is a protein (
Tissue distribution and function
B cells
EBI2 helps B cell homing to the outer follicular region within a
T cells
EBI2 also regulates intra-lymphatic T cell migration. Mature T helper cells upregulate EBI2 to follow the oxysterol gradient, migrating to the outer edges of the T cell zone to receive signals from antigen-presenting dendritic cells arriving from the tissues.[6] This migration is critical as the resulting T cell-DC interaction induces T helper cell differentiation into T follicular helper cells.[14] In concert with upregulation of CXCR5, the downregulation of EBI2 helps T follicular helper cells move toward the follicle center to help B cells undergoing affinity maturation in germinal centers.[6]
Dendritic cells
EBI2 expression on CD4+ dendritic cells is a key initiator of immune response. Antigen-activated dendritic cells are driven to lymph node bridging channels via the oxysterol-EBI2 pathway.[9] In the spleen, bridging channels connect the marginal zone, where dendritic cells pick up plasma-soluble antigen, to the T cell zone, where they present antigen to T helper cells. This results in T cell proliferation and differentiation.[6] Localization to bridging channels is also associated with dendritic cell reception of lymphotoxin beta signaling, which augments their blood pathogen uptake, resulting in an increase in T cell responses.[7]
Ligand
Virus infection
GPR183 plays a crucial role in driving inflammation in the lungs during severe viral respiratory infections such as influenza A virus (IAV) and SARS-CoV-2. Studies using preclinical murine models of infection revealed that the activation of GPR183 by oxidized cholesterols leads to the recruitment of monocytes/macrophages and the production of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs.[15]
References
- ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000169508 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000051212 – Ensembl, May 2017
- ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: EBI2 Epstein-Barr virus induced gene 2 (lymphocyte-specific G protein-coupled receptor)".
- ^ S2CID 13699151.
- ^ S2CID 13855522.
- ^ PMID 23481574.
- ^ PMID 24810762.
- ^ S2CID 4414566.
- ^ PMID 21796212.
- PMID 8383238.
- ^ PMID 19597478.
- PMID 30478861.
- PMID 36396144.
Further reading
- Maruyama K, Sugano S (January 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene. 138 (1–2): 171–174. PMID 8125298.
- Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (October 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene. 200 (1–2): 149–156. PMID 9373149.
- Rosenkilde MM, Benned-Jensen T, Andersen H, Holst PJ, Kledal TN, Lüttichau HR, et al. (May 2006). "Molecular pharmacological phenotyping of EBI2. An orphan seven-transmembrane receptor with constitutive activity". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 281 (19): 13199–13208. PMID 16540462.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.