Trilostane
Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Vetoryl, others |
Other names | WIN-24,540; 4α,5-Epoxy-3,17β-dihydroxy-5α-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile |
Routes of administration | By mouth[1] |
ATC code | |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Metabolism | Liver |
Metabolites | 17-Ketotrilostane[1] |
Elimination half-life | Trilostane: 1.2 hours[1] 17-Ketotrilostane: 1.2 hours[1] |
Identifiers | |
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Trilostane, sold under the brand name Vetoryl among others, is a medication which has been used in the treatment of
Medical uses
Trilostane has been used in the treatment of
Contraindications
Trilostane should not be used in pregnant women.[1]
Trilostane should not be given to a dog that:
- Has kidney or liver disease[10][11]
- Takes certain medications used to treat cardiovascular disease[12]
- Is pregnant, nursing or intended for breeding[10][11]
Side effects
Pharmacology
Pharmacodynamics
Trilostane is a
The mechanism of action of trilostane in Cushing's syndrome and Conn's syndrome is by inhibiting the production of corticosteroids such as cortisol and aldosterone in the adrenal glands.[14][15] Trilostane has also been used as an abortifacient due to its inhibition of progesterone synthesis.[1][16]
Trilostane is not an aromatase inhibitor and hence does not inhibit the conversion of androgens like androstenedione and testosterone into estrogens like estrone and estradiol.[1] However, trilostane may nonetheless inhibit estrogen synthesis by inhibiting androgen synthesis.[1]
In addition to steroidogenesis inhibition, trilostane has been found to act as a
Pharmacokinetics
Trilostane is
Chemistry
Trilostane, also known as 4α,5-epoxy-3,17β-dihydroxy-5α-androst-2-ene-2-carbonitrile, is a
Synthesis
Trilostane is prepared from testosterone in a four-step synthesis.[citation needed]
History
Trilostane was
Trilostane was approved in the United States in 2008 for the treatment of Cushing's disease (hyperadrenocorticism) in dogs under the brand name Vetoryl.[25] It was available by prescription in the United Kingdom for dogs under the Vetoryl brand name for some time before it was approved in the United States.[10] The drug is also used to treat the skin disorder Alopecia X in dogs.[20][26][27]
Trilostane was the first drug approved to treat both
A number of
Society and culture
Legal status
In March 2024, the Committee for Veterinary Medicinal Products (CVMP) of the European Medicines Agency adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the veterinary medicinal product Trilocur, oral suspension for dogs.[2] The applicant for this veterinary medicinal product is Emdoka.[2] In March 2024, the CVMP adopted a positive opinion, recommending the granting of a marketing authorization for the veterinary medicinal product Trilorale, oral suspension for dogs.[3] The applicant for this veterinary medicinal product is Axience.[3] Trilocur and Trilorale were approved for medical use in the European Union in May 2024.[32][33]
Generic names
Trilostane is the
,Brand names
Trilostane has been marketed under a number of brand names including Desopan, Modrastane, Modrenal, Trilox, Vetoryl, Oncovet TL and Winstan.[4][5]
Availability
Trilostane is available for veterinary use in countries throughout the world.[34]
Veterinary uses
Trilostane is used for the treatment of Cushing's syndrome in dogs. The
References
- ^ S2CID 23940491.
- ^ a b c "Trilocur EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
- ^ a b c "Trilorale EPAR". European Medicines Agency. 13 March 2024. Retrieved 20 March 2024. Text was copied from this source which is copyright European Medicines Agency. Reproduction is authorized provided the source is acknowledged.
- ^ ISBN 978-1-4757-2085-3.
- ^ ISBN 978-94-011-4439-1.
- ISBN 978-0-89573-552-2.
5870 (6516) C20H2:NOs 13647-35-3 42,5-Epoxy-173-hydroxy-3-oxo-50-androstane-22carbonitrile = (22,42,52,173)-4,5-Epoxy-17-hydroxy-3-oxoandrostane-2-carbonitrile (e) S Desopan, Modrastane, Modrenal, Trilostane", Trilox, Win 24 540, Winstan U Adrenocortical suppressant (steroid biosynthesis inhibitor)
- ISBN 978-1-351-78989-9.
- ^ PMID 24465047.
- ^ "Cushing's Disease in Dogs Part 3: Current & Investigative Options for Therapy". Today's Veterinary Practice. 24 February 2016. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- ^ a b c "Vetoryl-Contraindications". NOAH Compendium of Animal Health-National Office of Animal Health UK. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ a b "Dechra US Datasheet-Vetoryl" (PDF). Dechra US. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 March 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2011. (PDF)
- ^ "Cushing's Disease in Dogs". NASC LIVE. 2 February 2015. Retrieved 4 January 2021.
- PMID 21295836.
- ^ Reusch CE (2006). "Trilostane-5 Years of Clinical Experience for the Treatment of Cushing's Disease" (PDF). Ohio State University Endocrinology Symposium. pp. 17–19. Retrieved 5 April 2011.[permanent dead link] (PDF)
- ^ Reusch CE (2010). "Trilostane-A Review of a Success Story". World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA). Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- PMID 12042266.
- ^ S2CID 25779906.
- ^ PMID 29584099.
- PMID 20831980.
- ^ a b Cook AK (1 February 2008). "Trilostane: A therapeutic consideration for canine hyperadrenocorticism". DVM 360. Archived from the original on 17 February 2013. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
- ^ "Trilostane consumer information". Drugs.com. 4 January 2009. Archived from the original on 12 February 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ "Modrenal consumer information". Drugs.com UK. Archived from the original on 14 October 2012. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ "Modrenal". electronic Medicines Compendium UK. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ )
- ^ a b "Vetoryl approval information". Food and Drug Administration. 5 December 2008. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ Hillier A (2006). "Alopecia: Is an Endocrine Disorder Responsible?" (PDF). Ohio State University Endocrinology Symposium. p. 12 of 67. Retrieved 8 April 2011.[permanent dead link] (PDF)
- )
- ^ "Anipryl consumer information". Drugs.com Vet. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ a b c "Treating Cushing's Disease in Dogs". US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- PMID 17542193.
- ^ "VETORYL (trilostane) Capsules Letter - Pharmacy Professionals". Food and Drug Administration. 11 September 2009. Retrieved 3 April 2011.
- ^ "Trilocur PI". Union Register of medicinal products. 7 May 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ^ "Trilorale PI". Union Register of medicinal products. 7 May 2024. Retrieved 18 June 2024.
- ^ "Vetoryl Capsules (Trilostane) for Animal Use".