Isotopes of tungsten
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Naturally occurring
observationally stable
), and lower bounds for their half-lives have been established:
- 182W, t1/2 > 7.7×1021 years
- 183W, t1/2 > 4.1×1021 years
- 184W, t1/2 > 8.9×1021 years
- 186W, t1/2 > 8.2×1021 years
Thirty-four artificial
meta states
with mass numbers of 158, 179, with 3, 180, with 2, 183, 185, 186, with 2, and 190, the most stable being 179m1W (t1/2 6.4 minutes).
List of isotopes
Nuclide [n 1] |
Z | N | Isotopic mass (Da) [n 2][n 3] |
Half-life [n 4][n 5] |
Daughter isotope [n 7][n 8] |
Natural abundance (mole fraction) | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Excitation energy | Normal proportion | Range of variation | |||||||||||||||||
156W[3] | 74 | 82 | 157+57 −34 ms |
β+ | 156Ta | 0+ | |||||||||||||
157W[4] | 74 | 83 | 275(40) ms | β+ | 157Ta | (7/2−) | |||||||||||||
158W | 74 | 84 | 157.97456(54)# | 1.37(17) ms | α | 154Hf | 0+ | ||||||||||||
158mW | 1889(8) keV | 143(19) μs | α | 154Hf | 8+ | ||||||||||||||
159W | 74 | 85 | 158.97292(43)# | 8.2(7) ms | α (82%) | 155Hf | 7/2−# | ||||||||||||
β+ (18%) | 159Ta | ||||||||||||||||||
160W | 74 | 86 | 159.96848(22) | 90(5) ms | α (87%) | 156Hf | 0+ | ||||||||||||
β+ (14%) | 160Ta | ||||||||||||||||||
161W | 74 | 87 | 160.96736(21)# | 409(16) ms | α (73%) | 157Hf | 7/2−# | ||||||||||||
β+ (23%) | 161Ta | ||||||||||||||||||
162W | 74 | 88 | 161.963497(19) | 1.36(7) s | β+ (53%) | 162Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (47%) | 158Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
163W | 74 | 89 | 162.96252(6) | 2.8(2) s | β+ (59%) | 163Ta | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||
α (41%) | 159Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
164W | 74 | 90 | 163.958954(13) | 6.3(2) s | β+ (97.4%) | 164Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (2.6%) | 160Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
165W | 74 | 91 | 164.958280(27) | 5.1(5) s | β+ (99.8%) | 165Ta | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||
α (.2%) | 161Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
166W | 74 | 92 | 165.955027(11) | 19.2(6) s | β+ (99.96%) | 166Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (.035%) | 162Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
167W | 74 | 93 | 166.954816(21) | 19.9(5) s | β+ (>99.9%) | 167Ta | 3/2−# | ||||||||||||
α (<.1%) | 163Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
168W | 74 | 94 | 167.951808(17) | 51(2) s | β+ (99.99%) | 168Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (.0319%) | 164Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
169W | 74 | 95 | 168.951779(17) | 76(6) s | β+ | 169Ta | (5/2−) | ||||||||||||
170W | 74 | 96 | 169.949228(16) | 2.42(4) min | β+(99%) | 170Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
α (1%) | 166Hf | ||||||||||||||||||
171W | 74 | 97 | 170.94945(3) | 2.38(4) min | β+ | 171Ta | (5/2−) | ||||||||||||
172W | 74 | 98 | 171.94729(3) | 6.6(9) min | β+ | 172Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
173W | 74 | 99 | 172.94769(3) | 7.6(2) min | β+ | 173Ta | 5/2− | ||||||||||||
174W | 74 | 100 | 173.94608(3) | 33.2(21) min | β+ | 174Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
175W | 74 | 101 | 174.94672(3) | 35.2(6) min | β+ | 175Ta | (1/2−) | ||||||||||||
176W | 74 | 102 | 175.94563(3) | 2.5(1) h | EC | 176Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
177W | 74 | 103 | 176.94664(3) | 132(2) min | β+ | 177Ta | 1/2− | ||||||||||||
178W | 74 | 104 | 177.945876(16) | 21.6(3) d | EC | 178Ta | 0+ | ||||||||||||
179W | 74 | 105 | 178.947070(17) | 37.05(16) min | β+ | 179Ta | (7/2)− | ||||||||||||
179m1W | 221.926(8) keV | 6.40(7) min | IT (99.72%)
|
179W | (1/2)− | ||||||||||||||
β+ (.28%) | 179Ta | ||||||||||||||||||
179m2W | 1631.90(8) keV | 390(30) ns | (21/2+) | ||||||||||||||||
179m3W | 3348.45(16) keV | 750(80) ns | (35/2−) | ||||||||||||||||
180W[n 10] | 74 | 106 | 179.946704(4) | 1.8(0.2)×1018 y | α | 176Hf | 0+ | 0.0012(1) | |||||||||||
180m1W | 1529.04(3) keV | 5.47(9) ms | IT | 180W | 8− | ||||||||||||||
180m2W | 3264.56(21) keV | 2.33(19) μs | 14− | ||||||||||||||||
181W | 74 | 107 | 180.948197(5) | 121.2(2) d | EC | 181Ta | 9/2+ | ||||||||||||
182W | 74 | 108 | 181.9482042(9) | Observationally Stable[n 11]
|
0+ | 0.2650(16) | |||||||||||||
183W | 74 | 109 | 182.9502230(9) | Observationally Stable[n 12] | 1/2− | 0.1431(4) | |||||||||||||
183mW | 309.493(3) keV | 5.2(3) s | IT | 183W | 11/2+ | ||||||||||||||
184W | 74 | 110 | 183.9509312(9) | Observationally Stable[n 13] | 0+ | 0.3064(2) | |||||||||||||
185W | 74 | 111 | 184.9534193(10) | 75.1(3) d | β− | 185Re | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
185mW | 197.43(5) keV | 1.597(4) min | IT | 185W | 11/2+ | ||||||||||||||
186W | 74 | 112 | 185.9543641(19) | Observationally Stable[n 14] | 0+ | 0.2843(19) | |||||||||||||
186m1W | 1517.2(6) keV | 18(1) μs | (7−) | ||||||||||||||||
186m2W | 3542.8(21) keV | >3 ms | (16+) | ||||||||||||||||
187W | 74 | 113 | 186.9571605(19) | 23.72(6) h | β− | 187Re | 3/2− | ||||||||||||
188W | 74 | 114 | 187.958489(4) | 69.78(5) d | β− | 188Re | 0+ | ||||||||||||
189W | 74 | 115 | 188.96191(21) | 11.6(3) min | β− | 189Re | (3/2−) | ||||||||||||
190W | 74 | 116 | 189.96318(18) | 30.0(15) min | β− | 190Re | 0+ | ||||||||||||
190mW | 2381(5) keV | <3.1 ms | (10−) | ||||||||||||||||
191W | 74 | 117 | 190.96660(21)# | 20# s [>300 ns] |
3/2−# | ||||||||||||||
192W | 74 | 118 | 191.96817(64)# | 10# s [>300 ns] |
0+ | ||||||||||||||
This table header & footer: |
- ^ mW – Excited nuclear isomer.
- ^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
- ^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
- age of universe.
- ^ a b # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
- ^
Modes of decay:
EC: Electron capture IT: Isomeric transition - ^ Bold italics symbol as daughter – Daughter product is nearly stable.
- ^ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
- ^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
- ^ Primordial radionuclide
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 178Hf with a half-life over 7.7×1021 y
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 179Hf with a half-life over 4.1×1021 y
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 180Hf with a half-life over 8.9×1021 y
- ^ Believed to undergo α decay to 182Hf or β−β− decay to 186Os with a half-life over 8.2×1021 y
References
- ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Tungsten". CIAAW. 1991.
- ISSN 1365-3075.
- .
- S2CID 117121162. Retrieved 11 June 2023.
- Isotope masses from:
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from:
- .
- Wieser, Michael E. (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". .
- "News & Notices: Standard Atomic Weights Revised". International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. 19 October 2005.
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from the following sources.
- Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean;
- National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
- Holden, Norman E. (2004). "11. Table of the Isotopes". In Lide, David R. (ed.). ISBN 978-0-8493-0485-9.