Isotopes of fluorine

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Isotopes of fluorine (9F)
Main isotopes Decay
abun­dance half-life (t1/2) mode pro­duct
18F trace 109.734 min
β+
 		18O
19F
 100%
stable
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    • fluorine-19 is stable and naturally occurring in more than trace quantities; therefore, fluorine is a monoisotopic and mononuclidic element
    .

    The longest-lived radioisotope is 18
    F
    ; it has a half-life of 109.734(8) min. All other fluorine isotopes have half-lives of less than a minute, and most of those less than a second. The least stable known isotope is 14
    F
    , whose half-life is 500(60) yoctoseconds,[4] corresponding to a resonance width of 910(100) keV.

    List of isotopes

    Nuclide
    [n 1]     		Z N Isotopic mass (Da)[5]
    [n 2][n 3]     		Half-life[4]
    [n 4]
    Decay
    mode[4]
    [n 5]
    		 Daughter
    isotope
    [n 6]
    Spin and
    parity[4]
    [n 7][n 4]
    		 Isotopic
    abundance
    Excitation energy
    13
    F
    [6]     		9 4 13.045120(540)# p ?[n 8] 12
    O
     ?     		1/2+#
    14
    F
         		9 5 14.034320(40) 500(60) ys
    [910(100) keV]     		p ?[n 8] 13
    O
     ?     		2−
    15
    F
         		9 6 15.017785(15) 1.1(3) zs
    [376 keV]     		p 14
    O
         		1/2+
    16
    F
         		9 7 16.011460(6) 21(5) zs
    [21.3(5.1) keV]     		p 15
    O
         		0−
    17
    F
    [n 9]     		9 8 17.00209524(27) 64.370(27) s β+ 17
    O
         		5/2+
    18
    F
    [n 10]     		9 9 18.0009373(5) 109.734(8) min β+ 18
    O
         		1+ Trace
    18m
    F
         		1121.36(15) keV 162(7) ns
    IT
    		 18
    F
         		5+
    19
    F
         		9 10 18.998403162067(883) Stable 1/2+ 1
    20
    F
         		9 11 19.99998125(3) 11.0062(80) s β− 20
    Ne
         		2+
    21
    F
         		9 12 20.9999489(19) 4.158(20) s β− 21
    Ne
         		5/2+
    22
    F
         		9 13 22.002999(13) 4.23(4) s β− (> 89%) 22
    Ne
         		(4+)
    β−n (< 11%) 21
    Ne
    23
    F
         		9 14 23.003530(40) 2.23(14) s β− (> 86%) 23
    Ne
         		5/2+
    β−n (< 14%) 22
    Ne
    24
    F
         		9 15 24.008100(100) 384(16) ms β− (> 94.1%) 24
    Ne
         		3+
    β−n (< 5.9%) 23
    Ne
    25
    F
         		9 16 25.012170(100) 80(9) ms β− (76.9(4.5)%) 25
    Ne
         		(5/2+)
    β−n (23.1(4.5)%) 24
    Ne
    β−2n ?[n 8] 23
    Ne
     ?
    26
    F
         		9 17 26.020050(110) 8.2(9) ms β− (86.5(4.0)%) 26
    Ne
         		1+
    β−n (13.5(4.0)%) 25
    Ne
    β−2n ?[n 8] 24
    Ne
     ?
    26m
    F
         		643.4(1) keV 2.2(1) ms IT (82(11)%) 26
    F
         		(4+)
    β−n (12(8)%) 25
    Ne
    β− ?[n 8] 26
    Ne
     ?
    27
    F
         		9 18 27.026980(130) 5.0(2) ms β−n (77(21)%) 26
    Ne
         		5/2+#
    β− (23(21)%) 27
    Ne
    β−2n ?[n 8] 25
    Ne
     ?
    28
    F
         		9 19 28.035860(130) 46 zs n 27
    F
         		(4−)
    29
    F
         		9 20 29.043100(560) 2.5(3) ms β−n (60(40)%) 28
    Ne
         		(5/2+)
    β− (40(40)%) 29
    Ne
    β−2n ?[n 8] 27
    Ne
     ?
    31
    F
         		9 22 31.06020(570)# 2 ms# [> 260 ns] β− ?[n 8] 31
    Ne
     ?     		5/2+#
    β−n ?[n 8] 30
    Ne
     ?
    β−2n ?[n 8] 29
    Ne
     ?
    This table header & footer:
    1. ^ mF – Excited nuclear isomer.
    2. ^ ( ) – Uncertainty (1σ) is given in concise form in parentheses after the corresponding last digits.
    3. ^ # – Atomic mass marked #: value and uncertainty derived not from purely experimental data, but at least partly from trends from the Mass Surface (TMS).
    4. ^ a b # – Values marked # are not purely derived from experimental data, but at least partly from trends of neighboring nuclides (TNN).
    5. ^ Modes of decay:
      EC: Electron capture
      IT:
      Isomeric transition
      n: Neutron emission
      p: Proton emission
    6. ^ Bold symbol as daughter – Daughter product is stable.
    7. ^ ( ) spin value – Indicates spin with weak assignment arguments.
    8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Decay mode shown is energetically allowed, but has not been experimentally observed to occur in this nuclide.
    9. ^ Intermediate product of various CNO cycles in stellar nucleosynthesis as part of the process producing helium from hydrogen
    10. ^ Has medicinal uses

    Fluorine-18

    Main article: Fluorine-18

    Of the unstable nuclides of fluorine, 18
    F
     has the longest half-life, 109.734(8) min. It decays to 18
    O
     via β+ decay. For this reason 18
    F
     is a commercially important source of

    fludeoxyglucose, used in positron emission tomography
    in medicine.

    Fluorine-18 is the lightest unstable nuclide with equal odd numbers of protons and neutrons, having 9 of each. (See also the

    "magic numbers" discussion of nuclide stability.)[7]

    Fluorine-19

    Fluorine-19 is the only stable

    fluorine-19 NMR
    spectroscopy.

    Fluorine-20

    Fluorine-20 is an unstable

    mean lifetime
    of 15.879(12) s.

    Fluorine-21

    Fluorine-21, as with

    fluorine-20, is also an unstable isotope of fluorine. It has a half-life of 4.158(20) s. It undergoes beta decay as well, decaying to 21
    Ne
    , which is a stable nuclide. Its specific activity
    is 4.781(23)×10+21 Bq/g.

    Isomers

    Only two

    beta-minus decay) to one of high excited states of 26
    Ne
     with delayed neutron emission.[4]

    External links

    References

    1. ^ Chisté & Bé 2011.
    2. ^ "Standard Atomic Weights: Fluorine". CIAAW. 2021.
    3. ISSN 1365-3075
      .
    4. ^
      doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae
      .
    5. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddaf
      .
    6. S2CID 233259561
      . Retrieved 5 April 2021.
    7. ^ National Nuclear Data Center. "NuDat 2.x database". Brookhaven National Laboratory.
    8. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/41/3/030001
      .

    Sources

    • Chisté, V.; Bé, M. M. (2011). "F-18" (PDF). In Bé, M. M.; Coursol, N.; Duchemin, B.; Lagoutine, F.; et al. (eds.). Table de radionucléides (Report). CEA (Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), LIST, LNE-LNHB (Laboratoire National Henri Becquerel/Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique). Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 August 2020. Retrieved 15 June 2011.
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