List of floods

Source: Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.

A flood is an overflow of water that submerges land that is usually dry. In the sense of "flowing water", the word may also be applied to the inflow of the tide. Floods are an area of study of the discipline hydrology and are of significant concern in agriculture, civil engineering and public health.

List of notable floods

12th century BC

14th century

15th century

16th century

  • 1530 St. Felix's flood
  • Mississippi River Flood of March 1543. The flooding reportedly lasted for 40 days.

17th century

flood that struck the North Sea
coast of Germany and Denmark in October 1634

18th century

Christmas flood of 1717

19th century

Floods in Saint Petersburg on 19 November 1824

20th Century

1910s

1910 Great Flood of Paris
  • In January 1910, large areas of Paris were flooded when the river burst its banks.
  • In June 1910 heavy rains caused extreme flooding throughout central Europe killing more than 1200 people.
  • The Great Flood of 1913, which included the Great Dayton Flood, killed 650 people and destroyed 20,000 homes in the United States. It also damaged historic photographic plates belonging to Wilbur and Orville Wright. It ended canal transportation in Ohio.
  • The 1916 Clermont, Queensland flood was the worst flood in Clermont history.
  • The Hatfield Flood of San Diego, United States, of 1916 destroyed the Lower Otay Dam,[5] damaged the Sweetwater Dam,[6] and caused 22 deaths and $4.5 million in damages.

1920s

1930s

  • The
    1931 Yellow River flood caused between 800,000 and 4,000,000 deaths in China, one of a series of disastrous floods on the Yellow River
    . It was one of the worst floods in history.
  • The Ohio River flood of 1937 occurred in late January and February 1937, causing damage along the Ohio River and several smaller tributaries from Pittsburgh, Illinois, to Cairo, Illinois. This flood left close to one million people homeless, 385 dead, and $50,000,000 worth of damage.
  • The Los Angeles flood of 1938 occurred from late February to early March 1938, causing the Los Angeles River and the Santa Ana River to overflow, causing $40,000,000 worth of damage and causing 115 lives to be lost.
  • The 1938 Hanshin flood occurred in July 1938 in Kobe area in Japan, causing 925 lost lives as exceptionally heavy seasonal raining caused landslides at Rokko mountains.

1940s

1950s

1960s

  • In the year 1960, flooding from a deadly tsunami caused by the
    Valdivia (all in Chile
    ).
  • The North Sea flood of 1962 killed almost 330 people along the coasts of southeastern England, Germany, and southern Denmark. 318 of the deaths occurred in Hamburg, Germany, and many millions of pounds' worth of damage was done.
  • The Vallés floods on September 25, 1962, affected several towns and cities of Catalonia and resulted in 617 deaths and extensive material damage.
  • On 25 October 1964, high water due to heavy rains upstream caused the River Sava to overflow its embankments in Zagreb, Croatia, killing 17 people, flooding much of the city, and causing devastating material damage.
  • An earthquake in 1965
    triggered the failure of six dams, two of which released millions of tonnes of water and debris that wiped away the town of El Cobre in the Valparaiso Region
    of Chile.
  • In 1965, Hurricane Betsy flooded large areas of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, for up to 10 days, drowning around 40 people.
  • In 1966, the
    flood of the Arno River
    killed dozens of people and damaged or destroyed millions of masterpieces of art and rare books in Florence, Italy.
  • 1967 Uetsu flood, a 200 to 700 mm (7.87 to 27.56 inches) of precipiotation observed in Murakami, Shibata and Oguni area, Niigata and Yamagata Prefecture, for four days, affective an autumn rain front line from Noto Peninsula to Iwaki, for these period on Honshu, Japan, where damaged multiple dams and river embankment collapse, and flood swept and debris flow on these area, total 146 persons were human fatalities, according to Japan Fire and Disaster Management Agency official confirmed report,[citation needed]

1970s

  • On the night of 9 June 1972 the people of Rapid City, South Dakota in the United States were struck by a deadly flood that lasted two days. It took 238 lives and caused millions of dollars in damage.
  • On
    Luzon island in the Philippines, the "Great Luzon Flood" of 1972 was triggered by a series of storms during the 1972 Pacific typhoon season, namely Susan (locally named Edong), Rita (Gloring), Tropical Depression Huaning, Tropical Storm Winnie (Isang), and Tropical Depression Konsing. More than thirty days of constant rain over central Luzon left 565 dead (485 of whom had drowned), directly affected 5.5 million people, and left 2 Billion Philippine Pesos (unadjusted) in damage.[9]
  • In 1974, the dying cyclone Wanda triggered major flooding in Brisbane, Australia killing 6 people and leaving hundreds homeless.
  • On 2 July 1975, many areas of Romanian Cuverture Charpatinas (e.g. Buzau, Prahova County), were struck by major flooding.
  • In August 1975, the Banqiao Dam in China breaks apart under excess rainfall and damage from Typhoon Nina, drowning about 26,000 and caused the lives of another 140,000 in resulting epidemics.
  • On July 31, 1976, a nearly stationary thunderstorm caused a major flash flood in the infamous Big Thompson River Canyon, claiming 139 lives. This occurred on the eve of Colorado's centennial.

1980s

1990–2000

21st century

2000s

2001
  • In June 2001, floods from
    Houston, Texas
    , area.
2002–2003
2004–2005
View of flooded New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina.
2006–2007
2008–2009
2010

2010s

2011
2012
  • In July 2012, heavy torrential rains caused floods in Kyushu, Japan, leaving 32 people dead or missing.
  • In 2012 Great Britain and Ireland floods caused many floods in the United Kingdom, in April floods and gales hit most of England causing flooding and power outages, on 28 June 2012 there were two severe supercell thunderstorms which traveled across the West Midlands causing flash flooding, on 6 July 2012 heavy rainfall brought floods to the South West of England with the Met Office issuing red rain warnings, flooding later returned to the UK on 23 November 2012, as heavy persistent rainfall fell in South West England which caused rivers to burst their banks, the rain later pushed into the Midlands overnight causing more flooding, on 26 November 2012 another band of rain pushed into South West England, The Environment Agency issued three severe flood warnings for the South West England and 90 flood warnings, the following day the Environment Agency issued 110 flood warning for the Midlands, most of which were for the River Avon and the River Severn.
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024

Floods by region

Africa

Asia

East Asia

China
Fighting the 1954 Yangtze Flood, as depicted on a monument in Wuhan
Hong Kong, China
Japan
Picture show at heavy rain, following flood in Shira River, Kumamoto, Kyushu, July 2012
  • 2021 August Japan floods[citation needed]
  • In July 2012, heavy torrential rains caused floods in Kyushu, Japan, leaving 32 people dead or missing. Later in August incessant rains and storm caused floods in Kinki region, causing one casualty.
  • In July 1996 a flood hit Central Honshū and 48 people died.
  • On 21 September 1996, a typhoon hit Kyushu causing flooding along the coasts as huge waves crashed onshore and flooding onshore when the typhoon dumped much rain on the area.
  • In 1953, the
    1953 North Kyushu Flood killed 759 people and the killed and missing amounted to 1,001 in the northern area of Kyushu of Japan
    .
  • The 1938 Hanshin flood occurred in July 1938 in Kobe area in Japan, causing 925 lost lives as exceptionally heavy torrential raining caused landslides at Rokko mountain.
  • 2018 Japan floods
North Korea
  • North Korea saw one of its worst floods ever in May 2006.
South Korea

South Asia

Bangladesh
  • Bangladesh has been victim of numerous floods throughout the years, the major ones being in 1954, 1955, 1970, 1985, 1988, 1998, 2004, 2007 and 2012.
India
  • Assam has been suffering floods regularly since 1998.
  • Flooding in Mumbai in July 2005 left over 700 dead. Some areas went under 5 m of water.
  • The 2008 Indian floods affected most of India throughout 2008.
  • In October 2009, flooding occurred across many parts of South India. It was one of the worst floods in the area in the last 100 years, killing at least 299 people and making 500,000 homeless.
  • The Leh floods occurred on 6 August 2010 in Leh, the largest town in Ladakh, a region of the northernmost Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. At least 193 people are reported to have died, five of whom were foreign tourists, after a cloudburst and heavy overnight rains triggered flash floods and mudslides. A further 200 people were reported missing and thousands more were rendered homeless after the flooding caused extensive damage to property and infrastructure.
  • The 2013 North India floods in Uttarakhand which destroyed many things and landslides caused by heavy rainfall.
  • The 2014 South India floods in Visakhapatnam which destroyed many things and landslides caused by heavy rainfall and thousands more were rendered homeless after the flooding caused extensive damage to property and infrastructure.[clarification needed]
  • The 2015 South India Floods in Chennai due to the heavy rain fall of northeast monsoons in 2015 is considered one of the major disasters in the state of Tamil Nadu. It occurred from November end till the mid of second week of December.
  • 2017 Gujarat flood
  • 2017 South Asian floods
  • 2018 Kerala floods
  • 2020 South Asian floods
  • 2021 Uttarakhand flood
  • 2021 Maharashtra floods
  • 2022 India–Bangladesh floods
  • 2022 Balrampur floods
  • 2023 North India floods
Pakistan
  • In 2003, Sindh province was badly affected due to monsoon rains causing damages in billions of places.
  • In 2007,
    Balochistan Province in sea water killing 380 people. Before that it killed 213 people in Karachi
    on its way to Balochistan.
  • In 2009, Karachi was flooded. (see 2009 Karachi floods)
  • In 2010, from mid-July till mid-August – Pakistan's four provinces (Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Southern Punjab and Sindh) were badly affected during the monsoon rains when dams, rivers and lakes overflowed, killing at least 1,750 people, injuring 2,500 and affecting 23 million people. The flood is considered the worst in Pakistan's history, affecting people of all four provinces and Asad Jamu and Kashmir Region of Pakistan.[57] (see 2010 Pakistan floods)
  • The
    2013 Afghanistan–Pakistan floods
    .
  • In 2022 Pakistan suffered the worst flood in the country's history.

Southeast Asia

  • 2014 Southeast Asian floods
    .
Indonesia
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
Thailand
  • The
    2010 Thailand floods
    .
  • 2011 Thailand floods started from July 2011 until January 2012 resulted in a total of 815 deaths, 13.6 million people affected, 65 provinces were declared flood disaster zones, over 20,000 square kilometers of farmland was damaged and 7 industrial estates was temporarily shut down causing over US$45.7 billion (1.4 trillion Baht) of over all damage.[63]

Europe

Czech Republic

France

  • One of France's worst floods of the 20th century occurred in 1910. The end of 1909 and early 1910 saw a period of heavy rain and snow fall over a period of 3 months. The level of the Seine began to rise rapidly from 18 to 20 January, rising to a maximum of 8.62 meters above normal on the 28th. Some 4 billion cubic meters of river water, contaminated with river sediment and municipal sewage, flooded over 5 square kilometers of Paris. There were over 150,000 casualties and over 20,000 buildings flooded.[66]

Germany

Greece

Italy

Poland

Portugal

  • In February 2010, severe floods and mudslides hit the Portuguese island of Madeira, killing at least 50.[68]

Spain

  • 13–14 October 1957, in Valencia, torrential rain results in a devastating flood, at least 81 people lose their lives.[69]
  • In 1982, the river
    Valencia, Spain) broke the Tous Reservoir causing a flood that killed 30 people.[70]

United Kingdom

  • The North Sea flood of 1953 was one of the most devastating natural disasters ever recorded in the UK.
  • The
    2015 Great Britain and Ireland floods
England
  • Great Sheffield Flood – Deadliest flood in the history of the UK, caused by the failure of the Dale Dike Reservoir. Affected Sheffield in 1864, 270 dead
  • 1928 Thames flood
  • Lynmouth flood of 1952 – 34 people were killed, with a further 420 made homeless. Over 100 buildings were destroyed.
  • Flooding from snowmelt March 1947 in England including the 1947 Thames flood
  • Floods in July and September 1968 in England
  • Autumn 2000 flooding in England
  • Boscastle flood of 2004
     – Boscastle in Cornwall was heavily damaged due to flash floods.
  • Eden, Kent, Derwent, Greta and Cocker as well as other Cumbrian Rivers flooded in January 2005 damaging around 2000 properties and causing over £250 million of damage.[17]
  • 2007 United Kingdom floods – 6 people killed. Whole country affected, with Yorkshire the worst hit county. Yorkshire suffers many road and rail closures, power cuts and evacuations with Sheffield the worst hit place in the country.
  • November 2009 Great Britain and Ireland floods
     – heavy rain falls on much of the British Isles, but Cumbria worst affected. 2 people killed by the flood
  • 2012 Great Britain and Ireland floods
  • North Sea flood of 2013
  • Winter storms of 2013–2014 in the United Kingdom
     – A continuous stream of major storms and heavy rain falls primarily on the southern British Isles, Somerset Devon and Cornwall worst affected. Loss of large areas of agricultural land, many flood records broken. Main Railway line to Cornwall severed at Dawlish.
Scotland
  • 2002 Glasgow floods – 200 people immediately evacuated, but the water supply of 140 thousand people was affected.
Wales
  • December 2015 – Flooding of Conwy River.
Llanrwst from the air during December 2015 flooding.

North America

Canada

United States

Oceania

Australia

On the left is a photo taken during the 1998 floods in Swifts Creek in Australia. On the right is the same location 8 years later

Fiji

New Zealand

  • The 1858
    Hutt River
    flood kills 14 people
  • The 1878 of the Clutha River
  • The 1897 flooding at Clive in Hawke's Bay kills 12 people
  • The 1929 New Zealand cyclone caused severe flooding in the city of Dunedin
  • In 1938, a flash-flood at a railway workers' camp at Kopuawhara kills 21 people
  • The 1978 flood of the Clutha River, known as the "Hundred years flood" hit one day before the 100th anniversary of the great flood of 1878
  • The 1984 Southland flood
  • In 1988, extensive flooding is caused in several parts of the North Island due to Cyclone Bola
  • The 2004 Manawatu flood inundated the town of Feilding

Solomon Islands

Papua New Guinea

South America

Brazil

Chile

Peru

  • The
    roadways rendered inoperable.[52] Over 70 people have lost their lives as a result of the flooding.[53]

Uruguay

Deadliest floods by year

21st century

See also

References

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External links