Pope Linus

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Pope Linus (

canonized
.

According to Irenaeus, Linus is the same person as the one mentioned in the New Testament.[1] Linus is mentioned in the valediction of the Second Epistle to Timothy (2 Timothy 4:21) as being with Paul the Apostle in Rome near the end of Paul's life.

Background

The earliest reference to the episcopate of Linus was Irenaeus, who in c. 180 wrote that "the blessed apostles, then, having founded and built up the Church, committed into the hands of Linus the office of the episcopate".[2]

According to the earliest succession lists of bishops of Rome, passed down by Irenaeus and

Peter and Paul after they had established the Christian church in Rome. By this reckoning he might be considered therefore the first pope, but from the late 2nd or early 3rd century the convention began of regarding Peter as the first pope.[3]

Jerome described Linus as "the first after Peter to be in charge of the Roman Church"[4] and Eusebius described him as "the first to receive the episcopate of the church at Rome, after the martyrdom of Paul and Peter".[5] John Chrysostom wrote that "this Linus, some say, was second bishop of the Church of Rome after Peter",[6] while the Liberian Catalogue[7] described Peter as the first bishop of Rome and Linus as his successor in the same office.

The

Clement I to whom he entrusted the universal Church and whom he appointed as his successor. Tertullian also wrote of Clement as the successor of Peter.[9] Jerome named Clement as "the fourth bishop of Rome after Peter, if indeed the second was Linus and the third Anacletus, although most of the Latins think that Clement was second after the apostle".[10]

The Apostolic Constitutions[11] note that Linus, whom Paul the Apostle consecrated, was the first bishop of Rome and that he was succeeded by Clement I, whom Peter the Apostle ordained and consecrated.

Episcopate

The chronology of the early popes is heavily disputed.[12] Eusebius and Jerome dated Linus' episcopate between the years 68[13] and 80.[14][15] The Liberian Catalogue and the Liber Pontificalis date it as 56 to 67, during the reign of Nero.[16] This is most likely a mistake, as all four sources give Peter an episcopate of 25 years in Rome, and the Liber Pontificalis even records that Peter died 38 years after Jesus' death, that is, 67–68.[17] The Catholic Encyclopedia gives his years as c. 64–76 or c. 67–79.[1]

Linus is named in the valediction of the Second Epistle to Timothy.[18] In that epistle, Linus is noted as being with Paul the Apostle in Rome near the end of Paul's life. Irenaeus stated that this is the same Linus who became Bishop of Rome.

According to the Liber Pontificalis, Linus was an Italian born in

Roman Canon of the Mass
.

With respect to Linus' purported decree prescribing the covering of women's heads,

martyrdom, cannot be proved and is improbable. For between Nero and Domitian there is no mention of any persecution of the Roman Church; and Irenaeus (1. c., III, iv, 3) from among the early Roman bishops designates only Telesphorus as a glorious martyr."[1] The Roman Martyrology does not categorize Linus as a martyr as does the Liber Pontificalis; the current entry in the former regarding him states: "At Rome, the commemoration of Saint Linus, Pope, to whom, as Saint Irenaeus narrates, the blessed Apostles entrusted the responsibility of the episcopate of the Church founded in the City, and whom the blessed Paul the Apostle mentions as a companion of his."[20]

Legacy

A tomb that

Saint Peter's Basilica in Vatican City.[19]

The city of Saint-Lin–Laurentides in Canada is named in his honour.[citation needed]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d Kirsch, Johann Peter (1910). "Pope St. Linus". Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York, New York, USA: Robert Appleton Company.
  2. ^ Irenaeus, Against Heresies, 3: 3.3
  3. ^ J. N. D. Kelly, Oxford Dictionary of Popes, 2005, pp. 6–7.
  4. ^ "Post Petrum primus Ecclesiam Romanam tenuit Linus" (Chronicon, 14g (p. 267))
  5. ^ Church History, 3.2
  6. ^ "Church Fathers: Homily 10 on Second Timothy (Chrysostom)".
  7. ^ The Chronography of 354 AD, Part 13: Bishops of Rome
  8. ^ Liber Pontificalis, 2
  9. ^ "CHURCH FATHERS: The Prescription Against Heretics (Tertullian)".
  10. ^ "CHURCH FATHERS: De Viris Illustribus (Jerome)".
  11. ^ Apostolic Constitutions, 7.4
  12. ^ Eusebius, Ecclesiastical History, book VIII, chapter 34, note 3. Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers edition, 1890. See also the extensive note in Book VIII, Chapter 2.
  13. ISBN 978-3-515-07530-5
    .
  14. Anencletus
    ) is appointed second bishop of the Roman church for 12 years."
  15. Anencletus
    ."
  16. counted inclusively
    .
  17. ^ Loomis 2006, p. 4, note 3. "Our author gives two incompatible traditions, the first that Peter did not come to Rome before the reign of Nero, the second that after a pontificate of twenty-five years at Rome he was put to death under Nero. The latter is Jerome version".
  18. ^ 2 Timothy 4:21
  19. ^ a b Loomis 2006, p. 6.
  20. ^ a b Martyrologium Romanum (Typis Vaticanis, 2004, p. 532).

Further reading

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Catholic Church titles
Preceded by
Bishop of Rome

67/68–79/80 		Succeeded by
Anacletus
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