42nd Chess Olympiad
42nd Chess Olympiad | |
---|---|
Logo of the 42nd Chess Olympiad | |
Dates run | 1–14 September 2016 |
Competitors | 1,587 (894 in open and 693 in women's event) |
Teams | 180 (Open) 142 (Women) |
Nations | 175 (Open) 138 (Women) |
Venue | Baku Crystal Hall |
Location | Baku, Azerbaijan |
Team medalists
| |
Open | United States Ukraine Russia |
Women | China Poland Ukraine |
Best players
| |
Open | Andrei Volokitin |
Women | Valentina Gunina |
Other awards
| |
Gaprindashvili Cup | Ukraine |
Previous | ←Tromsø 2014 |
Next | Batumi 2018→ |
The 42nd Chess Olympiad (Azerbaijani: 42-ci Şahmat Olimpiadası; also known as the Baku Chess Olympiad), organised by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open[note 1] and women's tournaments, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, was an international team chess event held in Baku, Azerbaijan, from 1 to 14 September 2016.[1] It was the first time that the Chess Olympiad had been hosted in Azerbaijan, the birthplace of former world champion Garry Kasparov; however, Azerbaijan had previously hosted strong tournaments, including the annual Shamkir Chess super-tournament in memory of Vugar Gashimov (1986–2014) and the Chess World Cup 2015.[2][3][4][5]
The total number of participants was 1,587, with 894 in the Open and 693 in the Women's event.
The United States won the gold medal in the Open event for the first time since 1976 and for the sixth time overall, while China won their fifth gold medal in the Women's event and the first since 1994 after winning the silver medal in the last three Olympiads. Ukrainian player Andrei Volokitin, who played as a reserve player, was the best individual player in the Open event with 81⁄2 out of 9 points (eight wins and one draw), with a performance rating of 2992. Russian Valentina Gunina, playing on board two, was the best individual player in the Women's event with 8 out of 10 points (seven wins, two draws and one loss), with a performance rating of 2643.[9]
Bidding process
The bidding procedure for the 42nd Chess Olympiad and the FIDE Congress in connection with a possible bid for the Chess World Cup 2015 was opened in December 2011. Each city interested to host the event had to submit their bid to FIDE by 31 May 2012. The bids were to guarantee that all necessary provisions in accordance with the Olympiad Regulations of the FIDE Handbook would be covered by the organiser, including articles 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 pertaining to the organising committee, finances, and provision of amenities and stipends, respectively.[10][11] Three cities submitted bids to host the event: Albena, Tallinn and Baku.[12]
The final decision was made at the 83rd FIDE Congress in September 2012 in Istanbul. Out of the three bidding cities, the applications of Albena and Tallinn were not accepted as they both failed to make presentations before the voting.[13] Thereafter, discussions started about Baku's nomination and two concerns were raised. The first was the protest by the Armenian representatives against holding the Olympiad in Azerbaijan, who stated that the Armenian chess players would find it difficult to play in Baku, since the two nations were in armed conflict. The second concern was related to the difficulties that the participants may have in obtaining a visa to enter the country. In his speech during the congress, Azerbaijani Minister of Youth and Sports Azad Rahimov said that Armenian sportsmen had already visited Azerbaijan and participated in competitions, where they were provided with security guarantees that had been met, and no incident was ever recorded. He also mentioned the victory of Russian Armenian boxer Misha Aloyan in the 2011 AIBA World Boxing Championships held in Baku as an example that Armenians can not only participate but also win. With regard to the visa issue, Rahimov mentioned the positive experience with the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, where all participants received their visas on arrival at the airport without any problem. He also added that the Armenian sportsmen will also get visas easily. The next speaker was FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, who suggested that the 42nd Chess Olympiad should take place in Baku and mentioned that there are four years for the Azerbaijani-Armenian conflict to be resolved before the event.[14]
I have visited Armenia and Azerbaijan. We discussed holding the Olympics in Azerbaijan with the president of Armenia. Then I met with Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev. Both presidents are my friends, we often talk on the phone. The Olympics will be held in four years and during that time the Azerbaijani-Armenian conflict can be resolved. Let's play chess!
— Kirsan Ilyumzhinov, President of FIDE[14]
His proposal was supported by the delegates and the FIDE Congress awarded the Chess Olympiad 2016 to Baku, and the Chess World Cup 2015 for the year before.[14][15]
Preparations
The organising committee of the Chess Olympiad consisted of fourteen prominent Azerbaijani dignitaries. Head of the committee was the First Deputy Prime Minister of Azerbaijan
In May 2016, the operating committee named three Azerbaijani artists as "Celebrity Ambassadors": the theatre producer Mushivq Abbasov, and the theatre actors Joshgun Rahimov and Rafael Isgandarov.[18] In July 2016, the Olympic gold medal-winning wrestler Farid Mansurov became the fourth celebrity ambassador.[19]
Change of dates
The Chess Olympiad was initially planned to take place from 17 to 30 September 2016. Nevertheless, the organisers have wished to change the dates of the Olympiad because of the school holidays and the availability of hotels. On February 16,
Venue
The venue of the Chess Olympiad was the Baku Crystal Hall.[7] It was built in order to host the Eurovision Song Contest from 22 to 26 May 2012.[23] In late 2012, Jennifer Lopez, Shakira and Rihanna also performed concerts there.[24] In March 2014, the final four tournament of the 2013–14 CEV Women's Champions League took place in the hall.[25] In June 2015, it hosted the boxing, karate, taekwondo, fencing and volleyball events during the inaugural 2015 European Games.[26]
The total area of the complex is 30,958 m2, while the area of the arena is 10,964 m2. Its height in the middle is 24 m. The arena is lit by 12,000 LED light points with a lighting rate of 850 lux at 1 m height. The corridor around the arena is divided into two symmetrical parts with 15 entrances on each side, including 30 outside entrances. Each sector has 2 transport access points (1 on each side), 10 arena entrances (5 on each side) and 16 tribune access points (8 on each side). Along the corridor, there are 10 beverage facilities (5 in each sector), 18 catering facilities (9 in each sector), 2 first aid points (1 in each sector), 36 toilets (6 for men, 6 for women and 6 for persons with physical disabilities in each sector). The hall has 12,000 seats but can accommodate 27,000 people.[27]
The building has a crystalline shape and illuminated façade with numerous LED lights. Its shape and façade are response to Azerbaijan's special request for the creation of a widely visible and visually effective landmark as a bridge between Asia and Europe that will be noticed in an international context. The LED lights were upgraded to allow different dynamic lighting scenarios to appear in order to highlight the membrane façade and create moods appropriate for the different stages of the events.[28]
Financing
The budget for the Olympiad was 13.3 million euros. Some 6.8 million euros were set aside for the first-class accommodation for the players and delegates, while another 1 million euros went to the FIDE Commission for World Championships & Olympiads and intellectual rights.[7][29]
The event
Opening ceremony
The opening ceremony was held on 1 September in the
The ceremony continued with a welcoming video that featured famous chess players from around the world addressing the participants. Then, there was a performance focusing of the connection between people and chess players, which included a waltz choreography as the centrepiece of the show. It was followed by a graphical show at the elevated chessboard that combined folk and modern dance, and was supported by video art projected on the area around and behind the stage. The show featured traditional carpet patterns and designs, embracing a dance group replaying the game of chaturanga. The next part of the ceremony was the parade of nations with the presentation of flags. Each appearance of a new flag on the screen was accompanied by a percussionist who showed up on the stage playing on nagara with the same flag as his drumhead. The percussionists left the stage under the sound of an adaption of the song "We Are the World".[31][32]
The final part of the ceremony was marked with the drawing of lots. It was assisted by Vladimir Kramnik and Hou Yifan as the highest-rated players of the highest-ranked teams in the open and women's event, respectively, who joined the Chief Arbiter Faiq Hasanov for the drawing of colours.[31] The draw resulted in Hou picking the White pieces, meaning that all players in the women's section with odd board numbers (1 or 3) will be White in the first round; and Kramnik picking the Black pieces, meaning that all players in the open section with odd board numbers (1 or 3) will have the Black pieces in the opening round.[30][32]
The opening ceremony ended with a song that was specially composed for the Chess Olympiad and was performed by popular Azerbaijani singers.[31]
Participating teams
The number of registered teams set a record of 180 teams representing 175 countries, however 10 of these did not arrive so the actual participation was 170 teams. The women's event was contested by 142 teams from 138 countries, leaving 38 teams from 37 countries participating in the open event only.[33][34] Ten FIDE Member Federations did not have teams at the Olympiad. They include the triple champions (2006, 2008 and 2012) in the open event Armenia as well as Bhutan, Burundi, Cambodia, Comoros, Gabon, Laos, Nauru, Solomon Islands and East Timor. The Netherlands Antilles, albeit a non-existing entity since 2010, were allowed to field teams under this name, because the Curaçao Chess Federation remains officially registered as representing the dissolved country in the FIDE Directory.[35] Eritrea, Kosovo, and South Sudan debuted at the Chess Olympiads.[36] Countries that had teams in the women's event for the first time were: Djibouti, Guam, Guyana, Maldives, Sierra Leone and Tanzania.[37]
- Notes
- Countries in italics denote those fielding teams in the open event only.
- Countries whose players did not arrive have been stricken.
Competition format and calendar
The tournament was played in a Swiss system format. The time control for all games was 90 minutes for the first 40 moves, after which an additional 30 minutes were granted and increment of 30 seconds per move was applied. Players were permitted to offer a draw at any time. A total of 11 rounds were played, with all teams playing in every round.[38]
In each round, four players from each team faced four players from another team; teams were permitted one reserve player who could be substituted between rounds. The four games were played simultaneously on four boards,
The opening ceremony of the Chess Olympiad took place at 18:30
- All dates are AZST (UTC+5)
OC | Opening ceremony | A | Arbiters meeting | C | Captains meeting | 1 | Round | RD | Rest day | CC | Closing ceremony |
September | 1st Thu |
2nd Fri |
3rd Sat |
4th Sun |
5th Mon |
6th Tue |
7th Wed |
8th Thu |
9th Fri |
10th Sat |
11th Sun |
12th Mon |
13th Tue | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ceremonies | OC | CC | ||||||||||||
Meetings | C | A | ||||||||||||
Tournament round | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | RD | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 |
Open event
The open section of the tournament was contested by a record number of 180 teams representing 175 nations.[33] Azerbaijan, as host nation, fielded three teams, whilst the International Braille Chess Association (IBCA), the International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA), and the International Chess Committee of the Deaf (ICCD) each provided one team.[40][41]
The tournament featured eight out of the top ten players from the
The strongest team of the tournament was
Open summary
The United States won the gold medal in the Open event for the first time since 1976, and for the sixth time overall. They scored nine wins and two draws for a total of 20 match points, and thereby finished as one of only two teams that remained unbeaten in the open event (the other being Greece). Ukraine scored 20 match points (ten wins and one loss) as well, but lost the tie-breaker, to secure the silver medal. Russia, favourites before the tournament, finished in third place with 18 match points, winning the bronze medals. China, the defending champions, scored 15 match points, and occupied the 13th place in the final standings. Norway, led by the world champion Magnus Carlsen, ended the tournament in fifth place, which is their best result ever at the Chess Olympiads; they had only finished in the top 20 on one previous occasion. Teams that had a disappointing result other than China include Azerbaijan (the fourth seed) in 12th place, Spain in 31st place, the Netherlands in 36th place, and Germany in 37th place.[9][46]
Andrei Volokitin of Ukraine, playing as a reserve player, won the individual gold medal overall, scoring 81⁄2 out of 9 (eight wins and a draw) with a rating performance of 2992. The other gold medalists include: Baadur Jobava of Georgia on board one with a total score of 8 out of 10 and a rating performance of 2926, Vladimir Kramnik of Russia on board two who scored 61⁄2 out of 8 with a rating performance of 2903, Wesley So of the United States on board three with 81⁄2 out of 10 and a rating performance of 2896, and
I wanted to speak a little about people who impressed the most, and somehow I kept on ignoring his performances in my previous two banters during this Olympiad, which is ridiculous, but I think pride of place goes to Eugenio Torre. You probably know who he is, and you probably have read about his results by now, but what he achieved during this Olympiad is absolutely tremendous. He is by no means a young man by now and he ... played a tremendous level of opposition. The Philippines are a decently strong team and they played very, very decent opposition almost throughout the tournament. The result Eugenio showed in this event is absolutely fantastic.[47]
# | Country | Players | Average rating |
MP | dSB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | United States | Caruana, Nakamura, So, Shankland, Robson | 2765 | 20 | 413.5 |
2 | Ukraine | Eljanov, Ponomariov, Kryvoruchko, Korobov, Volokitin | 2704 | 20 | 404.5 |
3 | Russia | Karjakin, Kramnik, Tomashevsky, Nepomniachtchi, Grischuk | 2768 | 18 | |
4 | India | Karthikeyan |
2683 | 16 | 350.5 |
5 | Norway | Carlsen, Hammer, Tari, Urkedal, Getz | 2654 | 16 | 344.5 |
6 | Turkey | Šolak, Ipatov, Yılmaz, Can, Esen | 2617 | 16 | 341.5 |
7 | Poland | Wojtaszek, Duda, Bartel, Piorun, Świercz | 2685 | 16 | 331.0 |
8 | France | Vachier-Lagrave, Mazé, Édouard, Fressinet, Bauer | 2684 | 16 | 326.5 |
9 | England | Adams, Howell, McShane, Jones, Short | 2685 | 16 | 323.0 |
10 | Peru | Cruz, Fernández |
2566 | 16 | 306.0 |
- Notes
- Average ratings calculated by chess-results.com based in September 2016 ratings.
All board prizes were given out according to performance ratings for players who have played at least eight games at the tournament. Andrei Volokitin as a reserve player had the best performance of all players in the tournament:[48]
- Board 1: Baadur Jobava 2926
- Board 2: Vladimir Kramnik 2903
- Board 3: Wesley So 2896
- Board 4: Laurent Fressinet 2809
- Reserve: Andrei Volokitin 2992
Women's event
The Women's event was contested a record number of 142 teams representing 138 nations.[34] Azerbaijan, as host nation, fielded three teams, whilst the International Physically Disabled Chess Association (IPCA) and the International Chess Committee of the Deaf (ICCD) each provided one team.[49][50]
Eight of the top ten players from the FIDE women's rating list published in August 2016 were playing in the women's event with only India's
The top seed in the women's event were China with an average rating of 2528. They were led by the Women's World Champion Hou Yifan on board one, along with
Women’s summary
China won their fifth gold medal in the women's event and the first since 2004 after winning the silver medal in the last three Olympiads. They scored 20 match points with nine wins and two draws, finishing three points ahead of Poland and Ukraine who scored 17 match points each. Poland won the silver medal after winning the tie-breaker with Ukraine. The defending champions from the previous three Olympiads Russia finished without a medal on the fourth place after losing the decisive match for the gold medal against China in the final round. Vietnam, Azerbaijan and Israel have all surprised positively, finishing on the seventh, eighth and the ninth place, respectively. The teams that disappointed with their place in the final standings include Georgia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Romania, Germany, Spain and Turkey.[9]
Valentina Gunina of Russia, playing on board two, won the individual gold medal overall with a score of 8 out of 10 (seven wins, one loss and two draws) and a rating performance of 2643. On the other boards, the gold medals were won by Anna Muzychuk of Ukraine on board one with 71⁄2 out of 10 and a rating performance of 2629, Gulnar Mammadova of Azerbaijan on board three who scored 7 out of 9 with a rating performance of 2559, Tan Zhongyi of China on board four with 9 out of 11 and a rating performance of 2505, and Guo Qi of China as a reserve player who scored 51⁄2 out of 8 with a rating performance of 2394.[9]
# | Country | Players | Average rating |
MP | dSB |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | China | Hou, Ju, Zhao, Tan, Guo | 2560 | 20 | |
2 | Poland | Wozniak |
2405 | 17 | 427.5 |
3 | Ukraine | A. Muzychuk, M. Muzychuk, Zhukova, Ushenina, Gaponenko | 2505 | 17 | 404.5 |
4 | Russia | Kosteniuk, Gunina, Goryachkina, Pogonina, Girya | 2504 | 16 | 380.5 |
5 | India | Dronavalli, Rout, Sachdev, Swaminathan, Pratyusha | 2433 | 16 | 342.5 |
6 | United States | Krush, Paikidze, Zatonskih, Němcová, S. F. Foisor | 2406 | 16 | 332.5 |
7 | Vietnam | Phạm, Hoàng, Nguyễn Thị Mai Hưng, Nguyễn Thị Thanh An | 2307 | 16 | 328.0 |
8 | Azerbaijan | Mamedyarova, Mammadzada, Mammadova, Hojjatova, Kazimova | 2327 | 16 | 309.0 |
9 | Israel | Shvayger, Efroimski, Klinova, Gutmakher, Lahav | 2309 | 16 | 307.5 |
10 | Georgia | Khotenashvili, Batsiashvili, Melia |
2486 | 15 | 356.5 |
- Notes
- Average ratings calculated by chess-results.com based in September 2016 ratings.
All board prizes were given out according to performance ratings for players who have played at least eight games at the tournament. Valentina Gunina on the second board had the best performance of all players in the tournament:[52]
- Board 1: Anna Muzychuk 2629
- Board 2: Valentina Gunina 2643
- Board 3: Gulnar Mammadova 2559
- Board 4: Tan Zhongyi 2565
- Reserve: Guo Qi 2394
Gaprindashvili Trophy
The Nona Gaprindashvili Trophy, created by FIDE in 1997 and named after the former women's World Champion (1961–78), was awarded to Ukraine, having scored the highest total number of match points in the open and women's events combined.[53]
# | Team | MP |
---|---|---|
1 | Ukraine | 37 |
2 | United States | 36 |
3 | China | 35 |
FIDE Congress
The 87th FIDE Congress took place during the Olympiad, specifically from 4 to 14 September; the General Assembly was held from 11 to 13 September 2016.[54][55] During the meetings held from 6 to 8 September 2016, the FIDE Ethics Commission made a decision to suspend members of the former leadership of the European Chess Union, including the former ECU President Silvio Danailov, former ECU General Secretary Sava Stoisavljević and former ECU Executive Director Vladimir Šakotić from holding any office or position within FIDE, from participating in any meeting of FIDE as delegate or another capacity, as well as representing any organisation in its relations with FIDE for 18 months, 6 months and 3 years, respectively. The suspension, however, does not preclude Danailov from exercising his duty as president of the Bulgarian Chess Federation internally.[56] They were all found guilty for violating certain clauses of the FIDE's Code of Ethics. In relation with the ECU's former leadership, there are criminal charges by special prosecutor against Šakotić in Montenegro as well as against the former president of the Serbian Chess Federation Miroslav Kopanja in Serbia and an investigation against the former Croatian Chess Federation leadership in Croatia.[57] The European Chess Union also voted 37–11 to suspend the membership of the Bulgarian Chess Federation.[58]
Marketing
Logo
The official logo for the 42nd Chess Olympiad was revealed during the closing ceremony of the Chess World Cup 2015 held in Baku on 5 October 2015. It depicts the Baku Crystal Hall has with its unusual architecture in the shape of the so-called "Baku Crystal", which is a crystal shining during the night.[59]
Mascot
The official mascot was revealed on a press-conference dedicated to 100 days before the Chess Olympiad held in Baku on 25 May 2016. The name of the mascot is "Chess Mate" and it represents a boy clad in a national dress. The author of the mascot is Musa Changiev, whose suggestion was selected out of 600 received in the national competition launched by the Baku Chess Olympiad Operating Committee in March 2016. Changiev explained that he started working on the mascot once he collected some information about the game and tried to "create an image of someone energetic and fond of thinking". He came up with the image of a young chess player with black hair and brows that are typical for the Azerbaijani people. The youngster wears glasses and is clad in a combination of national and modern features. Changiev added that the king's gown in which the youngster is worn symbolises the King as an important chess piece as well as the kings in the history of Azerbaijan. The gown is decorated with some Buta images and carpet patterns, which are traditional for the host country. The youngster's shirt, trousers and shoes are the modern features.[60][61]
Partners
The organisers of the 42nd Chess Olympiad have signed cooperation agreement with the following companies:[62]
Global partners | National partners | |
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|
Side activities
There were multiple side events that took place in order to promote the Chess Olympiad and the game of chess such as the operation of chess buses, 3D street art on chess topics, display of painted chess pieces, Chess Queen street performances, chess photography exhibitions, and parallel chess tournaments.[63][64]
Chess buses
In August 2016, the Baku Chess Olympiad Operating Committee branded two
Street art
The Operating Committee invited the famous Ukrainian 3D street artist Alex Maksiov to create a 3D image dedicated to the 42nd Chess Olympiad. Maksiov was working on the image outdoors in the vicinity of the Baku Puppet Theatre on the Baku Boulevard from 24 to 27 July 2016. The image depicts the Crystal Hall as he venue for the Olympiad and a chess board, which is descending into the playing area on an American roller coaster. At the launch ceremony, Maksiov said that his idea was to express that the attention of the whole world will be focused on the Crystal Hall.[64][66]
In addition, visitors could participate in solving chess problems at the National Flag Square from 1 August to 14 September. At the Baku Boulevard, three giant chess sets were available to the visitors from 10 August to 14 September, while one-metre high painted chess pieces made by 30 professional artists were being displayed from 20 August to 14 September. The Baku Boulevard also hosted Chess Queen dances and performances from 1 to 14 September. The Queen as a chess piece symbolises freedom of movement. The role of the Queens is played by acclaimed artists that performed dances as well as greet and entertain the visitors.[64]
Parallel tournaments
The programme of the Chess Olympiad also includes parallel tournaments that took place at the Crystal Hall from 1 to 14 September. They included a children's tournament (2–4 September), a
Concerns and controversies
Cheating
Anti-cheating measures
Mindful particularly of the cheating incident of Sébastien Feller at the 39th Chess Olympiad (2010),[68] combined with the general increase of cheating incidents, the World Chess Federation (FIDE) strove to have greatly enhanced security in Baku. Some of these were already introduced at the Chess World Cup 2015 (also in Baku), which included transmission delay of (some) games, random security checks of players, ban for bringing pens and watches into the playing hall and installment of electronic checkpoints for players at the entrance of the playing hall (see below).[69]
In an interview during the preparations (May) for the Olympiad,
Lack of security measures
Despite the aforementioned anti-cheating protocols, some participants felt that this was merely a display without effect. Mobile phones were commonly heard going off, particularly in the entourage of FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumzhinov.[71][72][73] It was also regarded as fairly easy to circumvent the initial metal detectors simply by passing an object around them.[72][74][75]
Incidents
In the fourth round, a Japanese player (Tang Tang) was forfeited after he was caught with an electronic device in a random check conducted prior to leaving the venue. The game result was reversed from a win for the player to a loss, which also resulted in a change in the match score. Chief Arbiter Faiq Hasanov said that he was approached by an arbiter in the anti-cheating department and informed about the matter. He himself did not bother to check if there was a chess program installed on the device, as possession already violated the rules, leading to an automatic forfeiture. Later information from other arbiters involved indicated there possibly were two devices involved, and their quick check did not indicate a chess program was running. Without sufficient evidence of cheating per se, Hasanov felt that more than game disqualification would be double punishment.[76] The captain of the Japanese team GM Mihajlo Stojanović later addressed some of the related issues in comments on the blog of the Macedonian grandmaster and general secretary of the Association of Chess Professionals Aleksandar Čolooviḱ.[72]
During the game of the seventh round between Nigel Short and Li Chao, the former was returning from the toilet with about 30 minutes to make 20 moves when an anti-cheating arbiter asked him to undergo a spot check with a hand scanner for electronic devices.[77] Short did not heed the request, and sat back down to play. After the game, Klaus Deventer (the head of the anti-cheating arbiters) reprimanded Short with a warning.[78] Short discussed the incident extensively after the event, indicating that he did not think the cost of annoyance to the player (even when returning from outside the playing area) was comparable to the anti-cheating benefit, though he was not pressed specifically regarding cases where a culprit had in fact been disqualified following mid-game requests for inspection (some for refusal, others for being caught with a device).[79][80] Initially Short also mentioned the fact that he and the arbiter in question (Jamie Kenmure, an Australian who is FIDE delegate for the Solomon Islands) have a political past, and thus Short did not trust that his being selected for the test actually originated from Deventer (as per the regulations).[77] Alternative initial reports dramatised the event to have the arbiters "ask[ing] him to step away from the board and subject himself to a full search" while in time trouble and playing a "do-or-die" position, though these details now seem discredited.[81]
Complaints
A significant petition was circulated by
Multiple post-event comments by captains and players continued to report the annoyance of the anti-cheating measures, noting that a better balance between security and enjoyment could be found by FIDE.[72][84][85] Baadur Jobava was prominent on the other side of the issue, opining that the anti-cheating measures would help solve the non-stop screaming about this great "headache" for the 21st century chess player.[86]
Travel difficulties
Visas
Due to a small number of embassies, Azerbaijan can be more difficult to obtain a visa when compared to other countries which have hosted the Olympiad. This issue was briefly raised during the 83rd FIDE Congress, and Azad Rahimov noted the country had a positive experience with the Eurovision Song Contest 2012, where all participants could receive a visa on arrival at the airport without any problem.[87] In a similar manner, in April 2016, the President of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev signed an order on simplifying the visa procedures for travellers to Azerbaijan in connection with the Chess Olympiad, allowing them to get visas in the country's international airports.[88]
African teams
A number of African nations did not show up in time, for various reasons such as difficulties flying through Istanbul, and finalisation of monetary arrangements (teams must pay first, and then get reimbursed later).[71] Former Kenyan Olympic participant and owner of the website Kenya Chess Masala said that the issue just paints Africa in bad image. On 5 September, the organisers confirmed at a press-conference that the host-nation was ready to pay for the poorer nations to travel. Bhari confirmed that the travel expenses were the main problem and wrote that 116 out of the planned 187 federations were on a travel subsidy, including his native Kenya whose players had not shown in the first rounds, though. He also explained that one of the biggest issues was the timing of the funding and that the teams were expected to pay on their own and be reimbursed upon arrival. Finally, Bhari had already reminded other federations to start planning their travel expenses for the 43rd Chess Olympiad in Batumi in 2018. In the end, 10 African nations did not arrive (Kenya, Cameroon, Mali, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Burundi, Liberia, Seychelles, Senegal, Central African Republic).[76]
Armenian withdrawal
Armenia's participation in a Chess Olympiad hosted in Azerbaijan was raised as a concern at the 83rd FIDE Congress in Istanbul in 2012 during discussions about Baku's nomination to host the Olympiad in 2016, with the Armenian representative protesting since Armenian chess players would find it quite difficult to play in Baku.[87]
Historically this is nothing new, as the tense relations between Armenia and Azerbaijan because of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict have been mirrored in chess over the years, resulting in the absence of players from one of the two countries at tournaments hosted in the other country and even relocation of chess events. For example, the candidates tournament for the World Chess Championship 2012 was ultimately moved (completely) from Baku to Kazan, with consideration given that one underlying reason was because Armenia's Levon Aronian was inhospitable toward playing in Azerbaijan.[89] More recently, Azerbaijan chose not to play in the 2015 World Team Chess Championship in Tsaghkadzor, and Azerbaijani players did not participate in the European Individual Chess Championship 2014 in Yerevan.[90][91] Nevertheless, Armenian players, including Levon Aronian, did play at the 2015 Chess World Cup in Baku, giving some hope the team would appear at the Olympiad.[92][93]
In May 2016, during his visit to Yerevan, FIDE President Kirsan Ilyumzhinov said that, after talking to the Armenian Chess Federation chairman Serzh Sargsyan (also President of Armenia), he heard no refusal about their participation. The vice-president of the Armenian Chess Federation Smbat Lputian responded that Armenia was still discussing the matter and had not decided on the matter yet.[94] In July 2016, Lputian announced that (based upon discussion within the federation) the Armenian chess team would not participate in the Chess Olympiad.[95]
Federation disputes
Israel participated without Boris Gelfand, Emil Sutovsky, and Ilya Smirin due to a dispute with the Israel Chess Federation management. The hardships were already evident in 2015, when the country failed to send a team at the European Team Chess Championship due to monetary difficulties.[96] Boris Gelfand, who played on board one for Israel at nine consecutive Olympiads (1998–2014), said the management of the Israel Chess Federation have "absolutely forgotten about such things as the prestige of the country". Emil Sutovsky claimed on his Facebook page that the dispute was about "showing who's boss rather than money".[44]
Bulgaria played without Ivan Cheparinov and Kiril Georgiev, the former due to monetary disputes,[97] and the latter because the Bulgarian Chess Federation considered him banned.[98][99] At one point, the entire Bulgarian team was rumored not to be coming (similarly they were absent from the 2015 European Team Chess Championship), as was Greece.[100]
One week before the Olympiad started, the Pakistani Sports Board, dealing with three separate claimants to status of official national federation, refused to issue "No Objection Certificates" (NOCs). A spokesman said, "we have refused to issue NOCs to around 15 men and women chess players and two officials as currently no chess federation is recognised by us. Issuing them NOCs will mean we've accepted an illegal body."[101] In the end, a team from Pakistan (with its top players) did attend and finished slightly above average.[33]
Kenya has had a long running dispute within its federation,[102] and due to this and other reasons the open team ended up not showing up for the event and the women's team began play only in round 5.[76]
See also
Notes
- ^ Although sometimes referred to as the "men's division", this section is open to all players.
References
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- ^ Crowther, Mark (19 April 2014). "Vugar Gashimov Memorial 2014". The Week in Chess.
- ^ Crowther, Mark (14 April 2015). "2nd Vugar Gashimov Memorial 2015". The Week in Chess.
- ^ Crowther, Mark (4 June 2015). "3rd Vugar Gashimov Memorial 2016". The Week in Chess.
- ^ Pein, Malcolm (10 September 2015). "Chess World Cup begins in Baku". The Telegraph.
- ^ Silver, Albert (2 September 2016). "2016 Baku Rd1: Bulgaria held to draw by Sudan". ChessBase.
- ^ a b c Weeks, Manuel (26 August 2016). "Begins next Thursday: 42nd Chess Olympiad in Baku". ChessBase.
- ^ "Faik Hasanov was announced as the Chief Arbiter of Baku Olympiad". FIDE. 23 May 2016.
- ^ a b c d e Doggers, Peter (13 September 2016). "USA Wins 1st Olympic Gold In 40 Years; China Takes Women's Section". Chess.com.
- ^ "Bidding procedure for 2016 Chess Olympiad and FIDE Congress". FIDE. 1 December 2011.
- ^ "FIDE Handbook: Regulations of the Chess Olympiad" (PDF). FIDE.
- ^ "Azerbaijan with generous bid for 2016 Chess Olympiad". Chessdom.com. 30 July 2012.
- ^ "Chess Olympiad 2016 in Baku". Chessdom.com. 8 September 2012. Archived from the original on 5 July 2014. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
- ^ a b c Aliyev, Elmir (10 September 2012). "Azerbaijan to host 2016 Chess Olympiad despite Armenia's protest". News.az. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
- ^ "Chess Olympiad 2016 awarded to Baku". FIDE. 8 September 2012.
- ^ "Organizing Committee — Members of the Organizing Committee". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-06-29. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
- ^ "Contacts". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-09-11. Retrieved 2016-08-28.
- ^ Ismayilova, Laman (18 May 2016). "Baku Chess Olympiad names first Celebrity Ambassadors". AzerNews.
- AzerTAc. 9 July 2016.
- ^ "Change for Olympiad dates". FIDE. 16 February 2016.
- ^ "Change for the Chess Olympiad and FIDE Congress dates (Updated)". Chessdom.com. 16 February 2016.
- ^ "2016 Sinquefield Cup dates have been rescheduled". Grand Chess Tour. 18 February 2016.
- ^ Yalcinkaya, Hakan (8 September 2011). "Azerbaijan: Baku Crystal Hall to host Eurovision 2012". ESCToday. Archived from the original on 23 October 2011. Retrieved 8 September 2011.
- ^ Lampert-Gréaux, Ellen (29 October 2012). "Rock Divas In Baku". Live Design.
- ^ "All teams ready for victories as the countdown to the Final Four begins". CEV. 14 March 2014. Archived from the original on 10 September 2016. Retrieved 28 August 2016.
- ^ "Holding I European Games in Baku is historic event – Mehriban Aliyeva". News.az. Retrieved 9 February 2013.
- ^ "Baku Crystal Hall — History". official website of the Baku Crystal Hall.
- ^ "Sports Concert Complex by GMP Architekten". Dezeen. 27 January 2012.
- ^ Ismayilova, Laman (8 August 2016). "Baku meeting discusses opening and closing of Baku Chess Olympiad". Today.az. Archived from the original on 3 February 2019. Retrieved 23 August 2016.
- ^ a b "42nd Chess Olympiad opens in Baku". Chess24.com. 1 September 2016.
- ^ a b c d "42nd World Chess Olympiad was officially opened". FIDE. 2 September 2016.
- ^ a b c "42nd Olympiad Opens As President Aliyev Attends". Chess.com. 1 September 2016.
- ^ a b c "42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Open". Chess-Results.
- ^ a b "42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Women". Chess-Results.
- ^ "FIDE Directory – Netherlands Antilles". FIDE.
- ^ "Men's Chess Olympiads' Overall Statistics 1927–2014 – Team Statistics". OlimpBase.
- ^ "Women's Chess Olympiads' Overall Statistics 1957–2014 – Team Statistics". OlimpBase.
- ^ a b "FIDE Handbook: Olympiad Pairing Rules". FIDE.
- ^ "Olympiad schedule". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-08-25. Retrieved 2016-08-22.
- ^ "Teams – Open". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-09-14.
- ^ "42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Open – Alphabetical list of teams". Chess-results.com.
- Sun.Star.
- ^ "Ivanchuk, Gelfand to miss Chess Olympiad, Hjartarson making a comeback". Chessdom.com. 6 July 2016.
- ^ Chess24.com. 2 July 2016.
- ^ a b Doggers, Peter (17 August 2016). "Who Is (And Who Isn't) Playing The Olympiad?". Chess.com.
- ^ "USA and China win gold medals in Baku Chess Olympiad". FIDE. 14 September 2016.
- ^ McGourty, Colin (14 September 2016). "Baku 2016, 10: USA face final Canadian challenge". Chess24.com.
- ^ "Board-prizes (Final Ranking after 11 Rounds) – Open". Chess-results.com.
- ^ "Teams – Women". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-09-18. Retrieved 2016-09-14.
- ^ "42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Women – Alphabetical list of teams". Chess-results.com.
- ^ "42nd Olympiad Baku 2016 Women – Team-compositions without round-results". Chess-results.com.
- ^ "Board-prizes (Final Ranking after 11 Rounds) – Women". Chess-results.com.
- ^ "Gaprindashvili cup (Best federation = sum (open + women))". Chess-results.com.
- ^ "87th FIDE Congress". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-05-02. Retrieved 2016-08-25.
- ^ "FIDE Congress 2016 – Schedule" (PDF). FIDE.
- ^ "Final decision on the cases n. 13/2014 n. 13/2014 n. 13/2014& 14/2014 & 14/2014 & 14/2014: "Complaints of the European Chess Union (ECU) and Montenegro Chess Federation (MCF) concerning the organisation of the 2013 European Youth Chess Championship in Budva, Montenegro"" (PDF). FIDE Ethics Commission. 9 September 2016.
- ^ "Danailov, Stoisavljevic, Sakotic suspended by FIDE Ethics Commission". Chessdom. 9 September 2016.
- ^ "87th FIDE Congress in Baku". FIDE. 10 September 2016.
- ^ Nazarli, Amina (7 October 2015). "Chess Olympiad-2016 logo presented in Baku". AzerNews.
- ^ "The name of the mascot for the 42nd World Chess Olympiad is "Chess Mate"". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-08-24.
- ^ "100 days before the start of the Baku Chess Olympiad". FIDE. 25 May 2016.
- ^ "Baku Chess Olympiad announces partners". AzerNews. 23 August 2016.
- ^ Doggers, Peter (30 August 2016). "42nd Chess Olympiad Starts In 2 Days". Chess.com.
- ^ a b c "Activities Schedule and Information". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-07-08. Retrieved 2016-09-01.
- ^ "Chess buses launched in Baku". AzerNews. 23 August 2016.
- ^ Ismayilova, Laman (28 July 2016). "3D image dedicated to Baku Chess Olympiad completed". AzerNews.
- ^ "Side Tournaments". official website. Archived from the original on 2016-08-12. Retrieved 2016-09-01.
- ^ FIDE Ethics Commission judgement 2/2011
- ^ a b "Anti Cheating Procedures — 42nd Chess Olympiad, Baku, Azerbaijan, 1–14 September 2016" (PDF). FIDE.
- ^ Interview with Israel Gelfer Archived 2016-10-20 at the Wayback Machine (FIDE)
- ^ a b Klein, Mike (3 September 2016). "Carlsen Succeeds With New 1st Move In Olympiad's 2nd Round". Chess.com.
- ^ a b c d Anti-Cheating in Baku Archived 2016-09-19 at the Wayback Machine (Alex Colovic)
- ^ English Chess Federation post (Nick Faulks, Bermuda)
- ^ Twitter (Pavel Eljanov, Twitter)
- ^ Twitter (Part 2 of previous)
- ^ a b c d Klein, Mike (5 September 2016). "Bad Day For Number 1s: Russia, 2 World Champs Struggle". Chess.com.
- ^ a b Nigel Short refused an arbiter Archived 2022-02-13 at the Wayback Machine (Chess-News, Russian)
- ^ Round 8 report Archived 2016-09-24 at the Wayback Machine (Chess.com, updating the Short story)
- ^ Nigel Short calls anti-cheating rule "anti-chess" (Chess24, Interview with Nigel Short)
- ^ A quick chat with Nigel Short in Baku 2016 (Youtube video, Daniel King)
- ^ Round 7 report (ChessBase, Albert Silver)
- ^ a b "Olympiad protest at "anti-cheating" toilet rule". Chess24.com. 4 September 2016.
- ^ Round 3 report (Chess.com)
- ^ Back from Baku (Shaun Press)
- ^ Interview with Anton Korobov (Chess24)
- ^ Facebook post (Baadur Jobava)
- ^ a b Minutes 2012 FIDE General Assembly (Page 49)
- ^ "Simplification of visa procedures for foreigners arriving for World Chess Olympiad". AzerTAc. 19 April 2016.
- ^ FIDE to move Candidates matches (ChessBase, Kommersant)
- ^ "Azerbaijan To Miss World Team Championship in Armenia". Chess-News. 29 January 2015. Archived from the original on 27 November 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ "European Individual Chess Championship 2014 — List of Participants". EICC 2014.
- ^ Ang, Bobby (17 September 2015). "The Baku World Cup starts". BusinessWorld. Archived from the original on 28 October 2020. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ "Armenian Chess Grand Master To Participate in World Cup in Baku". Asbarez. 2 September 2015. Archived from the original on 14 June 2021. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ "FIDE Chief: Armenians to participate in Baku Chess Olympiad". ArmeniaNow. 25 May 2016. Archived from the original on 16 September 2016. Retrieved 30 August 2016.
- ^ "Armenian chess team not to participate in World Chess Olympiad in Baku". Armenpress. 25 July 2016.
- ^ Israeli Team Won't Come to Reykjavik Despite All Efforts to Raise Funds Archived 2022-01-26 at the Wayback Machine (Chess News)
- ^ JPEG from Twitter
- ^ FIDE Ethics case 4/2015 (also mentions national court situation)
- ^ The court decides who is right/wrong in chess (Bulgarian). The issue was addressed by Bulgarian courts who concluded the ban was improper, but that decision is under appeal. After the FIDE General Assembly (following the Ethics Commission) voted to ban the Bulgarian Chess Federation if no action was taken, the ban was then lifted.
- ^ Armenian team won't participate in Baku-hosted Chess Olympiad
- Pak Observer. Archived from the originalon 2016-08-30. Retrieved 2016-10-09.
- ^ 2016 FIDE General Assembly (Annex 62)
Bibliography
- Agaragimov, Djakhangir (2016). Pearls of Azerbaijan. Baku: Baku Chess Olympiad Operating Committee. ISBN 9788394429089.
External links
- Official website
- Results: